natural selection/ Biodiversity EOY Review

Biodiversity

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• ​Siberian tigers are one of five remaining tiger subspecies.

• In the early 20th century, hunting and habitat loss reduced the wild population to just 20–30 animals.

• Conservation efforts have helped the wild population rebound to 450–500 today.

Multiple Choice

What 2 things caused the tiger population to decrease?

• hunting and habitat loss

• cold weather and hunting

• global warming and habitat loss

• hunting and fishing

Multiple Choice

Differences in DNA among individuals

• Genetic Diversity

• Species Diversity

• Ecosystem Diversity

• Cultural Diversity

Multiple Choice

Variety of species in a given area

• Genetic Diversity

• Species Diversity

• Ecosystem Diversity

• Cultural Diversity

Multiple Choice

Variety of habitats, ecosystems, communities

• Genetic Diversity

• Species Diversity

• Ecosystem Diversity

• Cultural Diversity

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a type of environmental science biodiversity?

• Genetic

• Ecosystem

• Species

• Cultural

Multiple Choice

Which ecosystem was fragile enough to be destroyed if one of it's strands goes extinct? (WATCH THE VIDEO!!!)

• tropical rainforest

• coral reef

Multiple Choice

All organisms are categorized into different groups at different levels.

This is called taxonomy.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Taxonomists organize species based on their

• physical appearance only

• genetic makeup only

• physical appearance AND genetic makeup

• physical appearance, genetic makeup, and geographic location

Multiple Choice

How many species are on Earth?

• 5

• between 5 and 30 million

• 30

• between 5 and 30

Multiple Choice

Where does biodiversity increase?

• in zoos

• open ocean

• toward the equator

• estuaries

Multiple Choice

Resist environmental change without losing function

• Resistant

• Recycled

• Resilient

• Restarting

Multiple Choice

Affected by change, but bounce back and regain function

• Resistant

• Recycled

• Resilient

• Restarting

Multiple Choice

Intact environments provide ecosystem services, such as

• water purification and recreation

• water purification and pest control

• pest control and water pollution

• recreation and pest control

Multiple Choice

High biodiversity decreases stability of communities.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

How many of our most common prescription medications originated in nature?

• 118

• 150

• all of them

• 268

Multiple Choice

How does biodiversity help agriculture?

• humans can cross breed species to give plants beneficial traits

• organisms in nature might have qualities that are helpful at fighting diseases

• people enjoy visiting these places and help stimulate the local economy

Multiple Choice

How does biodiversity help the medical field?

• humans can cross breed species to give plants beneficial traits

• organisms in nature might have qualities that are helpful at fighting diseases

• people enjoy visiting these places and help stimulate the local economy

Multiple Choice

How does biodiversity help the economy?

• humans can cross breed species to give plants beneficial traits

• organisms in nature might have qualities that are helpful at fighting diseases

• people enjoy visiting these places and help stimulate the local economy

​Use this passage to answer the following questions!

Multiple Choice

Depending on a few plants for food is

• healthy for humans.

• risky for humans.

• good for crops.

• beneficial for some species.

Multiple Choice

Relying on one important crop can cause

• famine if the crop is wiped out.

• hybrids if the crop mixes with another population.

• disease if the crop came from wild plants.

• a new crop variety if a new species is introduced.

Multiple Choice

Some types of crops can be saved from disease if

• they can be genetically isolated.

• they are sprayed with enough pesticide.

• areas of high biodiversity are destroyed.

• they are crossbred with their wild plant relatives.

Multiple Choice

Most crops we eat today are hybrids.

• True

• False

• Species that share a region develop a dependence on each other to survive.

• If one species is removed from the region, it affects every other species living there.

• Food Chains and Food Webs are two examples of Species Interdependence.

​Species Interdependence

If each member of a species is too much like the other members, it's harder for that species to make the changes necessary in order to survive. 

What is Biodiversity?

• BIO means - "Life"

• Diversity means - "Variety"

Biodiversity

The variety of organisms in an area, by species, genes, populations, and communities, also called biological diversity.

Open Ended

Describe the pattern observed in each graph. 

Open Ended

Scientist who collected this data think that the decline in mammals may be correlated to the python invasion. Do you agree? Provide a reason for your answer.  

Multiple Choice

How do invasive species threaten biodiversity?

• They cause biomagnification

• They can reduce the populations of native species through predation or competition.

• They reduce ocean acidification

• They increase land conservation

Multiple Choice

How would construction of a neighborhood of 50 houses impact an ecosystem?

• native species would increase in diversity

• producers would be eliminated

• predators would increase

• biodiversity would decrease

Multiple Choice

How can raising fish in captivity (aquaculture)

contribute to sustainable development?

• can increase genetic varation

• overfishing of the oceans can be prevented

• prevents pollution from factories

Multiple Choice

Whale populations have decreased dramatically. In 1986 the global community enacted a ban on whaling, except for Norway and Japan. What is a consequence of their choice?

• the whale populations are quickly recovering in the oceans near Japan and Norway.

• whale populations are not recovering as quickly as they would if all the countries agreed not to hunt whales

• whales are avoiding being hunted

• whale populations have mutated into new species

Multiple Choice

A species that naturally lives and thrives in a particular ecosystem.

• native species

• non-native species

• original species

• grandfather species

Multiple Choice

The place or type of ecosystem in which a species lives and obtains what it needs to survive

• habitat

• local

• niche

• ecosystem diversity

Multiple Choice

The process by which Earth's life forms change over time.

• ecological niche

• synthetic biology

• evolution

• functional diversity

Multiple Choice

A species that has a large effect on the types and abundance of other species in an ecosystem. Without them the ecosystem would be dramatically changed.

• indicator species

• keystone species

• invasive species

• non-native species

Multiple Choice

The abundance and distribution of species within an ecosystem.

• functional diversity

• genetic diversity

• ecosystem diversity

• species diversity

Multiple Choice

Earth's diversity of biological communities such as deserts, grasslands, forest, lake, rivers, and wetlands.

• functional diversity

• genetic diversity

• ecosystem diversity

• species diversity

Multiple Choice

Occurs when an entire species ceases to exist.

• extinction

• speciation

• mutation

• elimination

Multiple Choice

If I have 14 total tagged fish, caught 50 fish total, and caught 5 tagged fish, what should my population equation look like?

• $$\frac{14}{5}=\frac{50}{x}$$

• $$\frac{14}{50}=\frac{5}{x}$$

• $$\frac{5}{50}=\frac{14}{x}$$

• $$\frac{50}{5}=\frac{14}{x}$$

Multiple Choice

What is an example of an invasive species?

• When a vulture eats roadkill before the racoon can

• When a diseased tuna gets eaten by a shark

• When a foreign vine is planted near a forest and starts to strangle nearby trees

• When someone's pet hamster escapes in the country and gets eaten by a hawk

Multiple Choice

Cattle egrets forage (feed) in fields among cattle. The egret gets easy access to flying insects stirred up by the cattle, and the cattle don't care if they are there or not.

• mutualism
• commensalism
• competition
• parasitism

Multiple Choice

What type of symbiosis?  Hummingbirds feed on nectar from flowers.  The flowers are pollinated by hummingbirds as they move from flower to flower.

• commensalism
• mutualism
• parasitism
• predation

Multiple Choice

Aphids are tiny insects that live on and eat the leaves of plants, removing vital nutrients from the plants.

• Predation

• Parasitism

• Commensalism

• Mutualism

Multiple Choice

Water and food are examples of _____________ for populations

• emigration
• carrying capacity
• limiting factor
• immigration

Multiple Choice

If an area has all the wolves that it can support, the wolf population has reached its _______________________.

• limiting factor
• carrying capacity
• emmigration
• immigration

Multiple Choice

This occurs when organisms move out of an ecosystem that is in chaos.

• Immigration
• Emmigration
• Birth Rate
• Death Rate

Multiple Choice

What factor describes when populations increase because animals are moving into a population?

• Emigration
• Limiting Factors
• Immigration
• Exponential Growth

Multiple Choice

A drought has hit this grassland biome. How will this effect the rabbit population?

• The rabbits will increase in number.
• The rabbit population will stay the same.
• The rabbit population will decrease.
• The rabbit population will become extinct immediately.

Multiple Choice

Which organisms in the food web shown to the right are predators that compete for the same prey in this environment?

• Coyotes and rabbits
• White-tailed deer and rabbits
• Leafy weeds and cotton rats
• Bobcats and coyotes

Multiple Choice

The struggle between organisms to survive as they attempt to use the same resource

• Predator
• Prey
• Competition
• Adaptation

Multiple Choice

On a safari at night, a lion hunts and feeds on an antelope. In this relationship, the lion is the ____________________ and the antelope is the _________________.

• Parasite/host
• Predator/prey
• Prey/Predator

Multiple Choice

What are the two variables typically represented on a line graph?

• independent variable and dependent variable

• control variable and experimental variable

• input and output

• x-axis and y-axis

Multiple Choice

How do you choose the scale for the x-axis and y-axis on a line graph?

• Consider the range of values and choose a scale that accurately represents the data.

• Select a scale that is unrelated to the range of values.

• Use a scale that exaggerates the differences between data points.

• Choose a scale that evenly divides the range of values.

Multiple Choice

What is the best way to label the x-axis and y-axis on a line graph?

• Use clear and concise labels that accurately describe the data being represented.

• Do not label the axes at all.

• Use long and complicated labels that are difficult to understand.

• Use random labels that have no relation to the data.

Multiple Choice

What is the difference between a line graph and a bar graph?

• A line graph displays data in a continuous manner, while a bar graph displays data in discrete categories.

• A line graph is more suitable for showing trends over time, while a bar graph is more suitable for comparing data at a specific point in time.

• A line graph is used to show the relationship between two variables, while a bar graph is used to compare multiple variables.

• A line graph shows the trend over time, while a bar graph compares different categories.

Multiple Choice

How can you use a line graph to make predictions or draw conclusions?

• By looking at the colors used in the graph.

• By analyzing the trend, direction, and slope of the line on the graph.

• By counting the number of data points on the graph.

• By measuring the length of the x-axis on the graph.

Multiple Choice

Changes in the _________ variable cause changes in the _________ variable.

• independent; dependent

• dependent; independent

Multiple Choice

What is the independent variable?

• atomic number

• electron volts

• first ionization energy

• Jim Askew's Graph

Multiple Choice

The number of teachers at four schools are shown in the bar graph below. The number of teachers at school S is missing. There are a total of 56 teachers at schools S, T and V. Which bar graph represents the number of teachers at school S?

Multiple Choice

You want to compare BRANDS OF PAPER TOWELS, to see which HOLDS THE MOST liquid. What is the DEPENDENT variable?

• BRAND of paper towels

• TYPE of liquid

• AMOUNT the towel holds

Multiple Choice

The data table below shows that as the pressure of a gas sample was changed, the volume of the gas changed. The pressure was measured in atmospheres (atm) and the volume was measured in milliliters (mL).

According to the data table, as the pressure of the gas increases, the volume of the gas:

• decreases

• increases

• remains the same

Multiple Choice

The graph below shows tidal changes at an ocean beach over a 24-hour time period.

What is the approximate time interval between the two high tides?

• 6 hours

• 9 hours

• 13 hours

• 24 hours

Multiple Choice

What type of graph is this?

• line plot

• line graph

• bar graph

• frequency table

Multiple Choice

What is the main purpose of a line graph?

• to compare two things

• To show change over time

• to have an independent variable

• so you don't have to read words

Multiple Choice

Which day of the week had the lowest high and low temperature?

• Monday
• Thursday
• Tuesday
• Wednesday

Multiple Choice

Students collected trash on a beach over a one-year period and organized the data in the table below.

Which graph is best to display the data shown in the table?

Multiple Choice

Examine the population curves for wolves and moose in the graph below.

Which statement correctly describes the population relationship between the wolves and moose from 1968 to 1973?

• As the moose population increased the wolf population increased.

• As the moose population increased the wolf population decreased.

• As the wolf population decreased the moose population decreased

• As the wolf population increased, the moose population decreased.

Multiple Choice

Based on the histogram above, of the following, which is closest to the average (arithmetic mean) number of seeds per apple?

• 4

• 5

• 6

• 7

Multiple Choice

A group of tenth-grade students responded to a survey that asked which math course they were currently enrolled in. The survey data were broken down as shown in the table above. Which of the following categories accounts for approximately 19 per cent of all the survey respondents?

• Females taking Geometry

• Females taking Algebra II

• Males taking Geometry

• Males taking Algebra I

Multiple Choice

The table above lists the lengths, to the nearest inch, of a random sample of 21 brown bull head fish. The outlier measurement of 24 inches is an error. Of the mean, median, and range of the values listed,which will change the most if the 24-inch measurement is removed from the data?

• Mean

• Median

• Range

• Mode

Multiple Choice

The first metacarpal bone is located in the wrist. The scatterplot below shows the relationship between the length of the first metacarpal bone and height for 9 people. The line of best fit is also shown.

How many of the nine people have an actual height that differs by more than 3 centimeters from the height predicted by the line of best fit?

• 2

• 4

• 6

• 9

Multiple Choice

The table below classifies 103 elements as metal, metalloid, or nonmetal and as solid, liquid, or gas at standard temperature and pressure.

What fraction of all solids and liquids in the table are metalloids?

• $$\frac{7}{103}$$

• $$\frac{7}{90}$$

• $$\frac{7}{92}$$

• $$\frac{7}{18}$$

Multiple Choice

Look at the line graph.  Which statement is consistent with the line graph?

• The ability of air to hold moisture increases as temperature increases.
• The ability of air to hold moisture decreases as temperature increases.
• The ability of air to hold moisture decreases and then increases as temperature increases.
• The ability of air to hold moisture stays the same regardless of temperature. 

Multiple Choice

the amount of matter (particle) in an object

• mass

• length

• temperature

• volume

Multiple Choice

The steps commonly used by scientists in gathering information to test hypotheses and solve problems are called _____.

• descriptive research

• pure science

• applied science

• scientific method

Multiple Choice

The independent variable is the ONE thing you _____.

• change

• keep the same

• measure

• observe

Multiple Choice

Steve wanted to see if the type of fertilizer made sunflowers grow larger. What is the independent variable 

• Type of fertilizer
• Size of sunflower
• type of sun flower

Multiple Choice

Define a "prototype".

• A PROTOTYPE is the problem you have discovered.

• A PROTOTYPE is the conclusion you reach at the end of the Engineering Design Process.

• A PROTOTYPE is a test to determine if your solution works.

• A PROTOTYPE is the first sample created to test your solution.