photosynthesis

Light

Photosynthesis

Making

Raw materials:

1.Co2

2.H2O

3.light energy

Products

1.Glucose

2.O2

light energy

Chlorophyll

Carbon dioxide+ water………glucose+oxygen

6Co2+6H20………C6H12O6+6O2

Green Plant

Word

Symbolic/Chemical

Multiple Choice

Where does photosynthesis occur?

• mitochondria

• chloroplast

• animal cells

• ribosomes

Multiple Choice

What is the name of the pigment molecule that absorbs light energy and makes plants green?

• chloroplast

• glucose

• mitochondria

• chlorophyll

Multiple Select

Which of the following are products of photosynthesis? (Select 2)

• glucose

• light

• water

• oxygen

Multiple Choice

Am autotroph can:

• Make its own food

• Make its own water

• Make its own oxygen

• Make its own carbon

Multiple Choice

What type of energy conversion occurs in photosynthesis?

• Light from the sun to chemical in glucose

• Chemical in glucose to chemical in ATP

Multiple Choice

True or false: ATP is produced during photosynthesis

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are products of photosynthesis?

• glucose and oxygen

• glucose and water

• carbon dioxide and water

• ATP and sunlight

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a reactant of photosynthesis?

• oxygen

• carbon dioxide

• ATP

• glucose

Chloroplast
Co2

Water molecules

Chlorophyll pigment

Sun light

Convert light energy

to chemical

energy…to make

glucose

-

Photosynthesis:

Aerobic respiration:

Drawing Paper 6

Dicotyledonous leaf

Flower

Leaves

Stem

Root

6Co2+6H20……..C6H12O6+6O2

C6H12O6+6O2……..6Co2+6H2O+Energy

1.Co2

2.Water

3.Light energy

Transverse section of Dicotyledonous leaf under

microscope

Many chloroplast

Many chlorophyll

Atmosphere
High

concentration

of carbon

dioxide in

atmosphere

Low

concentration of

carbon dioxide

inside the leaf

1.many chloroplast

2.many chlorophyll

3.trap more light energy

4.more photosynthesis

Vascular bundle

Water

Xylem
Phloem

Food

1.Sucrose…respiration and

energy/ATP release

2.Amino acids…protein

synthesis and growth

1.Transport water

from root to leaves

2.Support the plant

Leaves

Roots

Root hair cells

Xylem

(Osmosis)

Sun….light energy

Waxy layer….transparent….allow light to pass

to reach chloroplast in palisade mesophyll cells

Chlorophyll in chloroplast

converts light energy into

chemical energy

Transparent….No

chloroplast….to trap light

by chloroplast in palisade

mesophyll cells

Cell X…200…Palisade

CellY…0…Upper epidermis

Cell Z…30….spongy

Leaf

Atmosphere

High

concentration

of oxygen

inside the leaf

Low

concentration

of oxygen in

the atmosphere

Multiple Choice

The leaf has a shiny, waxy cuticle around it to

• increase the rate of photosynthesis
• attract more light
• control water loss
• stop carbon dioxide and oxygen gases escaping

Multiple Choice

Most of the chloroplast cells are found in the

• upper epidermis
• pallisade mesophyll layer
• lower epidermis
• stomata

Multiple Choice

The water needed for photosynthesis comes into the leaves through the

• upper epidermis
• stomata
• guard cells
• xylem cells

Multiple Choice

The important gases, carbon dioxide and oxygen, enter and leave the leaf through the

• upper epidermis
• phloem
• stomata
• guard cells

Multiple Choice

The role of the guard cell is to

• help control the temperature of the plant
• control how much water enters the leaf
• control how much glucose is stored
• control the movement of water vapour & gases 

Multiple Choice

Which structure helps prevent water loss and protects the leaf?

• Palisades mesophyll
• Spongy mesophyll
• Vascular tissue
• Cuticle

Multiple Choice

What is the name of the elongated, packed cells (part G) directly under the upper epidermis?

• Palisade cells

• Guard cell

• Spongy layer

• Lower epidermis

Multiple Choice

What is letter "A" pointing to?

• cuticle

• upper epidermis

• lower epidermis

• palisade mesophyll

Multiple Choice

Which number is pointing to the xylem of the leaf?

• 3

• 4

• 5

• 6

Multiple Choice

Which number is pointing to the stomata?

• 6

• 7

• 8

• 9

Multiple Choice

Which part of the leaf consists of xylem and phloem?

• vascular bundle

• bundle sheath

• palisade mesophyll

• spongy mesophyll

Multiple Choice

Most photosynthesis occurs in this part of the leaf:

• upper epidermis

• cuticle

• palisade mesophyll

• spongy mesophyll

Multiple Choice

The outermost layer of CELLS of the leaf is the

• cuticle

• epidermis

• spongy mesophyll

• bundle sheath

Multiple Choice

This layer of cells is where photosynthesis occurs within the leaf; there are air spaces within this layer

• spongy mesophyll

• palisade mesophyll

• chloroplast

• upper epidermis

Multiple Choice

The cell organelle where photosynthesis occurs in plant cells is the

• chloroplast

• mitochondrion

• vacuole

• nucleus

Multiple Choice

The vascular tissue which transports sugar (food) in both directions within the leaf is the

• xylem

• phloem

• bundle sheath

• chloroplast

Multiple Choice

Which two layers of the plant contain chloroplasts?

• xylem and phloem

• upper and lower epidermis

• cuticle and upper epidermis

• palisade and spongy mesophyll

Multiple Choice

The majority of the stomata of a leaf can usually be found within the

• guard cells

• upper epidermis

• lower epidermis

• cuticle

Multiple Choice

The stomata are controlled by '________' shaped' guard cells

• Kentucky Fried Chicken

• Sausage

• Banana

• Pear

Multiple Choice

So from top to bottom, a leaf's structure is

• 1. Palisade cells
  2. Waxy cuticle and epidermis cells
  3. Spongy mesophyll
  4. Epidermis and cuticle, with stomata
• 1. Waxy cuticle and epidermis cells
  2. Palisade cells
  3. Spongy mesophyll
  4. Epidermis and cuticle, with stomata
• 1. Epidermis and cuticle, with stomata
  2. Waxy cuticle and epidermis cells
  3. Palisade cells
  4. Spongy mesophyll
• 1. Waxy cuticle and epidermis cells
  2. Spongy mesophyll
  3. Palisade cells
  4. Epidermis and cuticle, with stomata

Absorption of mineral ions will lower the

water potential….creates a water potential

gradient…absorb water by osmosis through

partially permeable membrane….guard cell

become turgid…stomata opens

Stomata opens:

1.High water potential in

the vacuole of guard cells

2.High light intensity

To reduce

water loss

Stomata closes:

1.Low water potential in

the vacuole of guard cells

2.High temperature

3.Low light intensity

Multiple Choice

Stomata are made of specialized cells called ______ which surround a tiny pore/opening

• stoma

• guard cells

• dermal cells

• diffusion channels

Multiple Choice

The main function of stomata is to

• capture sunlight

• protect leaves from insects

• allow gases to move rapidly in/out of leaves

• release sugars into the atmosphere

Multiple Choice

A stoma is

• an opening

• a clot

• a cell that captures light energy

• a water tube

Multiple Select

What happens to the guard cells when water is not available within a plant?

• The guard cells close.

• The guard cells open.

• The guard cells become double.

• The guard cells increase.

Multiple Choice

Guard cells are specialized cells in the surface of the leaf of a green plant.

The main function of these cells is to

• change the size of the stomate to regulate water loss

• close the stomate to keep dust and dirt out of the leaf

• close the stomate to keep dust and dirt out of the leaf

• close the stomate to keep dust and dirt out of the leaf

Bright light: Photosynthesis>Respiration…More O2…Less Co2

Dark night: Respiration> Photosynthesis…More Co2…Less O2

Dim light: Photosynthesis=Respiration…O2=Co2

PTR

Low Co2

High Co2

Co2=O2

C6H12O6+6o2….6Co2+6H20

Minerals requirement

Nitrate

Magnesium

Phosphate

Root hair cell absorption by

active transport against

concentration gradient using

ATP through specific protein

1.Nitrate…amino acids (CHO+N)…protein…growth…protein

synthesis…enzymes

No nitrate….poor stunted growth…weak stem

2.Magnesium….chlorophyll pigment….trap light energy…

photosynthesis

No magnesium…pale yellow leaves…chlorosis

3.Phosphate…nucleic acid(DNA)…cell division and protein

synthesis

No phosphate…poor growth

Multiple Choice

Plants need large amounts of nitrogen, so nitrogen is a_______

• micronutrient

• meganutrient

• macronutrient

• omninutrient

Multiple Choice

In order to make proteins, plants need to absorb

• Magnesium Ions

• Nitrate Ions

• Sucrose

• Carbon Dioxide

Multiple Choice

The following ions are necessary for the plants to absorb EXCEPT

• Nitrate

• Phosphate

• Magnesium

• Manganese

Multiple Choice

This ion is needed for the creation of chlorophyll

• Magnesium

• Iron

• Phosphate

• Sulphate

Multiple Choice

Which is a definition for photosynthesis?

• Releasing energy from nutrients

• The breaking down of large insoluble molecules into small soluble molecules

• The process by which plants make carbohydrates from raw materials using energy from light

• The movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration

Multiple Choice

In the middle of the day in winter in Shanghai which factor is most likely to limit the rate of photosynthesis?

• Number of guard cells

• Light intensity

• Water availability

• Temperature

Multiple Choice

What percentage of the Earth's atmosphere is carbon dioxide?

• 0.04%

• 0.4%

• 4%

• 40%

Multiple Choice

Why does the graph level off?

• Carbon dioxide is the limiting factor

• The stomata are not fully open

• Some factor other than the concentration of carbon dioxide is limiting

• The plant needs to be watered

Multiple Choice

What factor is likely to limit the rate of photosynthesis very early in the morning in a Shanghai summer?

• Concentration of carbon dioxide

• Water availability

• Light intensity

• Temperature

Multiple Choice

Which lettered graph represents the affect of light intensity on photosynthetic rate?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

When it is chilly and raining outside, there is no photosynthesis taking place. What is the limiting factor?

• Temperature
• Rainfall
• Carbon Dioxide

Multiple Choice

If a plant receives more carbon dioxide, what happens to the rate of photosynthesis?

• Increases
• Decreases
• Stays the same

Multiple Choice

What is a limiting factor?

• The factor which increases the rate of a reaction
• The factor that limits the reaction rate
• The factor that limits the rate at which an enzyme is destroyed

Multiple Choice

Which lettered graph represents the effect of temperature on photosynthetic rate?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

How does temperature affects photosynthesis rate?

• As temperature increases, photosynthesis rate also increases.
• As temperature decreases, photosynthesis rate also decreases.
• Plants cannot photosynthesis if the temperature is too cold or too hot. 
• All of the statements are true.

Light intensity

Rate of photosynthesis

Light intensity is

limiting factor

20 degree/ 0.1%

30 degree/0.5%

30 degree/0.1%

A

B

C

Temperature is

limiting factor

Light intensity

Rate of photosynthesis

A

0.01%

0.1%

B

Light intensity is limiting factors..Before A

Above A …Co2 concentration is limiting factor

Below B..Co2 concentration is limiting factor

Above B..Temperature is limiting factor

20 C

20 C

30 C

What is the importance of photosynthesis process?

Animals and

their human

activities

Plants

Global warming

“Enhanced Greenhouse Effect”

Green house gases:

1.Co2

2.Methane

3.CFC

Infrared rays

Ice pole

Ice pole

1.Rise in the earth’s temperature

2.Melting of ice caps

3.Rise in sea level

4.Flooding

5.Destruction of habitat

6.Extinction

7.Loss in biodiversity

Sun

100 molecule of oxygen

Animals Respiration

Photosynthesis
Plant

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