Atomic Structure and Periodic Table

Periodic Table Organization

Periods = rows (across)
- # of periods = 7
- Going across a period, the number of protons goes up

Groups = columns (up and down)
- # of groups = 18
- Elements in a group have similar properties

Lanthanide and Actinide Series

● Located under the periodic table, but they actually

belong in periods 6 and 7

● Lanthanides - period 6
● Actinides - period 7

Lanthanides

Actinides

Expanded periodic table

Why are lanthanides and actinides on the bottom?
So it's easier to fit the periodic table on piece of paper

LANTHANIDES

ACTINIDES

Multiple Choice

What element is in period 2 and group 13?

• lithium, Li

• beryllium, Be

• boron, B

• helium, He

Multiple Choice

What element is in period 5 and group 11?

• Copper, Cu

• silver, Ag

• Iron, Fe

• Vanadium, V

Multiple Choice

What element is in group 17 and period 3?

• Oxygen
• Chlorine
• Sulfur
• Fluorine

1. Metals

2. Metalloids

3. Nonmetals

Elements are organized into 3 classifications.

Label your periodic table (use arrows for metals and nonmetals, lightly shade metalloids)

1. Left side of stairs:

metals

2. Right side of stairs:

nonmetals

3. Touching the stair:

metalloids (B, Si,
Ge, As, Sb, Te, Po?, At?)

Not Aluminum!

METALS

Nonmetals

Metalloids

Multiple Choice

Most of the elements on the periodic table are

• metalloids

• metals

• nonmetals

• gases

Multiple Choice

Which of the following will have a larger radius than Zinc?

• Gallium

• Aluminum

• Magnesium

• Strontium

Multiple Choice

Which of these elements has a larger atomic radius?

• Lithium Li

• Fluorine F

• Carbon C

Valence Electrons

• These are the number of electrons found on the outermost energy level

• If you are still confused about valence electrons, watch the 4-minute video which will explain more about valence electrons. You will need to copy and paste the link into another browser tab.

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0hsh0VoFsts

To determine the # of valence electrons we look at the group an element is in.

Groups are the vertical columns within a periodic table. All elements in the same group will have the same number of valence electrons.

Multiple Choice

How many valence electrons does C have?

• 2

• 4

• 12

• 14

Multiple Choice

How many valence electrons does Ca have?

• 2

• 4

• 12

• 14

Multiple Choice

How many valence electrons does Cs have?

• 2

• 55

• 12

• 1

Multiple Choice

Which element has the same number of valence electrons as Cl?

• I

• Ar

• Al

• K

Multiple Choice

Which element has the same number of valence electrons as Kr?

• I

• Ar

• Al

• K

Multiple Choice

What is the atomic number?

• the number of protons
• the number of protons and neutrons
• the number of neutrons
• the number of protons and electrons

Multiple Choice

What is the mass number defined as?

• the number of protons
• the number of protons and neutrons
• the number of neutrons
• the number of protons and electrons

Multiple Choice

What is the atomic number of this atom?

• 1
• 3
• 4
• 7

Multiple Choice

What is the mass number of this atom?

• 1

• 3

• 4

• 7

Multiple Choice

What is the atomic number of Barium, Ba? (enlarge the periodic table)

• 20

• 38

• 56

• 88

Multiple Choice

What is the atomic number of Nickel? (enlarge the periodic table)

• 110

• 28

• 46

• 78

Multiple Choice

In order for an atom to be neutral what has to be true?

• The atom has more protons than neutrons
• The atom has more neutrons than protons
• The atom has the same number of protons and neutrons
• The atom has the same number of protons and electrons

Multiple Choice

What does the C represent?

• atomic mass
• atomic number
• element name
• chemical symbol