RNA PROCESSING AND TRANSLATION

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not a part of RNA processing in eukaryotic cells?

• Addition of a 5’ cap

• Removal of introns

• Addition of a poly-A tail

• Transcription of DNA to RNA

Fill in the Blanks

The 5’ end of the pre-mRNA is modified by the addition of a

, which helps protect the RNA and facilitate its export from the nucleus.

Match

Match the following RNA processing events with their descriptions:

• Splicing

• Polyadenylation

• Capping

Removal of introns and joining of exons

 Addition of a poly-A tail to the 3’ end

Addition of a modified guanine nucleotid

• Removal of introns and joining of exons

•  Addition of a poly-A tail to the 3’ end

• Addition of a modified guanine nucleotid

Categorize

Options (5)

RNA splicing

Addition of poly-A tail

Addition of 5’ cap

Translation of mRNA

Binding of tRNA to mRNA

Categorize the following components as either part of RNA processing or not:

Part of RNA splicing

Not Part of RNA Processing

Multiple Choice

What is the role of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase in the process of amino acid activation during translation?

• It catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids.

• It attaches a specific amino acid to its corresponding tRNA molecule, forming aminoacyl-tRNA.

• It removes introns from the pre-mRNA.

• It adds a 5’ cap to the mRNA.

Multiple Choice

What is the primary function of the A site on the ribosome during translation?

• It holds the tRNA carrying the growing polypeptide chain.

• It binds the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA, which carries the next amino acid to be added to the polypeptide chain.

• It is the site where the tRNA exits the ribosome after releasing its amino acid.

• It is the location where the ribosome binds to the mRNA.

Fill in the Blanks

The

site on the ribosome is responsible for holding the tRNA that carries the growing polypeptide chain during translation.

*write down full name of the site

Multiple Choice

During the initiation stage of translation, what is the correct sequence of events that occur?

•  The large ribosomal subunit binds to mRNA, followed by the binding of the small ribosomal subunit and initiator tRNA.

• The small ribosomal subunit binds to mRNA, the initiator tRNA carrying methionine binds to the start codon, and then the large ribosomal subunit binds to form the translation initiation complex.

• The initiator tRNA binds directly to the A site of the ribosome, and the small and large subunits assemble around it.

• The large ribosomal subunit binds to mRNA first, followed by the binding of tRNA and then the small ribosomal subunit.