Vertebrates and Invertebrates

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​backbone = spine

vertebrates are animals that have a backbone.

vertebrates means "with a backbone."

We can sort vertebrates into 5 groups

​fins

scales

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Fish are ​

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that live in water. They have ​

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instead of arms and legs. Their bodies are covered with ​

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.

​wet

​am-phi-bi-ans

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​

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, such as frogs, live in water and on ​

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. Their bodies are covered with a ​

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, wet skin.land

​rep-tiles

1. Tiles

2. Files

3. Miles

4. Styles

5. Smiles

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​

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, such as snakes, lizards and tortoises, are covered with dry ​

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. Most reptiles live on land. Some reptiles live in ​

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, for example crocodiles.

​wings

os-trich

1. train

2. rich

fea-thers

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Fill in the Blanks

Fill in the Blanks

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Birds are covered with ​

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. Birds have ​

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instead of arms. Most birds can fly. Some birds, like the ​

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, cannot fly.

​mam-mals

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​

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are covered with hair or ​

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. Most mammals live on land. Some mammals live in the sea, for example whales and ​

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.

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Match

Match the following

mammals

reptiles

amphibians

birds

fish

• mammals

• reptiles

• amphibians

• birds

• fish

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in-ver-te-brates are animals that do not have a backbone.

An exoskeleton is like a hard shell or suit that some animals wear on the outside of their bodies to protect them. Imagine a crab or a beetle. They have hard outer shells instead of bones inside their bodies like we do. These shells help protect them from getting hurt, kind of like armor.

ex-o-skeleton

Multiple Choice

Jellyfish and worms do not have an exoskeleton.

• TRUE

• FALSE

An identification key is like a special guide or set of questions that helps you figure out what something is.

Imagine you find a leaf or bug, and you want to know what kind it is. You can use an identification key to help!

identification key
i-den-ti-fi-ca-tion key

Scientists use identification keys to help them sort and identify objects, materials and living things. Identification keys are based on questions that can be answered either 'yes' or 'no'. By answering the questions, we can identify and name animals, or sort them into the right groups. Look at this example which identifies different types of vertebrates.

identification key
i-den-ti-fi-ca-tion key

He is sorting out the candies.

Scientists use identification key to sort out living things.

s-or-t out = clas-si-fy
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Audio Response

1. During our science class, we learned how to sort out rocks by their size and color to better understand the different types found in nature.

2. The students worked together to sort out and organize their science experiment materials, like beakers and test tubes, before starting the activity.

3. In the garden project, the teacher showed the children how to sort out seeds based on their shape and size to plant them in the correct spots.

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imagine you see a bird in your backyard. To identify it, you might notice what color it is, how big it is, and what its beak looks like. By using these clues, you can figure out what kind of bird it is.

identify (i-den-ti-fy)
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to figure out or find out what something is.

Can you identify the skeleton of the deer and fish?

identify (i-den-ti-fy)

to figure out or find out what something is.

Audio Response

Record you voice:

1. Sarah used a guidebook to identify the different types of trees she found on her hike.

2. The teacher helped the students identify the main idea of the story they read in class.

3. Scientists work hard to identify new species of animals and plants in the rainforest.

Open Audio Recorder

Multiple Choice

Vertebrate animals have a ________ inside their bodies with a backbone, while invertebrate animals do not have a backbone.

• heart

• skeleton

• lungs

Multiple Choice

Vertebrate animals have a skeleton inside their bodies with a backbone, while ______ animals do not have a backbone.

• fish

• reptiles

• invertebrate

Use the key to identify and name animals

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Multiple Choice

Invertebrates have bones.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

Invertebrates have bones.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

Some invertebrates have hard shells or coverings.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

Most large animals are invertebrates.

• TRUE

• FALSE