Transcription 9.18 Lesson

Biology:

Transcription

9.19.24

To-do list!
Virtual Textbook
1.

Live class topics this week
a.

DNA Replication

b.

Protein Synthesis

2.

Graded assignments
a.

DNA Replication Quiz

b.

ELD Lesson (review of cell
transport, photosynthesis and cell
respiration)

c.

Protein Synthesis Quiz

Georgia Standards of Excellence

SB2. Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information to analyze how genetic
information is expressed in cells.

a. Construct an explanation of how the structures of DNA and RNA lead to the
expression of information within the cell via the processes of replication,
transcription, and translation.

Today’s Goals:

1.

I can explain the process of transcription.

Mastery Minute

Did you watch the gossip video?

What nucleotide does Adenine hang out

with at Club RNA?

Multiple Choice

What nucleotide does Adenine (A) hang out with at club RNA?

• Adenine (A)

• Cytosine (C)

• Thymine (T)

• Guanine (G)

Multiple Choice

Proteins are made of ____________, and the sequence of these determines the shape and function of the protein.

• fatty acids

• amino acids

• nucleotides

• monosaccharides

Multiple Choice

What is the process where DNA is copied into RNA

• mutation

• transcription

• translation

• replication

Multiple Choice

Which enzyme is responsible for copying DNA into mRNA?

• Ligase

• Helicase

• RNA Polymerase

• DNA Polymerase

Multiple Choice

What are the non-coding regions that get removed from mRNA called?

• anticodons

• codons

• introns

• exons

The Flow of Genetic Information

Recall that genes are instructions for making specific
proteins, but they do not build the protein directly.

The flow of genetic information within a cell goes
from DNA to RNA to Protein.

This process is called protein synthesis and it happens
it two steps: Transcription and Translation.

Transcription: The Details

Transcription takes place in the nucleus.

DNA is used as a template to make a
molecule of mRNA

The strand of mRNA that is made is
complementary to a strand of DNA

​This means that it matches up, like when we replicated DNA

Transcription: More Details

RNA Polymerase signals the DNA to
unwind so that transcription can begin.

It’s an enzyme that reads the DNA and
builds the mRNA molecule using
complementary base pairs.

When RNA polymerase reaches a “stop”
sequence in the gene, transcription stops.

mRNA detaches from the DNA and heads
to the cytoplasm!

Multiple Choice

Transcription takes place in the nucleus because

• DNA is located only in the nucleus

• That is the only place that Uracil exists

• That is where everything happens

• RNA is located only in the nucleus

RNA Types

EOC Practice Question 2

All BUT one of the following are involved in the
transfer of genetic information from the nucleus to
the site of protein synthesis. That is

A. DNA
B. mRNA
C. RNA polymerase
D. CO2

Multiple Choice

Which type of RNA helps to build ribosomes?

• mRNA

• rRNA

• tRNA

EOC Practice Question 2

All BUT one of the following are involved in the
transfer of genetic information from the nucleus to
the site of protein synthesis. That is

A. DNA
B. mRNA
C. RNA polymerase
D. CO2

Multiple Choice

tRNA's job is to

• Help build ribosomes

• transfer the amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain

• send a message to the cell telling it what protein to make

EOC Practice Question 3

A student wants to model the process of
transcription. Based on the items the student
found (listed in the table), which items will the
student need to appropriately model the
process of transcription? Choose all that apply.

A.

Clothespin

B.Paperclip Chain

C.

Single String

D.

Small, round balloon

E.Double-sided, twisted string

Transcription: the “how”

Remember that to replicate a strand
of DNA we match up A - T and C - G

As we learned in our earlier video, for
Transcription, there’s a slight change!

A pairs up with U while C still pairs up
with G.

Transcription: Let’s practice!

Transcribe this strand of DNA:

ATG GCA TCC

UAC CGU AGG

​Did you get it right?

Multiple Choice

In the early 1900s, a scientist hypothesized a link between DNA and the production of proteins in the cytoplasm. However, the fact that DNA could not be found outside the nucleus led scientists to believe that another substance was also involved in transferring the information. 

In the 1940s, scientists performed an experiment that identified the molecule responsible for transporting information from the nucleus to the site of protein synthesis. What was this newly identified molecule?

• A gene

• mRNA

• ATP

• Thymine

Multiple Choice

All BUT one of the following are involved in the transfer of genetic information from the nucleus to the site of protein synthesis. That is

• DNA

• mRNA

• RNA Polymerase

• CO2 (Carbon Dioxide)

Multiple Select

A student wants to model the process of transcription. Based on the items the student found (listed in the table), which items will the student need to appropriately model the process of transcription? Choose all that apply.

• Clothespin

• Paperclip Chain

• Single String

• Small Rounded Balloon

• Double Sided Twisted string

Multiple Choice

Transcription makes a single-stranded RNA copy of a section of DNA (a gene).

Why do you think transcription is necessary?

• because proteins need to be made in the golgi.

• DNA is a petulant child and won’t leave his “room” (the nucleus).

• DNA cannot leave the nucleus but RNA can.

• because ribosomes won’t go to the nucleus.

Exit Ticket

Transcription makes a single-stranded RNA copy of
a section of DNA (a gene).

Why do you think transcription is necessary?

a. because proteins need to be made in the golgi.
b. DNA is a petulant child and won’t leave his
“room” (the nucleus).
c. DNA cannot leave the nucleus but RNA can.
d. because ribosomes won’t go to the nucleus.

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