AP Biology Enzymes Lesson

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes catabolic pathways in cellular metabolism?

• They consume energy to build complex molecules from simpler ones.

• They release energy by breaking down complex molecules into simpler compounds.

• They maintain a constant flow of materials in and out of the cell.

• They require ATP to power all chemical reactions in the cell.

Drag and Drop

Anabolic pathways are metabolic processes that ​

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​ energy to build ​​

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molecules from ​ ​

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compounds.

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consume

complex

simple

releases

simpler

intricate

Match

Match the Energy type to its definition:

• Kinetic

• Potential

• Thermal

• Chemical

Energy of motion

Stored energy

Energy related to temperature

Energy stored in chemical bonds

• Energy of motion

• Stored energy

• Energy related to temperature

• Energy stored in chemical bonds

Multiple Choice

What is the definition of entropy?

• Energy stored in chemical bonds.

• Disorder or randomness in a system.

• Heat energy released by a reaction.

• Work done by a system.

Open Ended

Cells create organized structures by taking in less organized starting materials (ie make proteins from amino acids). If this is true, how do cells not violate the 2nd law of thermodynamics?

Open Ended

In comparison to early life on Earth, organisms today are highly organized and complex. How does this increase in organization over time not violate the 2nd law of thermodynamics?

Categorize

Options (12)

Absorbs free energy

Likihood a reaction will occur

Not spontaneous

photosynthesis

ΔG＞0

reactions that release energy

Cellular Respiration

ΔG＜0

Reaction is spontaneous

ΔG = ΔH - TΔS

Organize these options into the correct categories:

Endergonic

Exergonic

Free Energy

Gibb's Free Energy Equation

Labelling

Label the ATP-ADP Cycle

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Endergonic

Energy Released

ADP

ATP

Energy Absorbed

Exergonic

Open Ended

If it takes nearly 1000 years for the hydrolysis of sucrose, then how is it possible that cells do this each day without waiting 1000 years?

Labelling

Label the diagram.

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Enzyme

Substrate

Product

Drag and Drop

Enzymes ​ ​

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chemical reactions by lowering the

​

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, the energy needed to start a reaction.

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speed up

activation energy

Labelling

Label the reactions on the bottom of the image as showing competitive or noncompetitive inhibition.

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Competitive Inhibitor

Noncompetitive Inhibitor

Labelling

Label the image.

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Allosteric Activation

Allosteric Inhibition

Open Ended

The common cold is a viral infection that affects the upper respiratory tract. Symptoms include a cough, runny nose, and fever. a) Identify what happens to the body when it has a fever. b) Explain why having a fever is beneficial in fighting off the virus. c) Explain why having a long-term fever (3+ days) can be dangerous to the human body.

Open Ended

The human body needs vitamins to function properly. For example, a deficiency in vitamin B 12 leads to muscle weakness and fatigue because the body is unable to produce red blood cells. a) Explain how vitamins function in the body and why they are necessary.