Properties of Objects in the Solar System

Early observers saw that the Sun and
other objects in the sky appeared and
disappeared. This led them to the
Geocentric Model published by
Ptolemy.

●The Earth was the most important
object in space and therefore the Earth
is the center of the universe.
Geo centric

●All objects in the sky move in a uniform
circular motion around the Earth and
the planets were perfect spheres.

Geocentric Model

Heliocentric Model

Copernicus was the first to publish the
Heliocentric Model.

●The Sun is the center of the universe.
Heliocentric

●Earth rotates on its axis and revolves
around the Sun along with the other
planets.

●The stars don’t actually move but
seem to due to the Earth’s rotation.

Heliocentric Model

Kepler revised this model!

The planets move in an

elliptical path instead of a

circular path.

Theheliocentric model DOES accurately
describe OUR solar system but NOT the
UNIVERSE.

✓

The Sun is at the center.

✓

Planets move in elliptical orbits
around the Sun.

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The planets do not emit their own
light, but instead reflect light from the
Sun.

The universe has no true center.

Kepler’s Modern Model

Multiple Choice

Which model of the solar system places Earth in the center?

• Geocentric

• Heliocentric

• Kepler's models

• Earthcentric

Match

Match the following

• Heliocentric

• Geocentric

• Kepler's Modern Model

• Elliptical

The Sun is in the center of the Universe

The Earth is the center of the Universe

Sun is the center of the solar system

Oval shape of the solar system

• The Sun is in the center of the Universe

• The Earth is the center of the Universe

• Sun is the center of the solar system

• Oval shape of the solar system

Multiple Choice

Identify the model

• Geocentric

• Solar System

• Heliocentric

Multiple Choice

This image illustrates what model?

• Geocentric

• Kepler's model

• Heliocentric

• Universe

Multiple Choice

What is are the difference between the Heliocentric Model and Kepler's Modern Heliocentric Model?

• Heliocentric model the sun is the center of the universe in circular revolution and Kepler's modern model the sun is the center of solar system in elliptical orbit.

• Heliocentric model the earth is the center of the universe in circular revolution and Kepler's modern model the sun is the center of solar system in elliptical orbit.

• Heliocentric model the sun is the center of the universe in elliptical revolution and Kepler's modern model the sun is the center of solar system in circular orbit.

• Heliocentric model the sun is the center of the solar system in circular revolution and Kepler's modern model the sun is the center of the universe in elliptical orbit.

Theories
& Models

Scientific Theories often can include models.

What do you remember about a scientific theory?

★

Tells Why or How something happens

★

Must be well-supported by evidence
(facts & data)

★

Can and will change when there is
new evidence.

Is the old information

thrown out?

Multiple Choice

What happens if there is new evidence for a scientific theory?

• All scientific theories are proven true with new evidence.
• New evidence can strengthen, revise, or lead to the rejection of a scientific theory.
• New evidence is ignored and has no impact.
• New evidence causes old theories to be discarded completely as it is considered no longer valid.

Multiple Choice

Scientific theories are based on...

• Reliable evidence which is why it is difficult to discard

• One scientist data

• Evidence that is not reliable which is why it can be changed easily

• A scientific law

Multiple Choice

Scientific theories tell

• What and why something happens

• Why or how something happens

• Cause and effect of something

• Facts and data of science laws

Multiple Choice

How is weight different from mass?

• 
  Weight is the gravitational pull on an object, while mass is the amount of matter in an object.

• Weight is the same as mass.
• 
  Weight is the amount of matter in an object, while mass is the gravitational pull on an object.

• 
  Weight is measured in kilograms, while mass is measured in newtons

Multiple Choice

If an object is taken to the Moon, how does its weight change compared to its weight on Earth?

• An object's weight remains the same as on Earth.
• An object's weight doubles on the Moon.
• An object's weight decreases

• An object's weight increases

Multiple Choice

If an object's mass is 10 kg on Earth, what is its mass on the Moon?

• 10 kg
• 10.5 kg
• 15 kg
• 5 kg

Multiple Choice

The larger the mass of an object, the small the gravitational force.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Which statement is correct

• Mass always changes depending on location while weight always stays the same.

• Mass doesn't changes depending on location while weight does change.

• Both mass and weight stay the same regardless of the location.

Multiple Choice

Why would someone's weight change if were to go to a different planet.

• The weight would not change

• The weight would change due to the gravitational force.

• The weight would change due to the mass changing.

• The weight would change because the the speed of the orbit.

What

information

does this

table

provide?

Multiple Choice

If a planet is further away from the Sun the

• The planet orbits in a circular path around the Sun.
• The planet has a longer orbital period and lower temperatures.
• The planet experiences more intense solar radiation.
• The planet has a shorter orbital period and higher temperatures.

Multiple Choice

You would expect planets that are closer to the Sun to

• have shorter period of revolution and higher temperatures

• remain at a constant distance from the Sun and have moderate temperatures.
• have no orbital periods and fluctuating temperatures.
• have longer period of revolution and lower temperatures.

Multiple Choice

What could impact the temperature of a planet?

• Planet's size
• Number of moons
• Presence of water
• Distance from the sun and atmospheric conditions

Multiple Choice

Jupiter has the greatest gravitational pull because

• Jupiter's large mass creates the greatest gravitational pull.
• Jupiter has no moons, which affects its gravity.
• Jupiter's distance from the Sun increases its gravitational pull.
• Jupiter is the smallest planet in the solar system.

Multiple Choice

How were planets created?

• Planets are created by the explosion of supernovae.
• Planets are created from the accumulation of dust and gas in a protoplanetary disk around a young star.
• Planets are made from the remnants of ancient comets.
• Planets are formed from the collision of asteroids in space.

Gravitational Force

● The larger the mass

the larger the
amount of gravity.

● The farther away the

object is the less
gravity.

● Every object in the universe is attracted to every other object

by a force known as gravity.

● The greater the mass the greater gravitational pull.

● The greater the distance the weaker the gravitational pull.

What about

gravity and the

Sun?

● Gravity is the force that keeps planets in orbit around the

Sun.

Multiple Choice

The main force at play during making of our solar system

• Gravity
• Friction
• Electricity
• Magnetism

Multiple Choice

Which statement is correct

• Dust particles collided and stuck together and more collisions formed planets

• An explosion is space created the planets we know today

• Planets were already created and due to gravity the Sun came to be.

• Dust particles collided and stuck together and more collisions formed the Sun.

Multiple Choice

What role does gravity play in the formation of planets and stars?

• 
  It has no effect on the formation of planets and stars.

• 
  It only affects the motion of planets, not their formation.

• It attracts objects towards each other, allowing them to form

• It repels objects away from each other.