Grade 10 Lesson 01

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INTRODUCTION ABOUT

COMPUTER SYSTEMS

GRADE

LESSON

System

Digestive system

Bicycle

System

• System is set of element/component working together to achieve a common goal

01. a set of things working together as parts of a
mechanism or an interconnecting network; a complex
whole.
"the state railway system"

02. a set of principles or procedures according to which
something is done; an organized scheme or method.
"the public school system"

Input
Output

Process

Interact

Multiple Choice

What is a system?

• A collection of unrelated elements

• A group of interacting or interrelated elements

• A single component functioning alone

• A random set of processes

Thermostat

Thermostat

device to detect temperature changes for the purpose of maintaining the temperature of an enclosed area essentially constant. In a system including relays, valves, switches, etc., the thermostat generates signals, usually electrical, when the temperature exceeds or falls below the desired value.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of an open system?

• A thermostat

• A rock

• The human body

• A sealed box

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of feedback in a system?

• The purpose of feedback in a system is to inform adjustments and improvements.
• To provide a final decision without changes.
• To eliminate the need for evaluation.
• To serve as a form of punishment for errors.

Multiple Choice

What is a closed system?

• A system that interacts with its environment

• A system that is isolated from its environment

• A system that exchanges energy with its surroundings

• A system with no components

Multiple Choice

What are inputs in a system?

• Inputs are resources, data, or signals provided to a system for processing.
• Inputs are the results generated by a system.
• Inputs are only physical materials used in manufacturing.
• Inputs are the final outputs of a system.

Multiple Choice

What is a subsystem?

• A subsystem is a type of hardware component.
• A subsystem is an independent system that operates alone.
• A subsystem is a smaller system within a larger system.
• A subsystem is a collection of unrelated parts.

Multiple Choice

The boundary of a system refers to:

• The processes that occur within the system.
• The internal components of the system.
• The limits that define the system and its environment.
• The physical structure of the system.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes an information system?

• A method for creating websites.
• A single database for storing files.
• A coordinated set of components for collecting, storing, processing, and disseminating data.
• A random collection of unrelated data.

Multiple Choice

How does a system interact with its environment?

• A system interacts with its environment by exchanging inputs and outputs.
• Only by producing outputs

• It doesn't interact with its environment

• By maintaining isolation

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not a component of a system?

• Input

• Feedback

• Environment

• User

IS HUMAN BRAIN A SYSTEM?

X

y

Memory

+

+

instructions

----------
------------
----------
-------------

=

Multiple Choice

What is the role of the brain in human-system interaction?

• Processing inputs from systems and giving appropriate outputs

• Controlling only the physical movements

• Storing all system data

• Generating random responses

Multiple Choice

Which part of the brain is most involved in decision-making during human-system interaction?

• Amygdala
• Cerebellum
• Hippocampus
• Prefrontal cortex

Data And Information

Data

• The numbers, words, images, sounds and

symbols which do not bear a meaning, when
standing alone are called data.

Examples

Name, Age, Marks, Height, Photograph, NIC No,
Country, Price, Salary

Data

Information

Processing

Quantitative data

Qualitative data

Information

• Data can be arranged and processed to

make meaningful result which is called as an Information.

Examples

Total Marks, Average Marks, List of Names in
Ascending order, Net Salary, Maximum No, Price
List

Data And Information

67,89, 90

Total=246

Total =67+89+90

Rani
Sitha
Anoja
Sapumali

Anoja
Rani
Sapumali
Sitha

Arrange in

Ascending order

Quantitative data is numbers-based, countable, or
measurable.
Quantitative data tells us how many, how much, or
how often in calculations.

​Qualitative data is interpretation-based, descriptive,
and relating to language. behind certain behaviors.
Qualitative data can help us to understand why, how, or
what happened

​Quantitative data

​Qualitative data

Multiple Choice

What is data?

• Raw, unprocessed facts and figures

• Processed facts and figures

• Data is a type of software.
• A set of rules

Multiple Choice

What is the process of converting data into information called?

• Data processing
• Data storage
• Information retrieval
• Data analysis

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of information?

• A personal diary
• A weather report
• A fictional story
• A recipe book

Multiple Choice

What makes data different from information?

• Data is raw facts; information is processed data with meaning.
• Data is always organized; information is not.
• Data is a summary of information; information is detailed facts.
• Data can be visualized; information cannot be represented visually.

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of processing data?

• To store data for future use.
• To store it

• To convert it into information

• To destroy it

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a type of data?

• color
• temperature
• length
• weight

Multiple Choice

Why is data important in decision-making?

• Data is only useful for large companies.
• It provides a factual basis for decisions

• Decisions should be made based on intuition alone.
• Data complicates the decision-making process.

Multiple Choice

What is the primary difference between data and information?

• Data is raw facts; information is processed data.
• Data and information are the same thing.
• Data is a collection of opinions; information is subjective.
• Data is processed information; information is raw facts.

COMPUTER

පරිගණකය
(Computer)

Data

Input

Process

Output

Information

Instruction

IS HUMAN BRAIN A SYSTEM?

X

y

Memory

+

+

instructions

----------
------------
----------
-------------

=

Open Ended

what are the main concept you have learn from human brain with relating to computer?

ID

OD

Storage

CPU

Instruction

Instruction

Data

Data

Information

Computer
දත්ත (Data)

උපෙදස් (Instruction)

ෙතාරතුරැ
(Information)

Process

Input

Output

Open Ended

what do you think about computer? can you define it?

DEFINITION OF THE COMPUTER

• COMPUTER IS AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE THAT INPUT DATA PROCESS AND OUTPUT REQUIRED

INFORMATION.

• SPEED OF THE COMPUTER IS THE MAIN ADVANTAGE OF THE COMPUTER SYSTEM WITH COMPARED

TO OTHER SYSTEM

COMPUTER DEFINITION

“COMPUTER IS AN ELECTRONIC SYSTEM THAT INPUT DATA BY HUMAN OR ANOTHER SYSTEM

THEN PROCESS AND STORE THAT DATA ACCORDING TO THE INSTRUCTION GIVEN AND OUTPUT
REQUIRED INFORMATION “

“A COMPUTER CAN BE DESCRIBED AS AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE, WHICH ACCEPTS OR COLLECTS
DATA, PROCESSES THEM ACCORDING TO THE GIVEN INSTRUCTIONS AND PRODUCES THE
DESIRED OUTPUT.”

AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE FOR STORING AND PROCESSING DATA, TYPICALLY IN BINARY FORM,

ACCORDING TO INSTRUCTIONS GIVEN TO IT IN A VARIABLE PROGRAM.

A PROGRAMMABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICE DESIGNED TO ACCEPT DATA, PERFORM PRESCRIBED

MATHEMATICAL AND LOGICAL OPERATIONS AT HIGH SPEED, AND DISPLAY THE RESULTS OF
THESE OPERATIONS.

Open Ended

what do you think about computer? can you define it?

PROGRAMMABLE CALCULATORS

1

3

2

5

12

11

10

9

8

7

6

4

14
15

16

13

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of hardware?

• Database Management System
• CPU
• Web Browser
• Operating System

Multiple Choice

What is the primary difference between data and information?

• Data is raw facts, while information is processed data.

• Data is processed information that is meaningful.
• Information is raw facts without context.
• Data is always more accurate than information.