01 The Nervous System and the Human Brain

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a function of oligodendrocytes?

• Producing myelin sheath

• Supporting neurons

• Transmitting nerve impulses

• Insulating nerve fibers

Multiple Choice

What is the primary function of Satellite Cells in nervous tissue?

• Form myelin sheath

• Protect neuron cell bodies

• Transmit nerve impulses

• Produce neurotransmitters

Multiple Choice

What is the role of Schwann Cells in the nervous system?

• Protect neuron cell bodies

• Form myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system

• Transmit electrical signals

• Support blood-brain barrier

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a function of Satellite Cells?

• Protect neuron cell bodies

• Form myelin sheath

• Support neurons

• Regulate chemical environment

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a major region of a neuron?

• Mitochondria

• Ribosome

• Cell Body

• Chloroplast

Draw

Draw and label "typical" neuron.

Multiple Choice

In the diagram of a multipolar neuron, which part is labeled as the cell body?

• The part with many extensions

• The long, thin part

• The central part with the nucleus

• The end part with branches

Multiple Choice

What is the role of dendrites in a unipolar neuron?

• To transmit signals away from the neuron

• To receive signals from other neurons

• To store energy

• To protect the neuron

Multiple Choice

What is the primary function of sensory (afferent) neurons?

• Carry impulses from the central nervous system

• Detect stretch in the skeletal muscles

• Carry impulses from the sensory receptors

• Control muscle contractions

Multiple Choice

Which type of neurons carry impulses from the central nervous system?

• Sensory (afferent) neurons

• Motor (efferent) neurons

• Proprioceptors

• Cutaneous sense organs

Multiple Choice

What informs the CNS of the position of the body and movement of limbs?

• Cutaneous sense organs

• Motor neurons

• Proprioceptors

• Sensory receptors

Multiple Choice

What is the primary function of interneurons?

• To transmit signals to muscles

• To connect sensory and motor neurons

• To produce hormones

• To regulate blood flow

Multiple Choice

What is the synaptic cleft?

• A type of neuron

• A gap between adjacent neurons

• A neurotransmitter

• A type of axon

Multiple Choice

What is the charge inside a neuron compared to the outside?

• More negatively charged

• More positively charged

• Neutral

• Equally charged

Multiple Choice

Which ion is primarily responsible for the rapid depolarization phase of an action potential?

• K⁺

• Cl⁻

• Na⁺

• Ca²⁺

Multiple Choice

During which phase do Na⁺ channels close and K⁺ channels open?

• Rapid depolarization

• Resting potential

• Repolarization

• Hyperpolarization

Multiple Choice

What is the role of voltage-gated Na⁺ channels during an action potential?

• They allow K⁺ to rush into the neuron

• They allow Na⁺ to rush into the neuron

• They allow Cl⁻ to rush into the neuron

• They allow Ca²⁺ to rush into the neuron

Multiple Choice

What is the function of the myelin sheath?

• To generate electrical impulses

• To speed up the transmission of impulses

• To store neurotransmitters

• To connect neurons to each other

Multiple Choice

What is the function of excitatory neurotransmitters?

• Decrease the likelihood of action potentials (APs)

• Increase the likelihood of action potentials (APs)

• Stop the transmission of signals

• Maintain the current state of the neuron

Multiple Choice

Which neurotransmitter is crucial for communication between motor neurons and muscles?

• Dopamine

• Serotonin

• Acetylcholine (ACh)

• GABA

Multiple Choice

What disorders can result from dysregulation of dopamine?

• Diabetes and hypertension

• Asthma and allergies

• Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia

• Arthritis and osteoporosis

Multiple Choice

Low levels of which neurotransmitter are linked to depression and anxiety disorders?

• Serotonin

• Norepinephrine

• Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid

• Acetylcholine

Multiple Choice

What is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain?

• Serotonin

• Norepinephrine

• Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid

• Acetylcholine