Galaxies and the Origin of the Universe

November 18-22

Bell ringer

Hook

Lesson

Practice

Closure

Gravity and

Galaxies

Origin of the

Universe

Bell ringer

Hook

Lesson

Practice

Closure

Review

Bell ringer

Hook

Lesson

Practice

Closure

Test

Test

Review

Galaxies and the Origin
of universe

*Teacher instructions on speaker notes

.
..

Monday

November 18

Bell Ringer

Discuss the difference in appearance between the

three types of galaxies.

1

HOOK

Hypothetically, what would happen to the galaxy if

gravity was non existent?

2

Content Objective

8.9B- categorize galaxies as spiral, elliptical,and irregular
and locate Earth's solar system within the Milky Way galaxy

Language Objective

Students will participate in discussions and group sharing activities using
content-based terms and common abstract vocabulary.
Students will participate in shared writing activities using the English
language

3

I CAN distinguish between different types

of galaxies based off of their shape.

I WILL distinguish between different

types of galaxies by discussing,

observing, listening and writing about it.

3

●The universe is made up of billions of
galaxies.

●A galaxy is a system of gas, dust,
planets, and millions or billions of
stars.

●The Milky Way, a spiral-shaped galaxy,
contains thousands of solar systems.

●Earth’s Solar System is located on the
outer spiral arm of the Milky Way
galaxy.

Galaxies

Question
Talking stem

A _____ is larger…

Turn and Talk

Which is larger:
● A star or a galaxy?
● A galaxy or a solar

system?

● A galaxy or a

universe?

3A

Gravity

●All of these systems are held
together by a force called gravity.

●Gravity is an attractive, or pulling,
force that exists between all
objects in the universe.

○

●The force of gravity between two
objects depends on their masses
and the distance between them.

○

●The greater the masses and the
shorter the distance, the stronger
the force of gravity.

Question
Talking stem

The force of gravity between
two objects would increase
if…

Think-pair-share

Which of these changes
would increase the force of
gravity between two
objects?

A. Decreasing the mass
B. Increasing the mass
C. Increasing the distance

between two objects.

3A

Different types of galaxies

Galaxies are categorized by their
shapes. There are three shapes of
galaxies:
●Spiral- these galaxies have spiral
arms, a flat disk, a central bulge,
and consist mostly of younger
stars.

●Elliptical- these galaxies have an
oval or round shape and consist
mostly of older stars.

●Irregular- These galaxies have an
odd shape and consist of both
older and younger stars.

Question

Talking stem

The shape of galaxy 1 is…
galaxy 2 is… and galaxy 3
is…

Turn and Talk

The image below represents
models of galaxies in the
universe. What is the shape
of each galaxy?

3A

The Solar system

● Remember: our Sun is

located in a spiral galaxy
called the Milky Way.

● Our Sun is NOT located in

the middle of the Milky
Way. Instead we are
located on one of the
outer arms.

Question
Talking stem

I think a galaxy is… and
earth is located on…

Turn and Talk

1. What is a galaxy?
2. Where is earth’s

solar system
located in the
Milky Way
galaxy?

3A

Light-Years

● Objects in space are so far apart. The distance between

two objects is a huge number of miles- so many miles it
doesn't make sense to use that unit of measurement.
○ So we say that 1 light year = 5.8 trillion miles.

● Scientists use light years to measure distances in

space, because a light year is a long (and appropriate)
distance.

On your
own:
Classify
the
galaxies
into the
correct
category.

PRINT VERSION

Practice

4

On your own: Draw a line to Match the examples below to the correct galaxy.
Optional extension Practice

4

Multiple Choice

A huge system of millions or billions of stars, together with gas and dust, held together by gravity.

• galaxy

• solar system

• nebula

• asteroid

Multiple Choice

A random scattered type of galaxy that does not form a distinct shape or pattern.

• irregular galaxy

• spiral galaxy

• elliptical galaxy

• random galaxy

Multiple Choice

A flat, disk-shaped galaxy with a central bulge and winding "arms" that extend outward.

• irregular galaxy

• spiral galaxy

• elliptical galaxy

• random galaxy

Multiple Choice

The most abundant type of galaxy that has a smooth circular or oval shape.

• irregular galaxy

• spiral galaxy

• elliptical galaxy

• random galaxy

Multiple Choice

A light year is the measurement of ________ light travels in one year.

• time

• distance

Multiple Choice

A scientist that studies stars, planets, and other objects in space.

• astrologist

• zoologist

• astronomer

• plantologist

Multiple Choice

All of space and everything in it.

• planet

• solar system

• galaxy

• universe

Multiple Choice

The milky way is the ______ galaxy in which we live in.

• irregular

• spiral

• elliptical

Multiple Choice

This type of galaxy contains a lot of dust and gas.

• irregular

• spiral

• elliptical

• all galaxies

Multiple Choice

This type of galaxy contains very little dust and gas.

• irregular

• spiral

• elliptical

• all galaxies

Multiple Choice

This type of galaxy contains only young stars.

• irregular

• spiral

• elliptical

• all galaxies

Multiple Choice

This type of galaxy contains only old stars.

• irregular

• spiral

• elliptical

• all galaxies

Multiple Choice

This type of galaxy contains a mixture of all ages of stars.

• irregular

• spiral

• elliptical

• all galaxies

Multiple Choice

Identify the galaxy in the image.

• irregular

• spiral

• elliptical

• none listed

Multiple Choice

Identify the galaxy in the image.

• irregular

• spiral

• elliptical

• none listed

Multiple Choice

Identify the galaxy in the image.

• irregular

• spiral

• elliptical

• none listed

Multiple Choice

Identify the galaxy in the image.

• irregular

• spiral

• elliptical

• none listed

Multiple Choice

Identify the galaxy in the image.

• irregular

• spiral

• elliptical

• none listed

Multiple Choice

Identify the galaxy in the image.

• irregular

• spiral

• elliptical

• none listed

Lesson Closure

Summarize what you learned
today. Make sure to include

gravity, the types of galaxies and
the location of our solar system.

5

Multiple Choice

Identify the galaxy in the image.

• irregular

• spiral

• elliptical

• none listed