Chapter 9 Understanding the Atom

Multiple Choice

According to Democritus, what are atoms?

• Large objects that can be divided

• Small objects that cannot be divided, created, or destroyed

• Invisible forces

• Energy particles

Multiple Choice

How do atoms combine according to John Dalton?

• In random ratios

• In specific ratios

• In equal parts

• In varying sizes

Multiple Choice

Who proposed the atomic theory in the late 1700s?

• Isaac Newton

• Albert Einstein

• John Dalton

• Niels Bohr

Multiple Choice

What surrounds the nucleus of an atom?

• Protons

• Neutrons

• Electron cloud

• Nucleus

Multiple Choice

What are the rings around the nucleus called?

• Nuclei

• Protons

• Neutrons

• Orbitals or shells

Multiple Choice

What charge do protons have?

• Negative

• Neutral

• Positive

• No charge

Multiple Choice

Where are protons located in an atom?

• Outside the nucleus

• Inside the nucleus

• In the electron cloud

• In the outer shell

Multiple Choice

What is the atomic mass unit (amu) of one neutron?

• 0 amu

• 1 amu

• 2 amu

• 0.5 amu

Multiple Choice

What did J.J. Thomson use to demonstrate the bending of cathode rays?

• Light bulb

• Cathode ray tube

• Magnet

• Battery

Multiple Choice

What is the charge of an electron?

• Positive

• Negative

• Neutral

• No charge

Multiple Choice

Which scientist is known for the discovery of the electron?

• Ernest Rutherford

• Niels Bohr

• J.J. Thomson

• James Chadwick

Multiple Choice

What is the primary component of the atomic nucleus?

• Electrons

• Protons and neutrons

• Quarks

• Leptons

Multiple Choice

Which subatomic particle has a positive charge?

• Neutron

• Proton

• Electron

• Molecule

Multiple Choice

What element did Bohr experiment with by adding electrical energy?

• Helium

• Oxygen

• Hydrogen

• Carbon

Multiple Choice

What is the relationship between quarks and neutrons?

• Quarks make up neutrons

• Neutrons make up quarks

• Quarks and neutrons are the same

• Neutrons are a type of quark

Multiple Choice

What is the role of neutrons in an atom?

• To provide a positive charge

• To stabilize the nucleus

• To orbit the nucleus

• To carry electrical energy

Multiple Choice

What is the significance of Democritus and Aristotle in the study of matter?

• They discovered quarks

• They developed early ideas about atoms

• They invented the MRI

• They created the particle zoo

Multiple Choice

Which scientist is credited with the discovery of the neutron?

• Albert Einstein

• James Chadwick

• Niels Bohr

• Ernest Rutherford

Multiple Choice

What is the charge of a neutron?

• Positive

• Negative

• Neutral

• No charge

Multiple Choice

What are leptons?

• Particles that make up protons

• A group of particles including the electron

• Particles that carry forces

• Particles that have not been observed

Multiple Choice

What is the primary difference between isotopes of the same element?

• Number of protons

• Number of electrons

• Number of neutrons

• Number of orbitals

Multiple Choice

What is the smallest unit of an element that retains its chemical properties?

• Molecule

• Atom

• Proton

• Electron

Multiple Choice

Which scientist proposed the planetary model of the atom?

• J.J. Thomson

• Niels Bohr

• Ernest Rutherford

• James Chadwick

Multiple Choice

What does the Periodic Table show?

• All the different molecules on Earth

• All the different atoms there are on Earth

• All the different compounds on Earth

• All the different mixtures on Earth

Multiple Choice

What is the atomic number of Sodium?

• 10

• 11

• 12

• 13

Multiple Choice

What is the name of the element with the symbol 'N'?

• Neon

• Nitrogen

• Nickel

• Sodium

Multiple Choice

What is the atomic number of Nitrogen?

• 6

• 7

• 8

• 9

Multiple Choice

What did Becquerel notice about the mineral the next day after leaving it in the drawer?

• It emitted energy even in the dark

• It lost its color

• It became heavier

• It dissolved

Multiple Choice

What did Becquerel use to detect the energy emitted by the minerals?

• A photographic plate

• A thermometer

• A barometer

• A voltmeter

Multiple Choice

What is emitted during beta decay?

• Alpha particle

• Electron

• Gamma ray

• Neutron

Multiple Choice

What do gamma rays contain?

• Particles

• A lot of energy

• Neutrons

• Protons

Multiple Choice

What does the atomic mass represent?

• Protons only

• Neutrons only

• Protons + Neutrons

• Electrons only

Multiple Choice

What is the symbol for Nitrogen?

• Ni

• Ne

• N

• Na

Multiple Choice

What is the atomic mass of Nitrogen?

• 14.01 u

• 12.01 u

• 16.00 u

• 1.01 u

Multiple Choice

What is the primary difference between isotopes of the same element?

• Number of protons

• Number of neutrons

• Number of electrons

• Number of molecules

Multiple Choice

What do isotopes of an element share in common?

• Same atomic mass

• Same number of neutrons

• Same number of protons

• Same chemical properties

Multiple Choice

What is nuclear decay?

• A process where a stable nucleus emits radiation

• A process where an unstable atomic nucleus changes into a more stable nucleus by emitting radiation

• A process where an atom gains electrons

• A process where a nucleus splits into two smaller nuclei

Multiple Choice

Which of the following describes a negative ion?

• An atom that has lost electrons

• An atom that has gained electrons

• An atom that has lost protons

• An atom that has gained protons

Multiple Choice

What is the charge of a proton?

• Positive

• Negative

• Neutral

• Variable

Multiple Choice

Which element has the atomic number 8?

• Carbon

• Oxygen

• Hydrogen

• Nitrogen

Multiple Choice

What is the primary component of the sun?

• Helium

• Oxygen

• Hydrogen

• Carbon

Multiple Choice

What is the charge of an electron?

• Positive

• Negative

• Neutral

• Variable

Multiple Choice

Which element has the atomic number 1?

• Helium

• Hydrogen

• Oxygen

• Carbon

Multiple Choice

What is the primary component of Earth's atmosphere?

• Oxygen

• Nitrogen

• Carbon Dioxide

• Argon

Multiple Choice

What is the symbol for the element with atomic number 8?

• O

• H

• C

• N

Multiple Choice

What is the charge of a neutron?

• Positive

• Negative

• Neutral

• Variable

Multiple Choice

Which element is most abundant in the universe?

• Helium

• Oxygen

• Hydrogen

• Carbon