DNA Replication Lesson

Multiple Choice

Accidently discovered Transformation

• Rosalind Franklin

• Erwin Chargaff

• Fredrick Griffith

• Watson and Crick

Open Ended

Why is it that the live non-virulent strain of bacteria became virulent and killed the mice in Fredrick Griffith's experiment?

Open Ended

How did Avery, Macleod, and Mccarty extend upon Griffith's experiment?

Multiple Choice

In the early 1900s, most scientists thought it was _____________ that carried traits form parent to offspring. 

• Carbohydrates
• Lipids
• Proteins
• DNA

Multiple Choice

By using radioactive isotopes, Hershey and Chase were able to conclude that __ is/are the carrier(s) of genetic information.

• nucleic acid
• Proteins
• Carbohydrates
• Lipids

Multiple Choice

Griffith discovered that

• DNA is different than RNA.
• adenine = thymine.
• bacteria can transfer DNA.
• DNA is the genetic molecule.

Multiple Choice

What organism was Griffith using when he discovered that a harmless strain of bacteria could transform into a lethal strain of bacteria?

• pea plants
• fruit flies
• bacteriophages
• mice

Multiple Choice

Who FIRST showed that DNA was the transforming factor?

• Griffith

• Avery

• Chargaff

• Franklin

Multiple Choice

What did Avery use to destroy proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates to show that DNA was the transforming factor?

• Bacteriophages
• X-ray diffraction
• Enzymes
• Radioactive isotopes

Multiple Choice

Which scientists used viruses and radioactive isotopes to definitively prove that DNA, and not protein, was the molecule of heredity?

• Griffith and Avery
• Chargaff and Franklin
• Watson and Crick
• Hershey and Chase

Multiple Choice

Which two radioactive isotopes were used to label the DNA and protein components of viruses called bacteriophages?

• Nitrogen and Phosphorus
• Phosphorus and Sulfur
• Nitrogen and Sulfur

Multiple Choice

What does DNA stand for?

• Deoxyribonacent Acid
• Dextroribonucleic Acid
• Deoxyribonucleic Acid
• Dinitrogen Acid

Multiple Choice

Which 2 molecules forms the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?

• deoxyribose and adenine
• deoxyribose and a hydrogen bond
• sugar and the nucleus
• deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate

Multiple Choice

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

• sugar, hydrogen, nitrogen base
• sugar, oxygen, nitrogen base
• sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
• sugar, phosphate, protein

Multiple Choice

What is the complement to the DNA strand below:
5'-ATGCCAT-3'

• 5'-TACGGTA-3'
• 3'-TACGGTA-5'
• 3'-ATGGCAT-5'
• 5'-ATGGCAT-3'

Multiple Choice

What is the complement to the DNA strand below:
5'-ATGCCAT-3'

• 5'-TACGGTA-3'
• 3'-TACGGTA-5'
• 3'-ATGGCAT-5'
• 5'-ATGGCAT-3'

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a base pair?

• Adenine - Cytosine

• Cytosine - Thymine

• Deoxyribose - Cytosine

• Cytosine - Guanine

Multiple Choice

If a DNA molecule has 30% Guanine bases, how many Cytosine bases will it have?

• 30%

• 25%

• 20%

• 10%

Multiple Choice

The DNA sequence is TTA CCG What is the complementary sequence?

• TTA CCG

• AAT GGC

• GGC AAT

Multiple Choice

What does the term antiparallel refer to?

• the two strands are connected upside down

• the the DNA is made of two strands

• DNA twists

• DNA copies itself from bottom up to the top of the strand

Multiple Choice

Semiconservative replication is how DNA reproduces. What does it mean

• DNA will only partially copy itself

• One strand is kept as a template to build the other new strand

• One strand is upside down to the other strand.

• One strand is made of DNA while the other strand is made of proteins

Multiple Choice

What does it mean to say DNA replication is "semi-conservative?"

• A new strand is built from an original strand
• A new strand is built from nothing

Multiple Choice

The Meselson-Stahl experiment demonstrated that DNA replication produces two DNA molecules each composed of

• Two old strands

• Two new strands

• One old strand and one new strand

• two strands with variable proportions of new and old DNA.

Multiple Choice

Starting with ¹⁵N¹⁵N (heavy) DNA, and after Two generations in the ¹⁴N medium, E. coli cells will produce the following band(s) in density-gradient centrifugation:

• a single band of DNA with medium density.

• one band of light DNA and one band of DNA with medium density.

• one band of heavy DNA and one band of DNA with medium density.

• one band of heavy DNA and one band of light DNA.

• three bands corresponding to DNA of light, medium and heavy density.

Multiple Choice

During replication of a bacterial chromosome DNA synthesis starts from a replication origin site and

• DNA primers are involved

• is facilitated by telomerase

• moves in one direction of the site

• moves in bi-directional way

Open Ended

What are the three stages of replication?

Multiple Choice

Based on the diagram, the enzyme (represented in gray) is most likely...

• DNA polymerase
• DNA Ligase
• Nuclease
• Helicase

Multiple Choice

DNA Polymerase copies in what direction?

• 3' to 5' direction
• 5' to 5' direction
• 3' to 3' direction
• 5' to 3' direction