Semester 1 Exam Review BIOLOGY

Multiple Choice

Consumer that eats plants

• heterotroph
• herbivore
• producer
• community

Multiple Choice

Series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten

• foodweb
• consumer
• food chain
• omnivore

Multiple Choice

In the food web shown, the snail would be considered...

• primary consumer
• secondary consumer
• tertiary consumer
• producer

Multiple Choice

In this photo, what is an abiotic factor?

• Deer

• Grass

• rain

Multiple Choice

In the energy pyramid here, which organisms have the most energy available?

• Producers
• Carnivores
• Herbivores
• Top Predator

Multiple Choice

Which phrase best describes an ecosystem (Biotic and Abiotic factors)?

• Gaggle of geese, parliament of owls, and troupe of gorilla

• Sun, rain, rocks

• School of fish, sand, army of frogs, temperature

• A group of the same species living in a particular area

Multiple Choice

What percentage of energy is passed on to the next trophic level?

• 5%

• 10%

• 50%

• 90%

Multiple Choice

Carbon cycles through the biosphere in all of the following processes EXCEPT

• photosynthesis

• transpiration

• burning of fossil fuels

• decomposition of plants and animals

Multiple Choice

Identify the cycle pictured.

• The Water cycle
• The Carbon cycle
• The Nitrogen cycle
• The Phosphorus cycle

Multiple Choice

Denitrification is the process by which bacteria

• Make ammonium

  NH₄⁺

• Create Nitrate

  NO₃^-

• Create Nitrite

  NO₂^-

• Return nitrogen gas to the air

  N₂

Multiple Choice

Ammonification is the process by which decomposers convert wastes and dead organisms into ____.

• ammonium

  NH₄⁺

• Nitrate

  NO₃^-

• Nitrite

  NO₂^-

• nitrogen gas

  N₂

Multiple Choice

What is the role of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?

• Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into carbon dioxide in the nitrogen cycle.

• Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form for plants in the nitrogen cycle.

• Nitrogen-fixing bacteria break down nitrogen compounds into atmospheric nitrogen in the nitrogen cycle.

• Nitrogen-fixing bacteria release nitrogen gas into the atmosphere in the nitrogen cycle.

Multiple Choice

In the carbon cycle, the only process that removes CO2 from the atmosphere is

• combustion

• cellular respiration

• decomposition

• photosynthesis

Multiple Choice

If the plant population decreased, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would _________.

• Stay the same

• Increase

• Decrease

Multiple Select

Check all the ways that carbon dioxide is ADDED to the atmosphere.

• Respiration

• Combustion

• Photosynthesis

• Diffusion

• Decomposition

Multiple Choice

Which biome has the greatest amount of biodiversity?

• Taiga

• Desert

• Rainforest

• Savanna

Multiple Choice

Permafrost is a layer of permanently frozen soil found in the ____ biome.

• Grasslands

• Savanna

• Tundra

• Deciduous Forest

Multiple Choice

Which biome has 4 seasons?

• Taiga
• Tundra
• Grasslands
• Temperate Forest

Multiple Choice

Which biome is home to lions, zebras, wildebeests, giraffes, and elephants?

• Grasslands
• Tundra
• Rainforest
• Temperate Forest

Multiple Choice

Both species benefit

• symbiosis

• parasitism

• mutualism

• commensalism

Multiple Choice

One species benefits, the other is unaffected

• symbiosis

• parasitism

• mutualism

• commensalism

Multiple Choice

Barnacles create home sites by attaching themselves to whales. As the barnacle is a filter feeder, it also gets access to more water (and more food) due to the relationship. Whale is unaffected.

• symbiosis

• parasitism

• mutualism

• commensalism

Multiple Choice

Ostriches and gazelles feed next to each other. They both watch for predators. Because the visual abilities of the two species are different, they can each identify threats that the other animal may not see as readily.

• symbiosis

• parasitism

• mutualism

• commensalism

Multiple Choice

Mistletoe extracts water and nutrients from the spruce tree to the detriment (ill effect) to the spruce

• symbiosis

• parasitism

• mutualism

• commensalism

POPULATION LIMITING FACTORS:

• When factors are affected by the size of the population they

are:

- DENSITY DEPENDENT FACTORS
- Ex. food, shelter, water, etc.

• When factors are not affected by the size of the population,

they are:

- DENSITY INDEPENDENT FACTORS
• Ex. weather, climate, etc.

Multiple Choice

The graph below shows population growth of a fruit fly population over time.

The fruit fly population growth over time is an example of:

• Exponential growth

• Logistic growth

Multiple Choice

Carrying Capacity is

• the capacity of what one person can carry per day 
• how many animals you have in your daily bag limit at the end of the year
• wildebeest at a watering hole with zebras
• the maximum number of individuals that the environment can support

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a density-independent limiting factor?

• natural disaster
• predation
• disease
• parasitism

Multiple Choice

The graph below shows population growth of a fruit fly population over time.

Point  ______________ shows that the fruit fly population has reached carrying capacity.

• Point 1

• Point 2

• Point 3

Multiple Choice

Natural disasters such as flooding and tornadoes are linked to ________________.

• primary
• secondary
• old field
• ecosystem

Multiple Choice

How do lichens contribute to primary succession?

• Lichens decompose organic matter from animals and plants
• Lichens begin to break down rock to form soil
• Lichens are nitrogen fixing bacteria
• Lichens convert carbohydrates into fossil fuels.

Multiple Choice

What is formed during primary succession that doesn't need to be formed during secondary succession?

• pioneer species
• soil
• climax community
• lichens

Multiple Choice

What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?

• primary succession
• eutrophication
• secondary succession
• intermediate

Multiple Choice

After a forest fire, an ecosystem would start regrowth through -

• primary succession
• secondary succession
• climax community
• limiting factors

Multiple Choice

Which catastrophic event will most likely have the effect of returning an ecosystem to primary succession?

• A tornado
• A volcanic eruption
• A flood
• A drought

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are the 4 essential elements that make up 96% of living matter?

• H, O, N, P

• C, O, N, H

• C, O, S, H

• O, S, P, N

Multiple Choice

What is the term for combining 2 or more DIFFERENT atoms together?

• atoms

• elements

• molecules

• compounds

Multiple Choice

Which is the smallest particle of an element that has the same properties as that element?

• atom

• molecule

• electron

• neutron

Multiple Choice

H₂O is most accurately described as a ___________________.

• molecule

• compound

• element

• atom

Multiple Choice

An atom with atomic number 6 would have how many protons?

• 6

• 12

• 3

• Cannot be determined 

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a negatively charged subatomic particle?

• Electron

• Proton

• Neutron

• Quark

Multiple Choice

An ion is when an atom has a

• proton

• neutron

• charge

• electron

Multiple Choice

Unequal sharing of electrons is called

• Non-polar covalent

• Polar covalent

• Ionic

• Crazy

Multiple Choice

Polar means

• both sides of the molecule are negative

• one side of the molecule is more negative and one is more positive

• both sides are equal

• neither atom has a great pull

Multiple Choice

What word describes when water is attracted to other substances?

• cohesion
• adhesion
• capillary action
• surface tension

Multiple Choice

Attractions between the negative Oxygen atom of one water molecule and the positive Hydrogen atom of another water molecule are called

• Covalent bonds
• Ionic bonds
• Polar bonds
• Hydrogen bonds

Multiple Choice

Why does ice float?

• As water freezes, it expands and its density decreases.
• As water freezes, it takes up more hydrogen from the atmosphere, causing it to have a greater buoyancy.
• As water freezes, air becomes trapped between the hydrogen bonds of water molecules.
• As water freezes, it takes up more oxygen from the atmosphere, causing it to have a greater buoyancy.

Multiple Choice

Water is a universal solvent because it...

• It can be found anywhere
• It freezes when it gets cold
• floats when frozen
• Dissolves most substances

Multiple Choice

 Small insects can walk across the surface of calm water. Their feet push the surface of the water down slightly, somewhat like a person walking across a trampoline, but they do not break the surface. What is the best explanation for why this happens?

• The insects are light enough so that they do not break the hydrogen bonds holding the water molecules together
• The insects actually use their wings to hover slightly above the water's surface and they only skim it with their feet
• The insects' feet are non-polar, so they are repelled by the polar water molecules and are pushed away from the water's surface
• The insects are small enough to see the individual water molecules, so they are able to step carefully from one molecule to the next

Multiple Choice

The tightness across the surface of water that enables paper clips to float is ____________.

• adhesion
• capillary action
• surface tension
• polarity

Multiple Choice

A(n) ______ is a substance with a pH less than 7

• Acid
• Alkaline
• Base
• Buffer

Multiple Choice

A(n) _______ is a substance with a pH greater than 7.

• Base
• Acid
• Buffer
• Water

Multiple Choice

A base is a substance

• That releases OH- ions when dissolved in water

• That releases H+ ions when dissolved in water

• Does not release any ions when dissolved in water

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

An acid

• is a substance that releases H+ ions when dissolved in water

• is a substance that does not release any ions when dissolved in water

• is a substance that releases OH- when dissolved in water

• releases an equal amount of OH- and H+ ions when dissolved in water

Multiple Choice

Water has a neutral because

• it has more H+ ions than OH-

• it has more OH- ions than H+

• it does not produce any ions

• it has an equal amount of H+ and OH- in solution

Multiple Choice

Which Biomolecule is the main source of quick energy?

• Carbohydrates
• Lipids
• Proteins
• Nucleic Acids

Multiple Choice

This molecule is made of glycerol and fatty acids.

• Carbohydrates
• Lipids
• Proteins
• Nucleic Acids

Multiple Choice

Which biomolecule stores and transmits genetic information?

• Carbohydrates
• Lipids
• Proteins
• Nucleic Acids

Multiple Choice

What biomolecule do enzymes belong to? 

• Carbohydrate
• Lipid
• Nucleic Acid
• Protein

Multiple Choice

Which biomolecule is found in fats, oils, and waxes and is a source of long-term energy? 

• Proteins
• Nucleic Acid
• Lipids
• Carbohydrate

Multiple Choice

Which biomolecule is this a picture of?

• Protein
• Nucleic Acid
• Lipid
• Carbohydrate

Multiple Choice

Which biomolecule is this a picture of?

• Protein
• Nucleic Acid
• Lipid
• Carbohydrate

Multiple Choice

What elements are common to all 4 biomolecules?

• Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen
• Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus
• Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
• Carbon, Hydrogen, Phosphorus

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose  of an enzyme?

• give permission for the reaction
• raise activation energy
• speed up reactions
• control how many reactions occur

Multiple Choice

What 3 letters do enzymes typically end in?

• -ose
• -ase
• -ese
• -tic

Multiple Choice

In the diagram, what is letter A? 

• product
• substrate
• enzyme-substrate complex
• active site

Multiple Choice

Letter B...

• active site
• enzyme
• substrate
• products

Multiple Choice

Letter C...

• active site
• enzymes
• substrate
• products

Multiple Choice

Letter D...

• active site
• enzyme
• substrate
• products

Multiple Choice

Letter E...

• active site
• enzyme
• substrate
• products

Multiple Choice

In a chemical reaction, ________ are what you have at the end

• Products

• Molecules

• Reactants

• Substances

Multiple Choice

An enzyme speeds up a reaction by

• lowering the activation energy.
• raising the activation energy.
• releasing energy.
• absorbing energy.

Multiple Choice

What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?

• The enzymes die.
• The shapes of the enzyme are denatured (no longer work)

• The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.
• The enzymes remain the same

Multiple Choice

What is a substance called if it speeds up a chemical reaction?

• reusable
• catalyst
• specific
• fragile

Multiple Choice

Which is true of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• Prokaryotic cells are larger than eukaryotic cells.
• Eukaryotic cells do not have nuclei, and prokaryotic cells do have nuclei.
• Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles, and eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles.
• Eukaryotic cells are simpler than prokaryotic cells.

Multiple Choice

Which do BOTH prokaryotes and eukaryotes contain?

• nucleus

• mitochondria

• ribosomes

• chloroplasts

Multiple Choice

A fossilized cell is discovered, and evidence suggests it reproduced on its own and had DNA, but a membrane did not enclose its DNA. Which type of organism would this most likely be?

• prokaryote
• eukaryote
• plant cell
• animal cell

Multiple Choice

Bacteria is an example of a(n)

• prokaryotic cell.

• eukaryotic cell.

Multiple Choice

What is the endosymbiotic theory?

• An explanation for how eukaryote cells evolved from prokaryote cells

• An explanation for how prokaryote cells evolved from eukaryote cells

• An explanation for how cells evolved from non-living matter

• An explanation for how cells evolved from viruses

Multiple Choice

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum makes

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Nucleic Acid

Multiple Choice

Which organelles are only found in plants

• Chloroplasts and cell membranes

• chloroplasts and cell walls

• golgi apparatus and cell membranes

• golgi apparatus and vacoule

Multiple Choice

Produces energy in the form of ATP for the cell.

• chloroplast
• mitochondria
• ribosome 
• nucleus

Multiple Choice

controls functions of cells and contains genetic material

• nucleus

• cell membrane

• cell wall

• mitochondria

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of the centriole

• to provide support to the cell

• to help animal cells divide

• the power house of the cell

• holds waste

Multiple Choice

The rough Endoplasmic Reticulum is covered with

• protein

• spots

• ribosomes

• vesicles

Multiple Choice

The Central Vacuole in plants

• allows for support of the leaf

• stores water

• stores waste

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

The Heart is an organ made of smooth muscle tissue that requires energy. These cells would have large quantities of which organelle?

• mitochondria

• nuclei

• rough endoplasmic reticulum

• lysosomes