Cell Membrane & Transport

Multiple Choice

Permeable means

• things can pass through
• the concentration levels are different
• it is permanent
• things are stuck

Phospholipid

• Main component of membrane

• Double layer

• Has 3 main components

  • Phosphate

  • Glycerol

  • Fatty Acid Chains

Multiple Select

Which of the following are components of a phospholipid. Select all correct answers.

• Phosphate

• Protein

• Glycerol

• Fatty Acid Tails

• Nitrogen

Multiple Choice

What type of biomolecule is found in the highest amounts of the cell membrane?

• Lipid

• Carbohydrates

• Phospholipid

• Nucleic Acids

Oil and Water

• Oil and water DON'T mix

• Oil molecules are hydrophobic they "don't like" water. Hydro - water

• Phobic - Think of a phobia!

• Parts of the cell membrane are hydrophobic. This is part of what protects the cell.

Multiple Choice

What happens when we mix oil and water? (Watch the video if you are unsure)

• They mix together

• They stay separate

• It explodes

Multiple Choice

What is the outer covering of all cells called?

• cell membrane

• cytoplasm

• nucleus

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of the cell membrane?

• It only serves as protection

• It decides what comes in and out of the cell

• its the jelly substance found in cells

Multiple Choice

The cell membrane is sometimes referred to as the plasma membrane or

• cytoplasm

• phospholipid bilayer

Multiple Choice

There are two parts of the cell membrane. What is the head made out of?

• phosphate

• lipids

Multiple Choice

There are two parts of the cell membrane. What is the tail made out of?

• phosphate

• lipids

Multiple Choice

Is the phosphate head hydrophilic or hydrophobic?

• hydrophilic

• hydrophobic

Multiple Choice

Is the lipid tail hydrophilic or hydrophobic?

• hydrophilic

• hydrophobic

​

​

​Cholesterol: Helps keep the membrane fluid/flexible and cohesive/together

​

​

​Integral Protein: through the membrane
Peripheral Protein: on one side

Match

Match the macromolecule to the part of the plasma membrane

• proteins

• Lipids

• carbohydrates

transport channel

two layers of phospholipids

identification tags

• transport channel

• two layers of phospholipids

• identification tags

Multiple Choice

Why is the cell membrane called a fluid mosaic model?

• it stores energy

• it is made of two layers of phospholipids, making the membrane fluid with proteins embedded.

• It falls apart easily and is only made of carbohydrates

• it is only made of proteins

Multiple Choice

What is the cell membrane's job?

• it holds DNA

• it keeps everything out

• to regulate what enters the cell and what leaves the cell. It is selectively permeable.

• It allows everything in.

Labelling

Label the following picture

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

hydrophilic head

hydrophobic tail

peripheral protein

integral protein

carbohydrate

Multiple Select

Select all components of the cell membrane that makes it a "mosaic"

• Phospholipids

• Proteins

• Carbohydrates

• Cholesterol

• Nitrogen

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of cholesterol molecules in the cell membrane?

• Structure, Support, Flexibility

• Transport Molecules

• Cell Identification

• Ward off "invaders"

Match

Match the part of the cell membrane to its function.

• carbohydrate chain

• phospholipid bilayer

• transport proteins

• cholesterol

helps stabilize and identify cells

makes up the cell membrane

transport molecules across the membrane

stabilize the cell membrane

• helps stabilize and identify cells

• makes up the cell membrane

• transport molecules across the membrane

• stabilize the cell membrane

Multiple Choice

What does homeostasis mean?

• balance

• cell wall

• transport

• staying still

Multiple Choice

What are the two main types of transport?

• active and passive

• passive and transfer

Multiple Choice

Molecules always move down a concentration gradient in what direction?

• high to low

• low to high

Multiple Choice

What does the word concentration mean?

• when a solute is more in one area than another.

• the amount of substance in a given space

Multiple Choice

When does a concentration gradient occur?

• when a solute is equally concentrated in an area

• when a solute is more concentrated in one area than another

​The movement of substances across the cell membrane without using energy from the cell.

​Examples:

1. diffusion

2. facilitated diffusion

3. osmosis.

​​

​(does not require energy​)

​​Passive Transport

​

​

​

Small molecules that can diffuse across the membrane without use of energy include:

• H₂O (water)

• CO₂ (carbon dioxide)

• O₂​ (oxygen)

​

Passive Transport: Diffusion

​

Multiple Choice

Most of the cell membrane is made of...

• Lipids
• Carbs
• Proteins
• Nucleic acids

Multiple Select

Examples of molecules that are small enough to diffuse through the cell membrane using passive transport are (choose 3)

• water

• DNA

• oxygen

• carbon dioxide

• carbohydrate

Multiple Choice

When the molecules are even throughout a space, it is called :

• balanced

• equilibrium

Multiple Choice

The cell membrane is selectively permeable, which means...

• All materials can enter and leave the cell
• Certain things can enter while others cannot
• The cell manually sorts through all materials
• Only certain cells can interact with the cell.

Multiple Choice

How many layers is the lipid bilayer?

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Multiple Choice

When molecules like O₂ spread from areas of high concentration, to areas of low concentration this if referred to as:

• diffusion

• osmosis

Examples of diffusion in everyday life:​​

1. The smell of perfumes or incense sticks.

2. Opening the soda or cold drinks bottle and the CO₂ diffuses in the air.

3. Dipping the tea bags in hot water will diffuse the tea in hot water.

4. Small dust particles or smoke diffuse into the air and cause air pollution.

5. Breathing and taking oxygen into the body and diffuses in our blood.

Examples of diffusion in everyday life:​​​

6. Transport of Biomolecules and Minerals in Plants and Animals.

7. Sugar gets dissolved evenly and sweetens the water without having to stir it.

8. Removal of Waste Substances and Toxins from our Body.

9. Gas exchange in the lungs.

10. Diffusion of waste products, salt, and water in the kidneys

Multiple Select

Which of the following are examples of diffusion? (select all that apply

• oxygen is moved into the cell

• carbon dioxide is moved out the cell

• perfume is sprayed and the scent fills the room

• glucose travels through a protein in the cell membrane

Multiple Choice

This is an example of which method of getting molecules across a cell membrane?

• facilitated diffusion

• active transport

• simple diffusion

• bulk transport

Multiple Choice

What does the purple part of this picture represent?

• glycoprotein

• phospholipid

• cell wall

• channel protein

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

• active transport

• protection

• protein production

• recognition of chemical signals

Multiple Choice

What is the name of the yellow portion of this picture?

• glycoproteins

• phospholipid bilayer

• carrier protein

• cell wall

Multiple Select

The two broad categories of cell transport are ...........

(select all correct answers)

• passive transport

• road transport

• food transport

• active transport

Multiple Choice

In passive transport, .............

• energy is required

• energy is not required

Osmosis

3 Solution Types

• Hypotonic (Pure Water - No Solute)--More water flows INTO the cell

• Hypertonic (Concentrated Solute)--More water OUT of cell

• Isotonic (Same concentration & solute)--Equal water flow in & out of cell

Multiple Choice

A mixture that forms when one substance dissolves another.

• concentration gradient

• solution

• solute

• solvent

Multiple Choice

When making a glass of Tang, the solute is the

• water

• Tang

Multiple Choice

In the ocean, the solvent is the

• water

• salt

Multiple Choice

What direction does water move down the concentration gradient in osmosis?

• high to low

• low to high

Multiple Choice

Is osmosis active or passive transport?

• active

• passive

Multiple Choice

Is osmosis a type of diffusion?

• yes

• no

Multiple Choice

What is osmosis?

• The diffusion of water across a membrane

• The diffusion of gas across a memembrane

Multiple Choice

What process occurs when WATER diffuses across a membrane?

• endocytosis

• mitosis

• osmosis

• nuclear fission 

Multiple Choice

Why is diffusion and osmosis important to cells?

• It allows them to take in materials without using energy.

• It allows them to reproduce.

• It allows them to absorb sunlight.

• It allows cells to use all energy.

Multiple Choice

During osmosis

• water moves from high to low concentration

• large or oddly shaped molecules move across a cell membrane

• water moves when energy is used

• proteins are built

Multiple Choice

When the water is moving into and out of the cell at equal amounts, the solution is considered....?

• Isotonic

• Hypotonic

• Hypertonic

• Hypothesis

Multiple Choice

When the water is moving into the cell at a higher rate than out, the solution is considered....?

• Isotonic

• Hypotonic

• Hypertonic

• Hypothesis

Multiple Choice

You take a stalk (piece) of celery that is wilting and place it into a cup of water. Where will the water flow?

• Into the celery

• Out of the celery

• Not at all

• Turns into a gas and evaporates

Multiple Choice

When both inside and outside of a cell have the same amount of water it is said that the cell has reached a state of

• Osmosis
• Diffusion
• Equilibrium

Multiple Choice

A person should never drink salty water because their cells would

• shrink
• expand

Multiple Choice

Ideally, your cells should be in a(n) _______ solution

• Hypertonic
• Hypotonic
• Isotonic
• Cola

Multiple Choice

Which cell is placed into a hypotonic environment? 

• A
• B
• C
• D

Multiple Choice

You are a doctor. A patient comes in dehydrated. What type of solution would be best to place into their IV?

• A hypotonic solution to allow the cells to rehydrate.

• A slightly hypertonic solution to allow the cells to rehydrate.

• An isotonic solution to increase fluid in the body without causing harm to the cells.

• An isotonic solution to decrease fluid in the body without causing harm to the cells.

Multiple Choice

Which red blood cell is in an isotonic solution?

• The one on the left

• The one on the right

• The one in the middle

• Each solution is isotonic

Multiple Choice

Which cell is in a hypotonic solution?

• The one on the left

• The one on the right

• The one in the middle

• Each solution is hypotonic

Multiple Choice

In which cell is the concentration of solute greater on the inside of the cell?

• The one on the left

• The one on the right

• The one in the middle

• The concentration of solute is the same for each solution

Multiple Choice

All of the following statements can be used to describe osmosis, EXCEPT:

• Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

• Osmosis is the diffusion of water.

• Osmosis is a type of passive transport.

• Osmosis requires energy in the form of ATP.

Multiple Choice

What are the three types of passive transport?

• Simple Diffusion, Osmosis, Facilitated Diffusion

• Active Transport, Osmosis, Facilitated Diffusion
• Diffusion, Endocytosis, Exocytosis
• Diffusion, Osmosis, Active Transport

Categorize

Options (12)

Cells are in an environment in which solute concentration is high

Cells are in an environment in which solute concentration is low

Cells are in an environment in which solute concentration is the same inside/outside the cell

Water diffuses out of the cell

Water diffuses into the cell

Water diffuses into and out of the cell

Cell shrink / shrivel

Cell swell and can burst (lyse)

Cell is at normal functional size

Organize these options into the right categories

Determine the Tonicity

(Each has 1 picture answer and 3 discrilptions)

Hypertonic Solution

Hypotonic Solution

Isotonic Solution

Multiple Choice

What type of solution is this healthy looking red blood cell in?

• Isotonic

• Hypertonic

• Hypotonic

Multiple Choice

Which way will the water molecules move during osmosis?

• Out of the cell, so the cell shrinks.
• Out of the cell, so the cell swells.
• Into the cell, so the cell shrinks.
• Into the cell, so the cell swells.

Multiple Choice

What type of solution allows water to enter the plant cell?

• hypotonic solution
• hypertonic solution
• isotonic solution
• active transport

Multiple Choice

Why should you never drink salt water?

• The water will leave your cells because of the isotonic solution surrounding them.

• The water will enter your cells because they are in an hypotonic solution.

• The water will leave your cells because of the hypertonic solution surrounding them.

• Nothing will happen, that's a myth.

Match

Match the following

Hypertonic

Hypotonic

Isotonic

Osmosis

Diffusion

• Hypertonic

• Hypotonic

• Isotonic

• Osmosis

• Diffusion

Multiple Choice

What type of solution is outside the cell?

• Hypotonic

• Hypertonic

• Isotonic

Multiple Choice

What type of solution is outside the cell?

• Hypotonic

• Hypertonic

• Isotonic

Multiple Choice

What type of solution is outside the cell?

• Hypotonic

• Hypertonic

• Isotonic

Multiple Choice

What type of solution is outside the cell?

• Hypotonic

• Hypertonic

• Isotonic

Multiple Choice

What happens if someone gives you a 90% salt saline drip?

• Your cells will shrivel and you'll die
• Your cells will swell and you'll die
• Nah you'll be fine.

Multiple Choice

ISO means...

• Low
• A lot
• Equal
• Mammal

Multiple Choice

HYPO means...

• Low
• High
• Equal
• Fat

Multiple Choice

HYPER means...

• Low
• High
• Equal
• Fat

Multiple Choice

 An animal cell placed in a hypertonic (salty) solution will

• Stay the same
• Shrink- get smaller
• Swell- get bigger

Facilitated Diffusion

Molecules moving from high to low concentration

Using transport protein

--molecules need proteins because they would "get stuck" in phospholipids

Multiple Select

Which of the following is required for facilitated diffusion? Choose all correct answers

• ATP

• Transport Protein

• Concentration Gradient

• ADP

• Molecules

Match

Match the following

Exocytosis

Endocytosis

Sodium Potassium Pump

• Exocytosis

• Endocytosis

• Sodium Potassium Pump

Fill in the Blanks

Fill in the Blanks

Hotspot

Circle the image that shows Active Transport

Multiple Choice

Active transport is the movement of large materials across a cell membrane from ______ to ______ concentration

• high to low

• low to high

• high to high

• low to low

Multiple Choice

A type membrane protein that can pump one substance in one direction, while transporting another substance in the opposite direction.

• pump transport

• bulk transport

• diffusion

• osmosis

Multiple Choice

An example of pump transport is

• glucose transport

• osmosis

• Na⁺/K⁺ Pump

• CO₂ + O₂ Transport

Multiple Choice

Large particles (or large quantities of smaller particles) are moved across the cell membrane with the use of energy.

• pump transport

• osmosis

• bulk transport

• CO₂ + O₂ Transport

Multiple Choice

A general term for the various types of active transport that move particles into a cell by enclosing them in a vesicle made out of plasma membrane.

• Endocytosis

• Exocytosis

• Osmosis

• Diffusion

Multiple Choice

A form of bulk transport in which materials are transported from the inside to the outside of the cell in membrane-bound vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane.

• Endocytosis

• Exocytosis

• Osmosis

• Diffusion

Multiple Choice

white blood cells engulfing invading bacteria is an example of

• Endocytosis

• Exocytosis

• Diffusion

• Facilitated Diffusion

Multiple Choice

nerve cells release neurotransmitters across gaps

and secretion of proteins and wastes

• Exocytosis

• Endocytosis

• Diffusion

• Facilitated Diffusion

Multiple Choice

small compartment enclosed by a membrane formed during transport of material during endo + exocytosis

• vesicles

• large vacuole

• mitochondria

• lysosome

Multiple Choice

This method of getting molecules across the cell membrane requires energy.

• facilitated diffusion

• active transport

• simple diffusion

• diffusion

Multiple Select

Which of the following methods of getting molecules across a cell membrane require a protein? (pick 2)

• facilitated diffusion

• active transport

• simple diffusion

• bulk transport

Multiple Choice

The answer to the question is ....

• A

• B

• C

• D

Review Questions

Multiple Choice

Why can't you drink salt water?

• It's hypertonic to your cells

• It's hypotonic to your cells

• It's isotonic to your cells

• It's paratonic to your cells

Multiple Choice

An animal cell placed in a hypertonic (salty) solution will

• Shrink
• Swell
• Stay the same

Multiple Choice

If there is 5 percent water inside a cell and 5 percent water outside a cell

• more water will move inside the cell

• more water will move outside the cell

• There will be no net movement of water, it moves into and out of the cell at the same time.

Multiple Choice

A person would never have pure water put into their veins in a hospital because their cells would...

• Shrink/Dehydrate

• Expand

• Stay the same

Multiple Choice

What is the outer boundary called on ALL cells that controls what goes in and out of that cell?

• Cell Wall

• Nucleus

• Cell Membrane

Multiple Choice

ATP is used to move molecules from a concentration of low molecules to a concentration of high molecules.

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

Active transport across a cell membrane from low to high concentration, requires

• energy (ATP)

• no energy

• water

• oxygen

Multiple Choice

Low --> High

against the concentration gradient

• Passive

  Transport

• Active

  Transport

Multiple Choice

High --> Low

With the Flow

• Passive Transport

• Active Transport

Match

Match the following

Iso

Hypo

Hyper

Hypo

• Iso

• Hypo

• Hyper

• Hypo

Multiple Choice

Which of these beakers contains an egg that would shrink?

• Cup 1

• Cup 2

• Cup 3

• Cup 4

Multiple Choice

Where will the water go?

• Into the cell
• Out of the cell
• Equally in & out - it's isotonic
• There is no water

Multiple Choice

A blood cell is placed into the jar, as seen. Where will the water go?

• Into the cell
• Out of the cell
• Equally in & out - it's isotonic
• The water is a lie

Multiple Choice

 If a cell containing 5% salt is placed into a glass of water with 20% salt, the water is _______ compared to the cell.

• hypertonic
• hypotonic
• isotonic

Multiple Choice

Mr. Slug was salted. Where was there more solute immediately after salting?

• Outside of the slug
• Inside of the slug
• There was no solute anywhere

Multiple Choice

In the cell pictured, which way would water move?

• Into the cell, causing the cell to swell

• Out of the cell, causing the cell to shrink

• In and out of the cell equally, keeping the shape the same

Multiple Choice

In the cell pictured, which way would water move?

• Into the cell, causing the cell to swell

• Out of the cell, causing the cell to shrink

• In and out of the cell equally, keeping the shape the same

Multiple Choice

In the cell pictured, where would water move? 

• Into the cell, causing it to swell

• Out of the cell, causing it to shrink

• In and out of the cell equally, causing the shape to stay the same

Multiple Choice

Movement of particles from high to low concentration. 

• Passive Transport

• Active Transport

Multiple Choice

When particles move from areas of high concentration to areas less concentrated, this has taken place.

• diffusion

• mitosis

• endocytosis

• photosynthesis

Multiple Choice

The cell below is in a _________ solution.

• Hypotonic
• Hypertonic
• Isotonic

Multiple Choice

The cell below is in a _________ solution.

• Hypotonic
• Hypertonic
• Isotonic

Multiple Choice

The cell below is in a _____________ solution.

• Hypertonic

• Hypotonic

• Isotonic

Multiple Choice

During osmosis

• water moves from high to low concentration
• large or oddly shaped molecules move across a cell membrane
• water moves when energy is used
• proteins are built

Multiple Choice

What is the energy source required during active transport?

• ATP

• protein

• oxygen

• glucose