Primary and SECONDARY SUCCESSION LESSON SAAVA

Multiple Choice

What is the order of succession shown in this figure?

• A, B, C, D
• B, A, D, C
• C, D, A, B
• D, A, B, C

Multiple Choice

the first organisms that appear in an ecological community

• ecological succession 
• primary succession 
• secondary succession
• pioneer speciles

Multiple Choice

How do lichens contribute to primary succession?

• Lichens decompose organic matter from animals and plants
• Lichens begin to break down rock to form soil
• Lichens are nitrogen fixing bacteria

Multiple Choice

After a volcanic eruption, lava covers the land. What is the order that plants grow to repopulate the area?

• Lichens → Shrubs → Grasses → Trees

• Lichens → tree → shrubs→Grasses

• Grasses → Lichens → Shrubs → Trees

• Lichens → Grasses → Shrubs → Trees

Multiple Choice

What is an example of an area that is likely to undergo primary succession?

• Glaciers melt and leave exposed rock

• Plants die from drought and decompose

• Land is bulldozed and soil remains

Multiple Choice

What is ecological succession?

• A series of predictable changes that occur in a community over time.

• It is the number of fish increasing.

• It is the seasons of the year.

• It is that rain follows cloud formation.

Multiple Choice

What is primary succession?

• The process of ecological succession that occurs in an area that has never been colonized before.

• The process of ecological succession that occurs in an area with a low biodiversity.

• The process of ecological succession that occurs in an area with a high biodiversity.

• The process of ecological succession that occurs in an area that has been previously colonized.

Multiple Choice

Primary succession begins where there was no ecosystem and no soil such as

• a severe storm

• a volcanic eruption

• an old farm is abandoned

• a forest fire

Multiple Choice

What is secondary succession?

• The process of ecological succession that occurs in a marine ecosystem.

• The process of ecological succession that occurs in a primary forest.

• The process of ecological succession that occurs in a previously uninhabited area.

• The process of ecological succession that occurs in a previously inhabited but disturbed or destroyed area.

Multiple Choice

What is a pioneer organism? It is the ______ organism in _________ succession. 

• is the first , in primary succession
• is the last in secondary succession, 

Multiple Choice

What are the primary factors that initiate primary succession?

• Deforestation

• Climate change

• Overpopulation

• Disturbances or absence of soil

Multiple Choice

Secondary succession (thnk soil) forms after a catastrophic event like a forest fire and has a ___________ growth rate than primary succession because soil already exists.

• extremely slower

• slower

• faster

Multiple Choice

What are the primary factors that initiate secondary succession?

• Climate change

• Human activities

• Natural disasters

• Disturbances

Multiple Choice

So, how does an ecosystem start if there is no soil?

• Moss and lichen break down rock and lava and produce soil.

• Moss and lichen are air borne and they move by the wind to start in a secondary succession environment.

• Moss and lichen are simple living organism that can start growing almost anywhere.

• All answers

Multiple Choice

What is the difference between primary and secondary succession?

• Primary succession occurs in areas where an ecosystem has been disturbed or destroyed, while secondary succession occurs in areas where no ecosystem existed before.

• Primary succession occurs in areas where an ecosystem has been destroyed by human activity, while secondary succession occurs in areas where an ecosystem has been destroyed by natural disasters.

• Primary succession occurs in areas where an ecosystem has been disturbed by invasive species, while secondary succession occurs in areas where an ecosystem has been disturbed by climate change.

• Primary succession occurs in areas where no ecosystem existed before, while secondary succession occurs in areas where an ecosystem has been disturbed or destroyed.

Multiple Choice

What is a pioneer species?

• Pioneer means first- so it must be the first thing to grow where nothing has grown before.

• Pioneer means last -it's the last thing in an ecosystem

• Pioneer has to do with covered wagons and traveling west during the 1800s.

Multiple Choice

Give an example of primary succession.

• Colonization of bare rock by lichens and mosses

• Establishment of a mature forest after a wildfire.

• Formation of a coral reef.

• Growth of grasses and shrubs in a forest understory.

Multiple Choice

Give an example of secondary succession.

• Urban area undergoing gentrification.

• Ocean ecosystem recovering from an oil spill.

• Forest destroyed by wildfire

• Grassland converted into farmland.

Multiple Choice

What is the role of pioneer species in primary succession?

• Pioneer species hinder the process of primary succession.

• Pioneer species only appear in secondary succession.

• Pioneer species help initiate and facilitate the process of primary succession.

• Pioneer species have no role in primary succession.

Multiple Choice

What is the role of pioneer species in secondary succession?

• Pioneer species prepare the environment for other species by colonizing barren areas and creating suitable conditions for growth.

• Pioneer species hinder the growth of other species by competing for resources.

• Pioneer species have no role in secondary succession.

• Pioneer species only grow in areas that are already suitable for other species.

Multiple Choice

What are the stages of primary succession?

• Shrubs and small trees establish, pioneer species colonize, mosses and lichens break down rocks, grasses and small plants grow.

• Grasses and small plants establish, larger trees and diverse ecosystem develop, pioneer species colonize, mosses and lichens break down rocks.

• Pioneer species colonize, mosses and lichens break down rocks, grasses and small plants grow, shrubs and small trees establish, larger trees and diverse ecosystem develop.

• Mosses and lichens establish, shrubs and small trees grow, pioneer species colonize, diverse ecosystem develops.