Mutations

Mutations

Mutations:

• A change in the RNA or DNA caused by one or more nucleotides changing locations.

• This can happen when one nucleotide is inserted, deleted, or substituted for a different nucleotide

Mutations

• Harmful - Causes an enzyme or protein to not function properly

• Helpful - Causes a genetic change that is good for the individual/species

• Neutral (not good or bad) - Doesn't do anything

Multiple Choice

A mutation is defined as:

• A change in the cell's structure

• Anything that changes in an embryo

• Any change in the physical features of a human

• A change in the DNA sequence

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an internal mutation?

• radiation

• chemicals

• viruses

• copy error

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a type of mutation where a section of chromosome is flipped around?

• insertion

• deletion

• inversion

• translocation

Multiple Select

A frameshift mutation is which of the following?

• Point mutation

• Insertion

• Deletion

• Subtitution

Multiple Choice

Which mutation would be more harmful for an organism?

• Point mutation (substitution)

• Frameshift (insertion/Deletion)

Multiple Choice

Why would a frameshift be more harmful?

• It changes all the code downstream

• Only one nucleotide is changing

• All mutations are harmful

• It can't correct iself

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not a type of mutation?

• Substitution

• Insertion

• Prescription

• Deletion

Multiple Choice

THEBIGFATREDCATSAT is normal, what is this:

THEBIGFATREDATSAT

• Substitution

• Insertion

• Deletion

Multiple Choice

What mutation has occurred here?

T-G-A-C-C-A

T-G-A-G-C-A

• Substitution

• Deletion

• Insertion

• Frameshift

Multiple Choice

DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG

The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.

• Substitution

• Deletion

• Insertion

• Inversion

Multiple Choice

ATTTGAGCC- Original

ATTGAGCC - Mutated

The example above is an example of a

• Insertion- Frameshift

• Deletion- Substitution

• Deletion -Frameshift

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

Why are insertion and deletion (frameshift) mutations so harmful?

• They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence

• They insert things that an organism doesn't need.

• They often delete things that organisms need.

• Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.

Multiple Choice

Which mutation will cause translation to stop?

• Mutations 1 and 3 only

• Mutation 1 only

• Mutation 2 only

• Muations 1, 2, 3