COMPUTER NETWORKING

Explanation: Computers in a network need a standard way to communicate with one another. Protocols like TCP/IP define the rules for data transmission, ensuring that devices can send and receive information correctly, regardless of their hardware or software differences. Without these protocols, communication between networked computers would be chaotic or impossible.

Explanation: A network allows multiple computers to share resources such as files and printers. To achieve this, all computers must be connected and follow a common protocol like TCP/IP, which ensures smooth communication and data sharing. If the computers are isolated (Option B) or use different protocols (Option D), they won’t be able to communicate effectively.

Explanation: A Personal Area Network (PAN) is designed for close-range communication between personal devices, such as smartphones, laptops, and tablets. Bluetooth, a common PAN technology, enables wireless file sharing within a short range (typically 20-30 feet). A LAN (Option B) connects multiple devices within a larger area like an office or home. A MAN (Option C) covers a city, while a WAN (Option D) connects networks over vast distances, such as between different cities or countries.

Explanation: A Local Area Network (LAN) is ideal for connecting multiple devices within a limited area, such as a school, office, or home. It allows computers, printers, and servers to communicate and share resources efficiently using wired (Ethernet) or wireless (Wi-Fi) connections. A WAN (Option B) is used for broader geographical areas, a MAN (Option C) covers a city-wide network, and a PAN (Option D) is meant for personal device connections within a very short range.

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