First Aid PE Q4

◦ "Have you ever witnessed or been involved in an

emergency where someone was injured or needed
immediate help?

◦ What if you were the first person to arrive at the scene,

and your actions could determine their fate?"

FIRST AID CONCEPTS,

OBJECTIVES, AND PRINCIPLES

PE – Quarter 4

Vocabulary - Part 1

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Accident: An unexpected event that causes injury or harm to people or
property.

•
Emergency: A sudden threat to life or health needing quick action to stop
more harm.

•
Emergency Action Principle: A set of quick and decisive steps during
emergencies. It involves assessing the situation, prioritizing actions to prevent
more harm, and providing first aid until professional help arrives.

•
First aider: Someone who is trained to help injured or ill people in
emergencies. They know basic first aid and can provide immediate care until
medical help arrives.

Vocabulary - Part 2

•
First Aid: An immediate help provided to a sick or injured person
until professional medical help arrives or becomes available.

•
Victim: Someone who has been hurt or harmed and needs help.

•
First aid management: An immediate care and treatment
provided to someone who has been injured or falls ill until
professional medical help arrives. It involves assessing the
situation, applying appropriate first aid techniques, and ensuring
the safety and well-being of the person in need.

Vocabulary - Part 3

•
Injury: A physical harm to the body from accidents or harmful
events, ranging from minor cuts to severe fractures, needing
proper treatment based on severity.

•
Signs: An observable indication of a medical condition or injury,
such as changes in skin color, abnormal breathing, swelling, or
bleeding.

◦ Symptoms: A subjective experience indicating a medical condition

or injury, such as pain, dizziness, or weakness.

IMMEDIATE AND TEMPORARY CARE GIVEN WHILE

WAITING FOR MEDICAL ASSISTANCE

Do’s in Giving First Aid

1. Remain calm.

2. Provide reassurance and comfort to the victim.

3. Look for a medical bracelet indicating a condition like epilepsy or

diabetes.

4. Loosen any tight clothing.

◦ Keep the victim covered to minimize shock.

Don’ts in Giving First Aid

1. Avoid giving food and drink to someone unconscious.

◦ Refrain from moving an injured person unless it is necessary to

position them in the recovery position.

First Aid is immediate and temporary care given to a person who
suddenly gets ill or injured. It includes self-help and home care if
medical assistance is unavailable or delayed. It can mean the
difference between life and death in extreme cases. However, we
must know the limits of the first aid we can give because improper
first aid can do more harm than good in some instances. Anyone who
gives first aid is a first aider.

Roles of First Aid

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It is a bridge that fills the gap between the victim and the
physicians.

•
It is not intended to compete with or to take the place of the
services of the physician.

•
It ends when the services of the physicians begin.

Objectives of First Aid

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To alleviate suffering.

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To prevent added/further injury or danger.

•
To prolong life.

Characteristics of a Good First Aider

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Gentle: Does not cause pain and panic.

•
Observant: Notices all signs.

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Resourceful: Makes the best use of things at hand.

• Tactful: Does not frighten the victim.

◦ Sympathetic: Comforts and reassures.

AIMS TO LESSEN PAIN, PREVENT FURTHER INJURY,

AND PROLONG LIFE

ABCs of First Aid

When someone is unconscious or not responding, it's essential to follow the basic
principle of first aid, known as ABC: airway, breathing, and circulation.

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Airway: If a person is not breathing, the first step is to ensure their airway is clear.

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Breathing: If clearing the airway doesn't restore breathing, rescue breathing should
be administered.

•
Circulation: While giving rescue breaths, maintaining blood flow is critical through
chest compressions. If the person remains unresponsive, checking their pulse is
necessary. If no pulse is found, chest compressions should be initiated.

Examples of Common Conditions - Part 1

◦ Bites: Injuries from animal or human teeth or insects. They can

cause puncture wounds, cuts, or scrapes on the skin. Bites can vary
in seriousness and may lead to infections or venom.

•
Wounds: Injuries that cause damage to the skin or underlying
tissues. They can range from minor cuts and scrapes to more
serious injuries like puncture wounds or lacerations. Wounds may
result from accidents, falls, or contact with sharp objects.

Examples of Common Conditions - Part 2

•
Burns: Injuries caused by heat, chemicals, electricity, or radiation
that damage the skin and tissues. They can vary in severity, from
minor redness and discomfort to severe tissue damage and loss.

•
Bleeding: Refers to the loss of blood from damaged blood vessels.
It can occur externally, visible from cuts or wounds, or internally,
which may not be immediately apparent.

Examples of Common Conditions - Part 3

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Fainting: Refers to a temporary loss of consciousness typically caused
by a temporary reduction in blood flow to the brain. It often occurs due
to a sudden drop in blood pressure or a lack of oxygen reaching the
brain.

•
Poisoning: Refers to the ingestion, inhalation, or absorption of
substances that are harmful to the body. These substances, known as
poisons, can include chemicals, medications, plants, or household
products.

Examples of Common Conditions - Part 4

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Choking: Occurs when an object becomes lodged in the throat or
windpipe, blocking the flow of air. This obstruction prevents the
person from breathing effectively and can quickly lead to a life-
threatening situation.

• Hyperventilation: Refers to rapid or shallow breathing that leads

to an excessive intake of oxygen and reduced levels of carbon
dioxide in the body.

Examples of Common Conditions - Part 5

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Heart Attack: Occurs when the blood flow to a part of the heart is
blocked, usually by a blood clot. This leads to damage or death of
the heart muscle cells.

•
Stroke: Occurs when there is an interruption of blood flow to the
brain, resulting in damage to brain cells. This interruption can
happen due to a blockage in a blood vessel (ischemic stroke) or the
bursting of a blood vessel (hemorrhagic stroke).