Bava Kama Daf 61

Bava Kama -Daf 61
Laws about Fire

.מַתְנִיתִין: עָבְרָה גָּדֵר שֶׁהוּא גָּבוֹהַּ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת אוֹ דֶרֶךְ הָרַבִּים אוֹ נָהָר פָּטוּר.

​If your fire goes over
(1) a fence that is 4 Amot high, or
(2) over a public path, or
(3) over a river-
you are exempt from the damage.

3 Laws about Fire

Multiple Choice

If you were summarizing the Mishna, you would say that the Mishna is coming to tell us....

• when you are responsible for your animal damaging others

• What types of fire are

  considered dangerous

• When you are exempt for your fire damaging

• The reason you are chayav for your fire damaging

גְּמָרָא: וְהָתַנְיָא עָבְרָה גָּדֵר שֶׁהוּא גָּבוֹהַּ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת חַיָּיב.

The Bereisa says that if fire goes over a fence that is 4 Amot, you are chayav!

Contradiction from a Beraisa

Open Ended

Explain the contradiction between the Mishna and the Bereisa in one sentence

אָמַר רַב פָּפָּא תַּנָּא דִּידַן קָא חָשֵׁיב מִלְּמַעְלָה לְמַטָּה שֵׁשׁ אַמּוֹת פָּטוּר חָמֵשׁ אַמּוֹת פָּטוּר עַד אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת פָּטוּר תַּנָּא בָּרָא מִלְּמַטָּה לְמַעְלָה קָא חָשֵׁיב שְׁתֵּי אַמּוֹת חַיָּיב שָׁלֹשׁ אַמּוֹת חַיָּיב עַד אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת חַיָּיב.

​

Answer to the contradiction.

​The difference between the Bereisa and the Mishna is that the Mishna tells you what is patur and the Bereisa tells you what is chayav.

Open Ended

Explain how the Gemara answers the contradiction in your own words

Rava says that when we say that a fence of 4 Amot is enough, that's even when there are thorns in the field (which is causes fire to spread).

אָמַר רָבָא אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת שֶׁאָמְרוּ דְּפָטוּר אֲפִילּוּ בִּשְׂדֵה קוֹצִים

Rav Papa says that 4 Amot only works by thorns if the fence is 4 Amot on top of the thorns.

אָמַר רַב פָּפָּא וּמִשְּׂפַת קוֹצִים וּלְמַעְלָה אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת.

Field of thorns

Draw

Draw a picture of what Rav Papa adds to Rava's statement.

Rav says that the only time a fence of 4 Amot is enough, is by a tall fire, but by a bent fire (that is traveling), no height is enough

אָמַר רַב לֹא שָׁנוּ אֶלָּא בְּקוֹלַחַת אֲבָל בְּנִכְפֶּפֶת אֲפִילּוּ עַד מֵאָה אַמָּה חַיָּיב

Shmuel says that a fence of 4 Amot is enough when the fire is bent (traveling), but if it's a tall fire, then even a small fence is enough

וּשְׁמוּאֵל אָמַר מַתְנִיתִין בְּנִכְפֶּפֶת אֲבָל בְּקוֹלַחַת אֲפִילּוּ כׇּל שֶׁהוּא פָּטוּר.

Rav/Shmuel Argument

Open Ended

Explain the Machloket between Rav and Shmuel in your own words

We have a Bereisa that goes like Rav's opinion that says that 4 Amot is enough by a tall fire, but if it would be a bent fire, you'd be responsible even with a very tall fence

תַּנְיָא כְּוָותֵיהּ דְּרַב בַּמֶּה דְּבָרִים אֲמוּרִים בְּקוֹלַחַת אֲבָל בְּנִכְפֶּפֶת וְעֵצִים מְצוּיִין לָהּ אֲפִילּוּ עַד מֵאָה מִיל חַיָּיב

If the fire went over a river or pond that is 8 Amot wide, you are patur

עָבְרָה נָהָר אוֹ שְׁלוּלִית שֶׁהֵם רְחָבִים שְׁמוֹנֶה אַמּוֹת פָּטוּר.

Proof to Rav/Case of the River

Multiple Choice

How wide does a river have to be in order to be patur for your fire passing through it?

• 4 Amot

• 8 Amot

• 20 Amot

• Any amount