SC.912.L.17.5

MDCPS-RMS Biology Unit 1 Review

​Some text here about the topic of discussion.

Benchmark: SC.912.L.17.2​

Topic: Aquatic Ecosystems

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Explain the general distribution of life in aquatic ecosystems as well the effect of chemistry(pH), geography, light, depth, salinity, & temperature​

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Multiple Choice

The major environmental factor limiting the presence of numerous autotrophs at great depths in the ocean is the ___________

• type of subtratum

• amount of light

• availability of minerals

• absences of biotic factors

Multiple Choice

the diagram shown represents a food web. the numerals I, II, III, and IV represent four nutritional levels within the community in which different species compete.

which is an abiotic factor that is needed to make this marine environment a self-sustaining ecosystem?

• sunlight

• producers

• primary consumers

• decomposers

Multiple Choice

the diagram shows an example of interdependence among aquatic organisms. during the day, the organisms either use or give off substance A or B, as shown by the arrows.

which substances are represented by A and B?

• A represents oxygen and B represents carbon dioxide.

• A represents oxygen and B represents carbohydrates.

• A represents nitrogen and B represents carbon dioxide.

• A represents carbon dioxide and B represents oxygen.

Benchmark: SC.912.L.17.4

Topic: Succession

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Describe changes in ecosystem resulting from seasonal variations, climate change, and succession​​

Multiple Choice

Base your answer to the following question on the information below and your knowledge of biology.

The Long Island pine barrens is a natural woodland that once covered more than a quarter of a million acres. The dominant tree in this woodland is the pitch pine. Plant and animal distribution and abundance are controlled by fire and soil conditions. Dry, and sandy soils encourage frequent wildfires, which periodically consume all or part of the vegetation. Fires are natural and important for maintaining the pine barrens. Pine barren plants and animals must be fire adapted; that is, they must have the ability to survive fires or to colonize burned areas rapidly. Some pine barrens insects, for example, escape by burrowing deep into the ground during times of the year when fires are likely to occur.

Which event normally takes place after a fire in the pine barren?

• ecological succession, which helps reestablish the pine barrens.

• hibernation of the insects in the ground.

• increased mutation of the pitch pines.

• rapid interbreeding of animal species that survive the fire.

Multiple Choice

Base your answers to the following question on the diagram below of four states of biological process and on your knowledge of biology.

what would most likely be the predominant lifeform found in stage 1?

• ferns

• tracheophytes

• mushroom

• pioneer species

Benchmark: SC.912.L.17.5

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Topic: Limiting Factors​

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Analyze how population size is determine by limiting dependent factors (food, water, shelter, competition for food, mates, space and predator-prey relationship) and limiting independent factors (catastrophic effects, climate change, human activities (deforestation, overfishing and introducing alien species )​

Multiple Choice

Base your answers to the following question on the diagram below, which shows the sequence of plant communities that have occupied land that was left barren 300 years ago, and on your knowledge of biology.

Dominant plant species in the climax community include:

• pine trees

• hickory trees

• mosses

• lichen

Multiple Choice

Avoid Being Eaten

The snowshoe hare is the prey of many woodland animal. Foxes, cayotes, martens, and weasels hunt for hares by the day, while the Great Horned Barn owls hunt for them on silent wings at night. The snowshoe hare survives this predation partly as a result of the effects of changing environmental conditions, on the expression of genes for fur color, resulting in effective camouflage. in winter months, the hare has white fur, which blends into the snowscape. During the warm months, the fur changes to a reddish brown.

Some favorite foods of the hare during the winter months are twigs of the maple, birch, and apple trees. Grasses and clover replace the diet during spring and summer. Hares tend to feed during the hours of dusk and dawn, when light is low and the predators are inactive.

Food supply is the only limiting factor, which graph represents a possible relationship between the population snowshoe hares and their food supply over a 10-year period?

Benchmark: SC.912.L.17.9

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Topic: Food Webs

Identify the roles of organisms in a food web to describe energy pathways rather than the identification of producers, consumers (primary, secondary, tertiary), and decomposers in isolation​

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Multiple Choice

Base the answer to the following question on the diagram of a food web and your knowledge of biology.

If the population of mice is reduced by a disease, which change will most likely occur in the food web.

• the snake population will increase

• the grass will decrease

• the deer population will decrease

• the cricket population will increase

Multiple Choice

a food web is presented in the diagram below.

which organisms are correctly paired with their roles in this food web?

• seeds, bacteria - decomposers; mice, grasses - heterotrophs

• all birds, deer - consumers ; grasses, trees - producers

• mountain lions, bark beetles - producers; hawks, mice - heterotroph

• snakes, grasshoppers - consumers, mushroom, rabbit - autotroph

Multiple Choice

Base the answer to the following question on the diagram of a food web and your knowledge of biology.

what is the original source of energy for this food web?

• chemical bonds in sugar molecules

• enzymatic reactions

• the sun

• chemical reactions of bacteria

Benchmark: SC.912.L.17.9

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Topic: Trophic Levels

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Explain the pathway of energy transfer through trophic levels and the reduction of available energy at successive trophic levels

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Multiple Choice

Which level of this food pyramid which represents the largest biomass?

• bass

• minnows

• copepods

• algea

Multiple Choice

the diagram represents the a food pyramid of organisms inhibiting a pond.

at which level of the food pyramid is the smallest percentage of total stored energy found?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Benchmark: SC.912.E.7.1

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Topic: Biogeochemical Cycles

​Analyze the movement of matter and energy through the different biogeochemical cycles, including water and carbon

Multiple Choice

• they affect the water cycle by adding water to the atmosphere.

• they affect the water cycle by removing water from the atmosphere.

• they affect the oxygen cycle by adding oxygen to the atmosphere.

• they affect the oxygen cycle by removing oxygen from the atmosphere

Multiple Choice

The natural cycling of oxygen between organisms and their environment is most directly accomplished through which of the following pairs of processes?

• fermentation and oxidation

• transporation and evaporation

• precipitation and condensation

• photosynthesis and cellular respiration

Multiple Choice

the diagram shows part of the cycle.

if many trees are removed from the forest by logging, what is the most immediate effect on the carbon cycle in that forest?

• increased rates of decomposition

• decreased use of atmospheric CO2

• decreased combustion of fossil fuels

• increased production of organic compounds.

Benchmark: SC.912.E.17.20

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Topic: Human Impact

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Predict how the actions of humans may impact environmental systems and/or affect sustainability.​

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Multiple Choice

Car exhaust has been blamed for increasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. some scientist believe this additional carbon dioxide in the air may cause

• ozone destruction

• habitat preservation

• increased biodiversity

• global warming