Economical Geography

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Political and Economic Geography

1. Identify elements of political and economic geography

2. Explain how geography shapes a country's decision to be a federal or unitary state

3. Explain how places may differ in their political and economic systems
   

​Objectives/Goals

• ​Autocracy

• Command Economy

• Communist

• Demand

• Democratic

• Economy

• Goods

• International Relations

• Market Economy

• Oligarchy

• Political Geography

• Services

• Supply

• Traditional Economy

Vocabulary

​Essential Question: How do geographers study governments and economies of the world?

Open Ended

Google your dream job and how much that job makes per year...

Type... How much does a _________________ make per year in the United States?

Example: My dream job was a United Nations Advocate for Repatriation Rights

I would make about $72,000 a year.

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Political Geography

Political Geography: geography that focuses on governments and countries

• Focuses on the differences between governments

• Focuses on how countries interact with each other

• Political maps are useful tools to help you understand interactions between countries

Open Ended

What information does this politcal/Thematic map provide us?

International Relations

• Some countries' governments get along with each other and form alliances (an agreement that benefits both countries and supports each country)

  • Trade agreements

  • Financial Support during disasters

• Some Countries' governments do not get along

  • Embagos: no trading with that country

  • war

• International relations deal with the governments of the countries not the relationship between the people of the countries

​International Relations: the ways countries interact with each other

International Relations and Geography

• Good International Relations Impact Geography by...

  • U.S. Military bases located in other countries (Japan and Korea)

• Good International Relations Impact Geography by...

  • Expansion of country borders (Lousiana Purchase)

• Bad International Relations Impact Geography by...

  • Fighting over country boundaries and country resources (France and Belgium)

​Autocracy: is a government where power is held by one person
a. People often have few to no
civil rights and the ruler has
TOTAL control
b. (In the past) countries
were rulled by a king or
queen - (In the present)
leaders can go by other
titles
c. Constituional Monarchy
(UK) - King Must obey
laws of the land and
does not have complete
power

Autocracy

​Oligarchy: is a government where power is held by a small group
a. These powerful groups can be
1. Family
2. Military
3. Wealthy
4. Religion
b. China is a Communist group
but is also an oligarchy, as
the Military controls the
Communist Party
c. Iran is an oligarchy becuase it is
controlled by a religious
group

Oligarchy

Democracy: is a government where power is held by the people
a. citizens elect their leaders to
make decisions for them
b. Citizens elect leaders to protect
their rights
c. Citizens vote for policies and laws
they agree with
d. Sweeden is a democracy

Democracy

Communism: is a government that owns all property and businesses
a. Property and business is owned
and controlled by the government
whose job it is to share the
benefits with everyone
b. China is an example of a
Communist government

Communism

Match

Match the different types of governments

• individuals do not own property and businesses. Instead, the government owns them.

• people elect leaders to make decisions for them.

• a small group holds power. People in this group usually gain power by coming from a certain family, holding an important military position, or being wealthy.

• one person holds power. The government often does not protect the rights of the people.

Communism

Democracy

Oligarchy

Autocracy

• Communism

• Democracy

• Oligarchy

• Autocracy

1. Power is held by one Central government because power is made at one level uniformly for the entire country

2. Local government's needs may be ignored

3. No Negotiations within different states

4. No Regional differences

5. Singapore and Indonesia is an example of a regional state

Unitary States

1. Power is shared between the Central Government and Regional Governments

2. Central Government makes some decisions and Regional/Local Governments make other decisions

3. The United States is an example of a Federal State

Federal State

Federal and Unitary States

Multiple Choice

Belgium has strong ethnic and cultural divisions between the north and the south. In northern Belgium, people speak Dutch. In southern Belgium, people speak French.

Why is Belgium best served by a federal government?

• A federal government is more efficient than a unitary government.

• The French-speaking citizens are able to dominate politics throughout the whole country.

• Each area can make decisions that meet the needs of their citizens.

• Uniform decisions by a central government promote equality between the groups.

Economies

Economy: the way people make and spend money

1. Goods: physical items that people buy

   1. food

   2. household items

   3. Vehicles

2. Services: actions that people, or the government, pay for

   1. Doctors

   2. Police

   3. Amazon Driver

1. People barter or trade goods and services instead of using money

​​Traditional Economy

1. the government makes the decisions about what to produce, what jobs people have, and how much money people make

Command Economy

1. Supply and Demand affect what people buy and sell

   1. Supply: how much of something is available

   2. Demand: how much people want something

Market Economy

​Types of Economies

Economic Geography

Economic Geography: geography that focuses on the economic conditions of different places

1. Countries with Less Economic Development

   1. Many people work on farms and produce food locally

   2. Use less machinery

   3. Fewer people work in the industry

2. Countries with High Economic Development

   1. Large farms with technology

   2. Diversity of jobs

   3. More industries and services

   4. Higher education

​Economic geography also studies the types of goods and services that different places produce. Geographers examine the goods that countries export (sell to other countries) and import (buy from other countries).

Draw

Draw an image of the type of government and economy you would like to have, if you controlled your own country.