Newton Secon by Jessica Freeman

Newton's First Law of Motion...

Today, you will work with your group to complete this exploration. And thank you Chris Kesler @ keslerscience.com

Multiple Choice

The law of inertia (Newton’s First Law) applies

• to both moving and nonmoving objects
• only to moving objects
• only to objects that are not moving

12/1 - Newton's 2nd Law of Motion

Multiple Choice

A 20-N net force acts on an object with a mass of 2.0 kg. What is the object's acceleration?

• 10 m/s²

• 0.1 m/s²

• 40 m/s²

• 22 m/s²

Read It! Station Instructions

Each member of the group will read the passage and answer the questions from the task cards on the lab sheet in the Read It! section.

It is important to remember that the answers will come directly from the reading passage.   

​Review - Newton's 1st Law - Law of Inertia

​

​An object at rest stays at rest,

​

​An object in motion stays in motion,

​

​Unless acted on by an unbalanced force.

Multiple Choice

An object in motion tends to stay in motion unless an ___ force acts on it.

• unbalanced
• balanced

Multiple Choice

What is Newton's First Law known as? The Law of

• Friction
• Mass
• Inertia
• Gravity

The Law of Inertia...

Sir Isaac Newton was an English scientist famous for describing physics – the science of movement. Specifically, he formulated three laws of motion. This does not mean he invented the concepts of motion and gravity or the Earth’s downward pull. Rather, he studied forces, pushes, or pulls on objects that cause objects to change their speed and/or direction. Newton’s laws help explain an object’s motion after something exerts a force on it. Sometimes objects even resist forces that have been exerted upon them, which affects their motion as well.

Multiple Choice

What is Newton's First Law

• F=ma

• Every action has an equal and opposite reaction

• An object at rest stays at rest, an object in motion stays in motion, unless acted on by an unbalanced force

• Friction

Multiple Choice

What is the net force on an object?

• the sum of all the forces on an object
• the negative forces on an object

Multiple Choice

A person is pushed forward into their seatbelt when a car suddenly stops

• 1st Law

• 2nd Law

• 3rd Law

Newton’s 1st Law states, “An object in motion continues in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.” The same is true of an object at rest – an object stays at rest until it is acted upon by an unbalanced force. Newton’s 1st Law is also called the Law of Inertia (pronounced inn-urr-shuh). All objects possess something called inertia, or their tendency to keep doing what they’re already doing and resist changes in motion. Without an unbalanced force, an object will maintain its state of motion or rest.

Did you know you have inertia when you ride in a car? A car’s passengers tend to experience the same motion as the vehicle; they accelerate as the car speeds up and decelerate as the car slows down. This is why it is so important to wear a seatbelt! 

Multiple Choice

• 1st Law

• 2nd Law

• 3rd Law

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

Find the net force: 15 N to the right, and another 15 newtons to the right.

• 0 N Right
• 0 N Left
• 30 N Left
• 30 N Right

Multiple Choice

This person bought coffee and put it on the seat next to them. If they stopped quickly and the coffee spilled which law would that represent?

• Newton's 1st Law
• Newton's 2nd Law
• Newton's 3rd Law

Imagine your car is moving forward at highway speeds, and then it collides with another vehicle. The other vehicle exerts an unbalanced force on yours, which causes your car to decelerate to rest abruptly. If you are belted in, your body will decelerate with the vehicle. However, imagine you are not wearing a seatbelt. What do you think happens? With nothing keeping you attached to the vehicle, you will not share the vehicle’s change in motion. Instead, your body’s inertia will cause it to continue moving forward at the same rate of motion and in the same direction, which could cause harm.

It’s a good thing we can study forces and motion in the world around us. Newton’s Laws help us understand how objects move, which helps us enjoy things like sports and roller coasters. But they also help keep us safe! 

Multiple Choice

You are riding in a vehicle with a coffee cup on the dashboard while traveling 30 km/h. The vehicle makes a sudden stop to avoid hitting the car that has stopped in front of it. Which illustration best demonstrates what would happen to the coffee cup?

Multiple Choice

8 N to the left , and 4 N to the right. Find the net force. Is this balanced? 

• 12 N Right  No
• 4 N Left  No
• 12 N Right  Yes
• 4 N Left  Yes

Multiple Choice

How does a continental plate demonstrate Newton's law of inertia?

• A continental plate will continue to move until it cracks from the pressure applied by Earth's atmosphere.

• A continental plate will continue to move until it crashes into or slides against another continental plate.

• A continental plate will continue to move until it melts into molten rock from the heat of the Sun.

• A continental plate will continue to move until it travels back to its original location on Earth's surface.

Multiple Choice

What would be another good title for this passage?

• A.The Story of Isaac Newton

• A.Newton’s 3 Laws

• A.How Seatbelts Work

• A.An Explanation of Newton’s 1st Law of Motion and Inertia

Multiple Choice

A steel ball is at one end of a box that is moving forward as shown. The box suddenly stops. According to Newton's first law, what happens to the steel ball just after the box stops?

• Because of friction, the ball continues rolling forward at the same speed.

• Because of friction, the ball rolls forward at an increase speed.

• Because of inertia, the ball continues rolling forward at the same speed.

• Because of inertia, the ball rolls forward at an increased speed.

Multiple Choice

You and your friend, are playing tug of war. Your friend pulls with a force of 55 N, to the rights. You pull with a force of 65 N, to the left. What is the net force on the rope?

• 10 n, to the left
• 20 N
• 10 N, to the left
• 10 N, to the right

Multiple Choice

Which of these best explains why the coin fell straight down into the cup instead of remaining on the index card?

• The coin was at rest until the card was removed, so it tended to remain in the same location. Once the card was gone, the unbalanced force of gravity caused the coin to fall.

• Moving the card applied an action force on the coin. Since the card was gone, gravity applied a reaction force on the coin.

• The card had less mass than the coin, so a smaller force of gravity acted on the card. The larger force of gravity on the coin made it fall.

• The acceleration of the coin falling into the cup was equal and opposite to the acceleration of the card.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following objects has the most inertia?

• a pen

• a bowling ball

• a ping pong ball

• a car

Multiple Choice

Marshall and his friends like to skateboard in an empty swimming pool. The picture below shows a cross-section of the swimming pool. Several points along Marshall's path have been labeled. At which point is Marshall's potential energy the greatest?

• Point A

• Point B

• Point C

• Point D

Multiple Choice

Which one is balanced?

• top
• bottom
• both

Multiple Choice

According to the article, what is one benefit of a seatbelt?

• It decreases the passenger’s inertia.

• It allows you to share the same motion as the vehicle.

• It makes you fly out of the car when stopping.

• It prevents gravity from affecting the passenger.

Multiple Choice

What is the net force?

• 5 N
• 45 N to the left
• 5 N to the right
• 45 N to the right

Watch It! Station Instructions

Watch the video and be ready to answer the questions on the next slides.

Multiple Choice

The ______of an object tends to make the object resist being set into motion.

• mass
• force
• motion
• unbalanced forces 

Multiple Choice

What is inertia?

• Inertia is an object’s resistance to change in motion.

• Inertia is anything that makes a moving object slow down or stop.

Multiple Choice

Without a force to stop or slow a coasting object, the object will coast forever in a ______ line. 

• blue
• red
• straight
• vertical 

Multiple Choice

What is friction?

• Friction is anything that makes a moving object keep going.

• Friction is anything that makes a moving object slow down or stop.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the best example of Newton's First Law of Motion?

• Jessica's body flies forward after she hits the brakes

• Jessica drives a car

• Jessica is at a road crossing

• Jessica is sleeping

Multiple Choice

What will happen to an object if it is put into motion in space?

• It will stop eventually due to friction.

• It will continue to move until it is acted on by an unbalanced force.

• It will speed up over time.

• It will slow down over time.

Multiple Choice

If I slowly roll a ball down the hallway, why does it eventually stop?

• Because of Newton's First Law
• Friction and Air Resistance
• Inertia
• It wouldn't stop, it would keep going until it hits a wwall.

Assess It! Station Instructions

Each member will answer the questions from the task cards...

Multiple Choice

The tendency of an object to resist change in motion.

• Force
• Motion
• Friction
• Inertia

Multiple Choice

Which force opposes motion between two surfaces in direct contact?

• inertia

• mass

• friction

• acceleration

Multiple Choice

An automobile you are riding in suddenly stops, but you continue to go forward.

• Newton's
  1st
  Law of Motion
• Newton's
  2nd
  Law of Motion
• Newton's
  3rd
  Law of Motion

Multiple Choice

Newton’s 1st Law applies to…

• only moving objects

• only nonmoving objects

• both moving and nonmoving objects

• no objects, except those in space

Multiple Choice

A magician pulls a table cloth from under a table of dishes.

• Newton's
  1st
  Law of Motion
• Newton's
  2nd
  Law of Motion
• Newton's
  3rd
  Law of Motion

Multiple Choice

You push a sofa, but you can’t get it to move by yourself. Why?

• You have more inertia than the sofa.

• There is no inertia because the sofa is not moving.

• Your force is stronger than the friction between the sofa and the floor.

• The sofa’s inertia is greater than your applied force.

Multiple Choice

Which type of force(s) will cause a change in an object's motion?

• gravity
• zero net force
• balanced forces
• unbalanced forces

Multiple Choice

The ______ the mass of an object, the ______ force it will take to accelerate.

• smaller, more

• greater, more

• greater, less

• smaller, less

Multiple Choice

What is the net force of this object? 

• 10 N, no direction
• 10 N left
• 5 N right
• 0 N no direction

Multiple Choice

The larger the mass you have the _____ force you need to change its motion.

• more
• less

Multiple Choice

With unbalanced forces, the object will move in the direction of the _______ force.

• larger 
• smaller 
• equal 

Multiple Choice

According to Newton's second law, if you increase the force applied to an object :

• it accelerates more
• it doesn't move
• you get more inertia
• it decelerates

Multiple Choice

Forces that have a net force of zero ( the object is still).

• Balanced force
• Unbalanced force

Multiple Choice

If both rocks are pushed with the same amount of force, which rock would accelerate more?

• The 400kg Rock because it weighs more.

• The 40kg rock because it weighs less.

Multiple Choice

friction is a force that acts 

• in the same direction as the motion
• opposite to the direction of the motion
• opposite to the applied forces
• the same direction as the applied force

Multiple Choice

Which grocery basket will have the least acceleration, if both grocery baskets are pushed with the same amount of force?

• The one without groceries because it has more mass.

• The one with groceries because it has more mass.

• The one without groceries because it has the least mass.

• The one with groceries because it has least mass.

Multiple Choice

__________ is the sum of all forces acting on an object. It is capable of accelerating a mass. 

• velocity
• gravity
• net force
• distance

Multiple Choice

If the man pushes with an equal amount of force, which object will accelerate more?

• Car because it has more mass

• Lawnmower because it has less mass

• Car because it has less mass

• Lawnmower because it has more mass

Multiple Choice

What is the unit of measurement for force?

• kilograms
• newtons
• grams
• newt

Multiple Choice

A force of 90N is applied to each cart below, which one will accelerate the fastest?

• Cart 1
• Cart 2
• Cart 3 
• Cart 4

Multiple Choice

Calculate the net force shown in the  diagram?

• 6 N
• 0 N
• 3 N
• 9N

Multiple Choice

Two students are in a baseball game. The first student hits a ball very hard and it has a greater acceleration than the second student who bunts the ball lightly.

• Newton's 1st Law
• Newton's 2nd Law
• Newton's 3rd Law

Multiple Choice

What is the net force acting on this box?

• 8N to the right

• 5N to the left

• 5N to the right

• 9N to the left

Multiple Choice

Why would one ball travel a greater distance than the other when pushed with the same amount of force?

• Different sizes
• Different weights
• Different masses
• Different forces

Multiple Choice

What is the net force acting on this box?

• 16N to the right

• 4N to the left

• 0N

• 8N to the left

Multiple Choice

Will it take more force to push an empty shopping cart or a shopping cart that is full?

• The empty shopping cart
• The full shopping cart
• They will take the same amount of force

Multiple Choice

Which of these are examples of Newton's First Law:

1. A stationary object with no outside force will not move

2. An astronaut who has their screwdriver knocked into space will see the screwdriver continue on at the same speed and direction forever

3. If you use the same force to push a truck and a car, the car will have more acceleration than the truck because the car has less mass

4. An object at rest stays at rest

• 1,3,4

• 1,2,4

• 2,3,4

• 1,2,3

Multiple Choice

How can you use Newton’s first law to stop your skateboard?

• Once the skateboard starts moving, it would keep moving at the same speed and in the same direction if not for another unbalanced force. That force is gravity between the skateboard and the pavement. The force of gravity is unbalanced because you are no longer pushing with your foot to keep the skateboard moving. That’s why the skateboard stops.

• Once the skateboard starts moving, it would keep moving at the same speed and in the same direction if not for another unbalanced force. That force is friction between the skateboard and the pavement. The force of friction is unbalanced because you are no longer pushing with your foot to keep the skateboard moving. That’s why the skateboard stops.