Nomenclature of Ionic and Covalent

Naming Ionic Compounds

Multiple Choice

An attraction that holds oppositely charged ions close together.

• Ionic Bond

• Covalent Bond

• Chemical Bond

• Physical Bond

Multiple Choice

Which is most likely to form a negative ion...

• an element from Group 7

• a metal

• an element from Group 1

• an element with atoms that have eight valence electrons

Drag and Drop

A ​

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is a positively charged metal ion. It is positive because metals ​

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electrons when they form ionic bonds.

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cation

lose

anion

gain

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As ​

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is a negatively charged nonmetal ion. It is negative because nonmetals ​

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electrons when they form ionic bonds.

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anion

gain

cation

lose

Objectives

• You will be able to…

  • Determine the oxidation number of an atom or polyatomic ion.

  • Determine the name of an ionic compound from the chemical formula.

  • Determine the chemical formula of an ionic compound when given the name.

A. Oxidation Numbers

• The oxidation number is the charge on an ion.

• Oxidation Numbers indicates the number of electrons gained or lost to become stable.

A. Oxidation Numbers

A. Oxidation Numbers

• ​Transition metals “transition” because they can form many different ions

  • -Ex.  Sodium is always Na+1 because it is in group 1 and group 1 metals have one valence electron à therefore they lose 1 e- to be stable

  • -Iron as a transition metal can be Fe+2 or Fe+3

• ​Because you can’t determine the oxidation number from the periodic table, a Roman Numeral is used to show it.

  • copper (I) ® Cu⁺¹

    copper (II) ® Cu⁺²

Multiple Choice

...................................................is a positive or negative number assigned to an atom to indicate its degree of oxidation or reduction.

• An oxidation number

• A reduction number

• A valance number

Multiple Choice

What is the charge, or oxidation number, for elements in Group 17?

• + 1

• -7

• -1

Multiple Choice

What is the charge, or oxidation number, for elements in Group 2?

• -2

• +2

• -3

Multiple Choice

What are oxidation numbers?

• Number of electrons in the outer most energy level

• Number of protons

• Electrons gained or lost in chemical bonding

• Number of neutrons gained or lost

Multiple Choice

How many valence electrons do elements in Group 15 have?

• 15

• 5

• 4

Multiple Choice

How many electrons are required to fill the outer shell for elements in Group 15

• 15

• 3

• 5

Multiple Choice

What is the charge, or oxidation number, for elements in Group 15?

• 5-

• 3-

• 5+

• 3+

Multiple Choice

What is the charge, or oxidation number, for elements in Group 13?

• + 3

• -5

• +13

Multiple Choice

What is the charge, or oxidation number, for elements in Group 14?

• 14

• +4/-4

• -16

B. Ionic Names

1. Write the names of both elements, cation first. (the metal is the cation)

2. Change the anion’s (nonmetals) ending to -ide.

3. For ions with variable oxidation #’s, write the ox. # in parentheses using Roman numerals. Overall charge = 0.

Multiple Choice

For any neutral compound, the sum of the oxidation numbers of the atoms in the compound must equal ..........

• -1

• +2

• 0

B. Ionic Names Practice

• NaBr

• CrN

• FeCl₃

• Be₃N₂

• K₃P

• CrO

• BeO

• Mn₂O₇

• AlN

• MgCl₂

B. Ionic Names Practice

• NaBr

  • sodium bromide

• CrN

  • chromium (III) nitride

• FeCl₃

  • iron (III) oxide

• Be₃N₂

  • beryllium nitride

• K₃P

  • potassium phosphide

• CrO

  • chromium (II) oxide

• BeO

  • Beryllium oxide

• Mn₂O₇

  • manganese (VII) oxide

• AlN

  • aluminum nitride

• MgCl₂

  • magnesium chloride

Multiple Choice

The name of FeCl₂ is

• iron chloride

• iron (II) chloride

• iron (I) chloride

• iron dichloride

Multiple Choice

LiBr is called

• lithium bromine

• lithium (I) bromine

• lithium bromide

• lithuim (I) bromide

Multiple Choice

When naming a compound, which of these is written first?

• Metal

• Nonmetal

• Anion

• Cation

Multiple Choice

Name the following ionic compound: BeCl₂

• beryllium chlorine

• beryllium II chloride

• beryllium chloride

• beryllium dichloride

Multiple Choice

Which of these combinations is an ionic compound made of?

• Metal and Metal

• Nonmetal and Nonmetal

• Metal and Nonmetal

• Cation and Cation

Multiple Choice

Name the ionic compound SnSe₂

• Tin diselenide

• Tin (IV) Selenide

• Tin selenide

• Tin (II) triselenide

Multiple Choice

What happens to the name of the nonmetal when it is in an ionic formula? (ex. NaCl)?

• name stays the same - doesn't change

• end of name changes to "-ide"

• end of name changes to "-ate"

Multiple Choice

What is the name of the following compound? MgO

• magnesium oxygen

• magnesium oxide

• manganese oxide

• manganese oxygen

B. Ionic Formulas

1. Write each element symbol.  Put the cation first. (metal)

2. Look up the oxidation numbers for each element and write it as a superscript.

3. Overall charge must equal zero.

   1. If charges cancel, just write the symbols.

   2. If not, crisscross the charges to find subscripts.

4. Roman numerals indicate the oxidation #.

B. Ionic Formulas

1. Example: What is the formula for the compound that forms between magnesium phosphide?

​Mg²⁺ P^3-

^Mg₃^P₂

​3(+2)  +  2(-3) = 0

B. Ionic Formulas (practice)

• potassium chloride

  • K⁺  Cl^-     Þ  KCl

• magnesium nitride

  • Mg⁺²  N^-3     Þ  Mg₃N₂

• copper(II) chloride

  • Cu²⁺  Cl^-  Þ  CuCl₂

B. Ionic Formulas (practice)

• potassium chloride

  • K⁺  Cl^-     Þ  KCl

• magnesium nitride

  • Mg⁺²  N^-3     Þ  Mg₃N₂

• copper(II) chloride

  • Cu²⁺  Cl^-  Þ  CuCl₂

B. Ionic Formulas (Practice)

• Aluminum chloride

• lithium nitride

• magnesium iodide

• copper (II) sulfide

• iron (III) oxide

• Calcium oxide

• sodium sulfide

• chromium (VI) sulfide

• manganese (IV) oxide

• cobalt (III) fluoride

B. Ionic Formulas (Practice)

• Aluminum chloride

  • AlCl₃

• lithium nitride

  • Li₃N

• magnesium iodide

  • MgI₂

• copper (II) sulfide

  • CuS

• iron (III) oxide

  • Fe₂O₃

• Calcium oxide

  • CaO

• sodium sulfide

  • Na₂S

• chromium (VI) sulfide

  • Cr₂S₆ = CrS₃

• manganese (IV) oxide

  • Mn₂O₄ = MnO₂

• cobalt (III) fluoride

  • CoF₃

Multiple Choice

Li⁺ and P^3- create...

• Li₃P

• LiP₃

• LiP

• Li₂P

Multiple Choice

What is the charge of Cobalt (III)

• 3+

• 2+

• 8+

• 3-

Multiple Choice

What is the charge and symbol for Lead(IV)

• Pb⁴⁺

• Ld⁴⁺

• Pb^4-

• Ld^4-

Multiple Choice

Transition metals have multiple valence states. Which of the following is the correct way to represent Fe²⁺?

• Fe 2

• Fe II

• Fe (II)

• Fe (III(

Multiple Choice

What is the formula for Magnesium chloride?

• MgCl

• Mg₂Cl

• MgCl₂

• Mg₂Cl₃

Multiple Choice

What is the correct formula for the compound, lithium oxide?

• LiO

• Li₂O

• LiO₂

• Li₂O₂

Multiple Choice

What is the formula for manganese(III) oxide?

• MgO

• Mg₂O₃

• MnO

• Mn₂O₃

Multiple Choice

The chemical formula of Iron (III)bromide is

• FeBr

• Fe(III)Br

• FeBr₃

• Fe₂Br₃

Multiple Choice

How do the following two elements bond together?
Na¹⁺  F^1-         

• NaF

• NaF₃

• Na₃F

• Na₁F₂

Multiple Choice

How do the following two elements bond together?
K¹⁺  S^2- 

• KS

• K₈S

• K₆S₃

• K₂S

Multiple Choice

How do the following two elements bond together?
Al³⁺  O^2-         

• AlO

• Al₂O₃

• Al₃O₆

• Al₃O₂