Ocean Properties and Depth

Reorder

Reorder the following to show deepest (1) to least deep (above water).

• Mariana's Trench

• Abyssal Plain

• Continental Slope

• Continental Shelf

• Culpeper

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Ocean Floor Topography

•Is the study of Earth's surface shape and features.

•Ocean topography is the study of the ocean floor and its features. 

Atoll (Coral Reef)

•An atoll is an island of coral that encircles a lagoon partially or completely. Also known as a Coral Reef.

Match

Match the following

guyot

mid ocean ridge

trench

seamount

hydrothermal vent

• guyot

• mid ocean ridge

• trench

• seamount

• hydrothermal vent

Drag and Drop

Ocean zones horizontally from shore ​

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, ​

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, and ​

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...also known as the open ocean.

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Intertidal zone

Neritic zone

Oceanic zone

Drag and Drop

The area between high and low tide is the ​

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zone. Where fish swim is the ​

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zone. Where light penetrates is the ​

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zone. Below 200m is the ​

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zone. The bottom of the ocean floor can be described as the ​

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zone.

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intertidal

neritic

photic

aphotic

benthic

​Ocean waves at sea.

​Ocean waves as they approach shore forming breakers.

Multiple Choice

Why might a resort pay to import sand?

• The longshore current is eroding sand and depositing it at another resort.

• The longshore current is depositing excessive sand.

• The sand is eroding from inland to the beach.

Open Ended

What is a negative impact of a bay barrier?

​Combating Erosion: Groins, seawalls, breakwalls, & jetty

Drag and Drop

​

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are structures built perpendicular to the shore to lesson the effects of ​

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. ​ ​

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are built on either side of a channel to prevent the formation of a ​

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. ​

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are suppose to combat erosion of sand dunes.

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Groins

the longshore current

Jetties

bay barrier

Sea walls

sand

​Other erosional features

Thermohaline Currents

Winds drive ocean currents in the upper 100 meters of the ocean’s surface. However, ocean currents also flow thousands of meters below the surface. These deep-ocean currents are driven by differences in the water’s density, which is controlled by temperature (thermo) and salinity (haline). This process is known as thermohaline circulation.

In the Earth's polar regions ocean water gets very cold, forming sea ice. As a consequence the surrounding seawater gets saltier, because when sea ice forms, the salt is left behind. As the seawater gets saltier, its density increases, and it starts to sink. Surface water is pulled in to replace the sinking water, which in turn eventually becomes cold and salty enough to sink. This initiates the deep-ocean currents driving the global conveyer belt. -NOAA

​More salt = more dense
More heat = less dense

Thermohaline Currents

​Saltiest water = equator = evaporation
Warmest water = equator

​Upwelling- The process of deep, nutrient-rich water moving upward to replace surface water that has blown farther offshore.

Multiple Choice

A sea cave that cuts completely through the rock is called _____________________________.

• Sea Stack

• Sea Arches

• Headland

• Wave Cut Terrace

Multiple Choice

______________ are offshore columns of resistant rock that were once connected to the mainland.

• Sea Cliff

• Sea Arch

• Sea Stack

• Sea Cave

Multiple Choice

a deposit of sand parallel to the shore is called _____________________.

• Sandbar

• Barrier Spit

• Offshore beach

• delta

Multiple Choice

An outward extension of sand that develops as a result of longshore currents moving sand down a beach is known as a(n) ____________.

• baymouth bar

• spit

• barrier island

• groin

Multiple Choice

An embankment built along the shore to protect inland areas from powerful waves is known as a ____________.

• baymouth bar

• groin

• jetty

• seawall

Multiple Choice

One disadvantage of using a groin is that ____________.

• they create rough waters that contribute to shipwrecks

• prevent lagoons from being opened up to the sea

• they stop the flow of longshore currents

• they cause sand to build up on one side of the groin and erode on the other

Multiple Choice

A wall of concrete or stacked boulders that extend into the ocean on either side of a harbor entrance is known as a ____________.

• baymouth bar

• groin

• jetty

• seawall

Multiple Choice

What is the name for the height of a wave from crest to trough? (labeled number 1 in the figure)

• Wavelength

• Wave Height

• Crest 

• Trough

Multiple Choice

What is the word for the distance between 2 consecutive waves from crest to crest? (labled number 2 in the figure above)

• Wavelength

• Wave Height

• Crest

• Trough

Multiple Choice

What is the name for a current that travels near and parallel to the shoreline?

• upwelling

• longshore current

• undertow

• tsunami

Multiple Choice

permanently dark layer of the oceans below the photic zone

• aphotic zone

• photic zone

• surface zone

• intertidal zone

Multiple Choice

Portion of the shoreline that lies between the high and low tide lines

• open ocean

• deep zone

• intertidal zone

• aphotic zone

Multiple Choice

Portion of the marine biome that is shallow enough for sunlight to penetrate.

• open ocean

• aphotic zone

• photic zone

• deep zone

Multiple Choice

the earth's surface from the edge of a continent to the deep part of the ocean

• aphotic zone

• deep zone

• open ocean

• continental shelf

Multiple Choice

Which feature of the Ocean Floor is shown at Letter B?

• Continental Slope
• Seamount

• Mid Ocean Ridge

• Abyssal Plain

Multiple Choice

Which feature of the Ocean Floor is shown at Letter C?

• Abyssal Plain

• Seamount

• Guyot

• Trench

• Mid-Ocean Ridge

Multiple Choice

Which feature of the Ocean Floor is shown at Letter D?

• Abyssal Plain

• Seamount

• Mid-Ocean Ridge

• Submarine Canyon

• Continental Slope