Cell terms part 2 - 2023

Multiple Choice

Prokaryotes have...

• few organelles and structures

• many complex organelles and structures

Multiple Choice

Prokaryotes do not have a...

• Cytoplasm

• Ribosome

• Nucleus

• Cell Wall

Multiple Choice

A student is observing a cell. He notices that the cell has a cell membrane, ribosomes, and membrane bound organelles. What type of cell is he observing.

• prokaryote

• eukaryote

Multiple Choice

Define plasma membrane

• lipid that helps minimize effects of temperature

• only on the outer surface of the plasma membrane and are attached to proteins or lipids; form distinctive cellular markers

• flexible boundary of a cell that separates a cell from its surroundings

• may extend partway into the plasma membrane, cross the membrane entirely, or be loosely attached to its inside or outside face

25. Porous

• Cell walls and cell membranes

allow water, carbon dioxide,
oxygen and nutrients to pass
through easily

22. Permeability

• Allows liquids and gasses to

pass through

29. Selectively Permeable

• Allows only certain types of

molecules to pass through
and blocks others.

Multiple Choice

The cell membrane is selectively permeable, which means...

• All materials can enter and leave the cell

• Certain things can enter while others cannot

• The cell manually sorts through all materials

• Only certain cells can interact with the cell.

Multiple Choice

What is NOT TRUE about the cell membrane?

• It controls what enters and leaves the cell

• Semipermeable

• Phospholipid bilayer

• Contains digestive enzymes

12. homeostasis

• A state of balance among all

the body systems needed for
the body to survive and
function correctly.

Multiple Choice

Process that regulates internal chemical processes to maintain equilibrium, requiring constant adjustments as internal and external conditions change

• Facilitated Diffusion

• Solute

• Active Transport

• Homeostasis

20. Passive
transport

• A process that does

not require energy to
move molecules from
High to low
concentration.

• 3 types:

1. Diffusion
2. Facilitated diffusion
3. osmosis

NO ENERGY NEEDED:
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated Diffusion

ENERGY NEEDED:
Active Transport

ANALOGY:

Multiple Choice

What does “high concentration area” mean?

• Spread out

• Tightly packed together

• Uncrowded

• Spacious

Multiple Choice

Movement of ions or molecules across a membrane down a concentration gradient ; it does not require the input of energy (example: osmosis)

• Passive transport

• Active Transport

• Facilitated Diffusion

• Exocytosis

Multiple Choice

When particles move from areas of high concentration to areas less concentrated, this has taken place.

• diffusion

• mitosis

• endocytosis

• photosynthesis

6. Diffusion

• Movement of small particles across a

selectively permeable membrane until equilibrium is reached

• Move from high concentration to low

concentration

outside of cell

inside of cell

Multiple Choice

What is diffusion?

• when molecules move 

• when molecules move from a high concentration to a low.

• no movement 

• molecules move everywhere

Multiple Choice

Dispersion (spreading out) of substances in a gas or liquid (example: perfume in a room)

• Endocytosis

• Diffusion

• Exocytosis

• Hypertonic

18. Osmosis

• Diffusion of water through the cell

membrane

• Water diffuses from High

concentration to low concentration

Semi-permeable

membrane is
permeable to

water, but not to

sugar

Multiple Choice

What process occurs when WATER diffuses across a membrane?

• endocytosis

• mitosis

• osmosis

• nuclear fission 

19. Osmotic pressure

• The pressure needed to keep

molecules from moving back and forth through a semipermeable
membrane.

Multiple Choice

Pressure that must be applied to prevent osmotic movement across a selectively permeable membrane

• Hypertonic

• Isotonic

• Hypotonic

• Osmotic Pressure

11. Facilitated Diffusion

• Needs “help” from a protein channel
• Movement of larger molecules like glucose

through the cell membrane.

• Proteins form channels for large molecules to

pass through.

• Molecules move from High to low

concentration

outside of cell

inside of cell

Glucose molecules

Multiple Choice

What forms the channels and pumps in the phospholipid bilayer?

• carbohydrates

• proteins

• hydrophilic heads 

• lipids

Multiple Choice

Why is diffusion and osmosis important to cells?

• It allows them to take in materials without using energy.

• It allows them to reproduce.

• It allows them to absorb sunlight.

• It allows cells to use all energy.

Multiple Choice

Chemicals that are unable to cross the membrane directly are able to diffuse across the membrane through transport proteins. These proteins facilitate (or “help”) the process of diffusion.

• Hypertonic

• Hypotonic

• Isotonic

• Facilitated Diffusion

1. Active Transport

• Movement of molecules from low to high

concentration

• Energy is required as molecules must be

pumped against the concentration gradient
with Protein pumps.

•Ex: Body cells must pump carbon dioxide out into the surrounding blood vessels to be
carried to the lungs for exhale. Blood vessels are high in carbon dioxide compared to
the cells, so energy is required to move the carbon dioxide across the cell membrane

from LOW to HIGH concentration.

outside of cell

inside of cell

Carbon Dioxide
molecules

Multiple Choice

Movement of ions or molecules across a membrane, often against a concentration gradient; requires energy input; (example: endocytosis)

• Active Transport

• Homeostasis

• Passive transport

• Solution

Multiple Choice

What does selectively-permeable mean?

• The cell controls what passes in and out of the cell

• Nothing gets through

• The cell lets only large substances through

Multiple Choice

Diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration

• Facilitated Diffusion

• Active Transport

• Osmosis

• Solvent