Repetition and Replication

Repetition Vs. Replication

SC.7.N.1.2 Differentiate replication (by others) from repetition (multiple trials). E. Question: Why is scientific investigation Replicable?

Reorder

Put the following steps of the scientific method in order:

• Make an observation

• State the problem

• Form a hypothesis

• Test the hypothesis

• Analyze results

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Multiple Choice

To REPEAT means to...

• Do the something again

• Make an exact copy of something

Multiple Choice

To REPLICATE means to...

• Do the something again

• Make an exact copy of something

All good science experiments can be RETESTED!

​

Multiple Select

Why might a scientist want to RETEST an experiment?

• To see if we get the same results

• To find patterns

• Check for mistakes

REPETITON

Repeat the experiment YOURSELF!

Multiple Choice

If you get the same results each TRAIL or time you repeat...

• ...your results are stronger

• ...your results are weaker

REPLICATION

When an experiment is completed by a DIFFERENT scientist

Multiple Choice

If other scientist get the same results as you...

• ..it makes your results stronger

• ...it makes your results weaker

REPETITION OR REPLICATION???

• You are testing different soils on corn seeds

• You test each soil FOUR TIMES

Multiple Choice

Why is this plant experiment repetition?

• Because the same scientist is retesting

• Because a different scientist is retesting

Multiple Choice

When experimenting with the growth of a plant, a scientist uses three (of the same type of) plants, two different fertilizers, equal light, and equal water. What type of variable is the fertilizer?

• Dependent
• Independent
• Control
• Compound

Multiple Choice

In recent scientific history, the classification of protists has changed several times. They now have been regrouped to consider their development over time instead of simply by how they move or look. Which statement best describes such changes in scientific knowledge?

• A. Modern technology and processes make it possible to prove an idea so further research is not necessary

• B. As more knowledge is gained about organisms and natural events, scientific interpretations change as necessary.

• C. Early ideas about taxonomy should be unchallenged so that scientists can continue to classify new species.

• D. An entire species must be discovered before a classification system can be made.

Multiple Choice

Scientific evidence reveals that Earth is gradually growing warmer. Which of the following describes how this warming could cause glaciers to change?

• a) Glaciers could move from the hydrosphere to the biosphere.

• b) Glaciers could move from the biosphere to the hydrosphere.

• c) Glaciers could move from the hydrosphere to the cryosphere.

• d) Glaciers could move from the cryosphere to the hydrosphere.

Multiple Choice

Scientists frequently repeat the experiments of others scientists. Why is this important in science?

• Scientists often ask each other for help in performing experiments.

• Replication of experiments helps to confirm and verify results.

• Scientists frequently perform other scientists’ experiments in order to practice their technique.

• Repeating experiments is an effective way to make sure a laboratory is in optimal condition.

Multiple Choice

Does changing the scent of dog food affect how much the dog eats?

I try original, chicken, beef, and shrimp to see which the dog eats more of.

Which of these would be the control group?

• beef scented

• chicken scented

• original scented

• shrimp scented

Multiple Choice

Cara read an article on why repetition and replication are so important, but she did not understand the difference between them. Which of the following best explains the two terms?

• Repetition is when a scientist repeats an experiment; replication is when a scientist conducts an experiment on genetic material.

• Repetition is when a scientist does the same experiment a number of times; replication is when other scientists reproduce a scientist’s experiment.

• Repetition is when a scientist publishes in more than one scientific periodical; replication is when another scientist reproduces another scientist’s results.

• Repetition is when a scientist commits an error in an experiment the first time and must repeat it; replication is when a scientist repeats an experiment to make sure it is valid.

Multiple Choice

Kaylee reads an article that states that the frequency of chirping by crickets is related to the temperature of

their environment. She wants to conduct an experiment to see if this is true. Kaylee states this hypothesis:

Crickets chirp more frequently when the temperature of their environment increases. What is the test

variable (independent variable) and outcome variable (dependent variable) in Kaylee’s experiment?

• a.test variable (independent variable): number of crickets; outcome variable (dependent variable): frequency of chirping

• b. test variable (independent variable): temperature of environment; outcome variable (dependent variable): frequency of chirping

• c. test variable (independent variable): number of crickets; outcome variable (dependent variable): temperature of environment

• d. test variable (independent variable): frequency of chirping; outcome variable (dependent variable): temperature of environment

Multiple Choice

The variable that is being measured or observed is called the _______________. Hint: this is the variable that is the result or effect

• independent variable

• dependent variable

• control variable

Multiple Choice

The independent variable is the ONE thing you _____.

• change on purpose
• control or keep constant
• measure

Multiple Choice

What step of the scientific method involves making careful observations and writing them down?

• question

• hypothesis

• experiment

• observe & record

Multiple Choice

If you conduct an experiment where you place 5 of the same red candies in different types of soda, all in the same amount of liquid and same type cups the indipendent variable is what? 

• Kind of soda

• Type of cup

• Amount of soda

• Color of candy

Multiple Choice

The following statements were taken from the procedures of four different investigations.

The statement from which investigation is an example of repetition?

• 3 ★ D. Investigation 1

• 3 ★ D. Investigation 2

• 3 ★ D. Investigation 3

• 3 ★ D. Investigation 4

Multiple Choice

Two students are rolling marbles down a ramp and measuring how long they take to reach the bottom. They each have a bag containing marbles made of different materials that are also different sizes and colors. What can the students do to be sure their results can be reproduced?

• Make sure that they both use the same color marbles.

• Make sure that they test the marbles at different times.

• Make sure that they use marbles of the same material and size.

• Make sure that they use a different ramp for each test.

REPETITION OR REPLICATION???

• Your friend created a homemade water filter

• They share their design with you

• You and a few friends recreate and test the handmade water filters

Multiple Choice

If we all complete an experiment that Dean Reeves did...

• ..it is repetition

• ...it is replication

Multiple Choice

If you retest an experiment yourself it is replication.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What makes scientific knowledge durable or long-lasting?

• It will always be expressed under the same conditions.

• It is well supported but can change when new evidence arises.

• It can be expressed as a statement or as a mathematical equation.

• It is something familiar that helps scientists understand anything not familiar.

The six criteria of

science;
CONPTT

Consistent: The results of the observations and experiments are
the same

Observable: Able to watch and see what happens.

EX-Consistency=same

EX- Observable-Senses

Natural: Naturally occurring events.

Predictable: What you think is going to happen.

Testable: Other scientist must be able to perform the same
experiment

Tentativeness: Specific Theories are changed and revised

• Ex Tentative= Earth Flat

• Ex Testable=Studying

Durable - Able to exist for a long time and it is open
to change

Exit ticket and

additional practice

1) complete all questions in the lesson, all overdue assignments in the gradebook and in study island. screenshot your grades and upload in the gradebook

To Be Graded!!!!!!

C – Voice Level 0

H – raise your hand

A – EXIT TICKET

M- with Permission

P – work

independently

S – completed

assignment

Unit 0: The Nature and Practice of Science

MKMS 7th Grade Science

Video Review

​Amoeba Sisters: Nature of Science

Click on the link above to watch the Amoeba Sisters video about the Nature of Science for further review.

Multiple Choice

Natalie is using a three-dimensional representation to study the parts of the human heart. Isaiah is working in a laboratory to test the hypothesis that plants grow taller in green light than in white light. Which of the following best

compares their activities?

• Natalie is conducting a scientific investigation, and Isaiah is not.

• Natalie is not conducting a scientific investigation, and Isaiah is.

• Natalie is conducting an experiment, and Isaiah is conducting a field study.

• Natalie is investigating a scientific model, and Isaiah is conducting

  an experiment.

Multiple Choice

The factor in an experiment that will be changed. 

• dependent variable
• independent variable
• controlled variable
• inferences 

Multiple Choice

Nicholas is conducting an investigation to determine how the number of turtles in a pond changes over several months. Which of the following would be the best way for Nicholas to organize and show his data?

• in a circle graph

• in a line graph

• in a bar graph

• in a diagram

Multiple Choice

This part of the experiment serves as a basis of comparison; the one variable being tested has been omitted. (not changed)

• experimental group
• control group
• data
• variables

Multiple Choice

Jacob conducted an investigation to determine the effect of acid on different types of rocks. He found that the data he collected do not support his hypothesis. Why would Jacob's hypothesis still have some value?

• It might lead to the development of new investigations.

• It demonstrates that Jacob needs more practice investigating.

• It might encourage Jacob to investigate the effect of bases instead.

• It shows that Jacob's investigation could have been better planned.

Multiple Choice

A series of steps used by scientists to solve a problem or answer a question. 

• scientific method
• recipe
• data collection
• metric system

Multiple Choice

The test of a hypothesis is called a

• control
• dependent variable
• conclusion
• experiment

Multiple Choice

Things that stay the same throughout the whole experiment are called

• controls
• conclusions
• independent variables
• constants

Multiple Choice

Dr. Rodriguez conducts an investigation to test her ideas about what causes tornadoes to form. She shares the results of the investigation with other scientists, who then replicate her investigation. Which of the following best explains why

the other scientists do this?

• If they get different results, then they will know that Dr. Rodriguez's

  conclusions apply only to her region.

• If they get the same results, then they will know that Dr. Rodriguez's

  conclusions are most likely correct.

• If they conduct the same investigation, then they can publish an article in a scientific journal.

• If they conduct the same investigation, then they can share credit with Dr. Rodriguez.

Multiple Choice

The name of the numerical information that you measure during your experiment (you organize it into charts and graphs).

• observations

• quantitative data

• variables

• qualitative data

Multiple Choice

There are many different fields of science, each with its own methods of investigation. In which field of science would a field study of volcanoes or other landforms most likely be conducted?

• biology

• chemistry

• geology

• physics

Multiple Choice

What is a hypothesis?

• Your best "educated guess" of what the answer to your question will be
• An untestable statement
• Whatever the teacher tells you is the truth
• An experiment

Multiple Choice

Scientists often replicate experiments to verify the findings. Winch of the following is an example of replication?

• A scientist repeats another scientist's experiment on how sound waves travel.

• A scientist conducts three trials of her own experiment on the behavior of light.

• A scientist heats two different metals to compare the temperatures at which they melt.

• A scientist conducts a different experiment on heat after his first one does not support his hypothesis.

Multiple Choice

This variable is the actual data collected during the experiment. 

• independent variable
• dependent variable
• control group
• data group

Multiple Choice

Destiny conducted an experiment to test which of four types of batteries lasts longest in a flashlight. She used four identical flashlights and placed a different type of new battery in each flashlight. She turned the flashlights on at the same time, and she recorded the time when each flashlight stopped giving off light. Destiny's data are shown.

What is the independent variable in this experiment?

• the type of battery used

• the type of flashlight used

• the total amount of time each battery lasts

• the starting time when each flashlight is turned on

Multiple Choice

A scientist conducted an investigation to determine the relationship between algae growth and available light at increasing ocean depths. The scientist lowered a light meter into the ocean and recorded the amount of light at different depths. The scientist also collected a water sample at each depth to count the number of algae present. The table below shows the results.

Based on the information in the table, which of the following statements best describes the relationship between light and the density of the algae population?

• As the light level decreases, the density ofthe algae population decreases.

• As the light level decreases, the density of the algae population increases.

• As the density of the algae population increases, it reduces the light level.

• Light level has no effect on the density ofthe algae population.

Multiple Choice

objects or ideas that represent other things; they help us to understand objects or ideas that are too small or too big to see with our eyes

• investigation

• model

• experiment

• research

Multiple Choice

Christian conducts an experiment to test the hypothesis that adding sugar to water increases its boiling point. Christian conducts several trials of the experiment. What does conducting the trials allow Christian to do?

• choose different variables to test

• make sure the results are reliable

• change the hypothesis based on the results

• change the results at the end of the experiment

Multiple Choice

conducting the exact same experiment over and over and over again

• replication

• repetition

• trials

• accuracy

Multiple Choice

Hannah conducted an experiment to determine the temperature at which an unknown substance freezes. She conducted multiple trials of her experiment. Then Angel followed Hannah's procedure to verify her results. Which of the following statements best compares what Hannah and Angel did?

• Hannah repeated her experiment, and Angel replicated it.

• Hannah replicated her experiment, and Angel repeated it.

• Hannah and Angel both replicated the experiment.

• Hannah and Angel both repeated the experiment.

Multiple Choice

the portion of an experiment that you do NOTHING to; it serves as a comparison to the experimental group; it is what you will use to compare to the other lab outcomes

• evidence

• control group

• variable

• constant

Multiple Choice

Mr. Benjamin asked his class to form four groups. He provided the groups with identical balances, rulers, and metal blocks. He asked each group to use the tools to determine the mass, volume, and density of its block. The table below shows each group's data.

Mr. Benjamin informed the class that the actual density of each metal block was 3.21 g/cm³. Which of the following is most likely responsible for differences in the data?

• Group 2 calculated incorrectly.

• Group 2 measured incorrectly.

• Group 3 measured incorrectly.

• Group 3 recorded data incorrectly.

Multiple Choice

a factor that is not changed in an experiment; all the parts that stay the same to keep the experiment fair and consistent

• variable

• control group

• constant

• evidence

Multiple Choice

A scientist is investigating two unknown organisms. She plans to use the characteristics of the organisms to classify them. She has observed each organism and samples of its cells and has recorded her observations. The table lists some of her observations.

An experiment is only one of several different kinds of investigations that scientists conduct. Which of the following statements best describes why the scientist's investigation is NOT an experiment?

• She did not conduct a carefully controlled test.

• She did not take measurements and record data.

• She did not display her observations in a line graph.

• She observed the characteristics of only two organisms.

Multiple Choice

independent variable 

• condition or factor that is manipulated by a scientist during an experiment. 
• experimental data collected through observation and measurement. 
• condition that is controlled so that it does not change during an experiment. 
• proposed explanation or answer to a scientific question. 

Multiple Choice

Different methods are used in conducting investigations in different fields of science. Which of the following is a scientist in the field of biology most likely to do?

• conduct experiments on the properties of matter

• observe erosion and deposition by rivers

• observe bird populations in a forest

• model how tectonic plates move

Multiple Choice

constant

• process that test a hypothesis by collecting information under controlled conditions. 
• condition that is controlled so that it does not change during an experiment.
• is a logical interpretation based on prior knowledge. 
• process that test a hypothesis by collecting information under controlled conditions. 

Multiple Choice

A scientist measured the weight of a steel ball on an ocean beach and again on a mountaintop and compared the measurements. The scientist found that the ball weighed slightly more on the beach than on the top of the mountain. Based on this information, which of the following is the most logical hypothesis for the scientist to state?

• As elevation decreases, the force of gravity decreases.

• As elevation increases, the force of gravity decreases.

• Elevation does not affect the force of gravity.

• As elevation increases, weight increases.

Multiple Choice

theory

• process that test a hypothesis by collecting information under controlled conditions. 
• proposed explanation or answer to a scientific question.
• is a statement about an observed phenomenon or a unifying concept
• a well tested explanation for a wide variety of observations and experimental results. 

Multiple Choice

Keesha did an experiment to study the rate of photosynthesis in the water plant Elodea. She placed a piece of Elodea in a beaker of water and set the beaker 10 centimeters (cm) from a light source. Keesha counted the bubbles released from the plant every minute for five minutes (min). She repeated the process two more times. First, she moved the light to 20 cm from the beaker, and then she moved the light to 30 cm from the beaker. Keesha’s setup and data are shown below.

What is the outcome variable (dependent variable) in this experiment?

• the number of bubbles produced

• the type of plant placed in the beaker

• the amount of time the bubbles were counted

• the distance of the light source from the plant

Multiple Choice

law

• a well tested explanation for a wide variety of observations and experimental results. 
• is a statement about an observed phenomenon or a unifying concept
• proposed explanation or answer to a scientific question.
• condition that is controlled so that it does not change during an experiment.

Multiple Choice

The statements in the chart were taken from the procedures of four different investigations. The statement from which investigation is an example of repetition?

• Investigation 1

• Investigation 2

• Investigation 3

• Investigation 4

Multiple Choice

dependent variable 

• a well tested explanation for a wide variety of observations and experimental results. 
• condition that is controlled so that it does not change during an experiment.
• variable that is observed and changes in response to the variable manipulated by a scientist, variable that is measured.
• is a statement about an observed phenomenon or a unifying conceptproposed explanation or answer to a scientific question.condition that is 

Multiple Choice

Grace wants to find out how many kinds of organisms live in tide pools on a certain rocky shore. Which of the following would be the best investigation for Grace to conduct?

• survey

• observational study

• experiment

• laboratory study

Multiple Choice

Representation of an idea, event, or object

• concept

• graph

• display

• model

Multiple Choice

Christopher states the hypothesis that a mouse's body temperature decreases as the air temperature around the mouse decreases. He wants to design an experiment to test his hypothesis. What should the dependent variable be in

this experiment?

• the air temperature

• the mass of the mouse

• the mouse's body temperature

• the amount of time for the experiment

Multiple Choice

Rule of nature that tells you what will happen under certain conditions

• scientific law

• scientific method

• scientific theory

• scientific observation

Multiple Choice

Organized set of investigation procedures

• organized procedures

• scientific obserations

• scientific methods

• science steps

Multiple Choice

The following statements were taken from the procedures of four different investigations. The statement from which investigation is an example of repetition?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

Different methods are used in conducting investigations in different fields of science. Which of the following is a scientist in the field of physics most likely to do?

• model how volcanoes erupt

• observe fish in ocean ecosystems

• conduct laboratory experiments on light

• conduct laboratory experiments on rocks

Multiple Choice

How closely measurements are to each other

• calculations

• bias

• estimate

• precision

Multiple Choice

At a science conference, a scientist presented the results ol his field study on dinosaur fossils. Other scientists disagreed with the conclusions, and a debate occurred. How might this debate most likely benefit scientific knowledge?

• by leading to fewer investigations of fossils and more direct observations of dinosaurs

• by leading to the rewriting of the law of superposition and other

  scientific laws

• by leading to new investigations and a greater understanding of fossils

• by leading to fewer field studies and more laboratory experiments

Multiple Choice

A scientist designs and conducts an experiment to see if a new skin cream heals burns faster than an existing cream. Which of the following should the scientist do next to make sure the investigation and results are valid?

• conduct many trials of the same experiment

• share the results right away with other scientists

• design and conduct a new experiment to test a different cream

• design and conduct a new experiment to test more than one variable

Multiple Choice

Which type of sugar dissolves the fastest?

Which is the independent variable?

• The temperature of the water

• The amount of water

• The type of sugar

• The type of cup you use

Multiple Choice

Two recent models of the atom are shown below. The modem model has replaced the Bohr model in current scientific thinking. Which of the following statements explains why the atomic model has changed?

• Evidence from new investigations led to the development of the modern model.

• Scientists developed the modern model to support a new hypothesis.

• Too many years passed after the Bohr model was developed.

• Scientists decided that the Bohr model was too complicated.

Multiple Choice

How much food does a goldfish need to grow?

Which is the dependent variable?

• The type of fish

• How much food you give the fish

• How fast they grow

• The amount of water in the tank

Multiple Choice

Science

• The study of the educated guesses

• The study of the sound

• The study of the natural and physical world through observations and experiments

• What you can taste.

Multiple Choice

Qualitative Data

• Descriptive Data

• Data that includes numbers

• The only data use during an experiment

• Data found when you are determining your hypothesis.

Multiple Choice

What form of data do scientist prefer?

• Measurable data/empirical evidence
• Qualitative data
• Uncontrolled evidence
• Single trial data/evidence

Multiple Choice

Quantitative Data

• Data found by using smell

• Numerical Data

• Bad data, not relivable.

• Data that comes from hearing something large.

Multiple Choice

Kathy used a survey to determine how many of her classmates were left-handed and how many were right-handed.
Which step of the scientific method is this?

• Stating the problem
• Forming a hypothesis
• Conducting an experiment
• Drawing a  conclusion

Multiple Choice

Stephen predicted that seeds would start to grow faster if an electric current traveled through the soil in which they were planted.  
Which step of the scientific method is this?

• Stating the problem
• Forming a hypothesis
• Conducting an experiment
• Drawing a  conclusion

Multiple Choice

A teacher leads the class in an experiment to determine the friction of different liquids on a sloped surface. The teacher asks the students to come up with a scientific question for the experiment. Four students came up with these questions.

Which question can be answered using quantitative data?

•  

  A. student 1's question 

   

•  

   

   

  B. student 2's question

   

• C. student 3's question

   

• D. student 4's question

Multiple Choice

Keesha did an experiment to study the rate of photosynthesis in the water plant Elodea. She placed a piece of Elodea in a beaker of water and set the beaker 10 centimeters (cm) from a light source. Keesha counted the bubbles released from the plant every minute for five minutes (min). She repeated the process two more times. First, she moved the light to 20 cm from the beaker, and then she moved the light to 30 cm from the beaker. Keesha’s setup and data are shown below.

• A. the number of bubbles produced

• B. the type of plant placed in the beaker

• C. the amount of time the bubbles were counted

• D. the distance of the light source from the plant