S8P1 Lesson

Chemical and Physical Properties

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Physical Properties of an Element

Physical Property: Characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the composition (identity) of a substance

You don't have to change what an apple is made of to see that it is red and being able to hold it in your hand

Open Ended

List 3 physical properties of a this can of Sprite.

Physical Propeties

Density is a property that describes the relationship between the mass of a material and its volume. It does not change the substance.

Substances that have a higher density contain more matter (stuff) in a given volume.

The density of a substance will stay constant/the same.

Multiple Select

Density is a physical property that describes the relationshipep between the ________ of its _________.

• matter, volume

• mass, volume

• volume, matter

• none of the above

Physical Property-Melting Point

• The temperature at which a solid can change to a liquid.

  
  

  
  

• The temperature at which a pure substance melts is unchanging under constant conditions.

  
  

Multiple Choice

The physical property melting point is the

• temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid

• temperature at which a liquid boils

• temperature at which a solid can change to a liquid

Physical Property-Boiling Point

• The temperature at which liquid boils.

• A substance can change from a liquid to a gas.

• Boiling temperature is unchanging under constant conditions for a given substance.

  
  

Poll

Choose all the sections below that are true about the properties of boiling point.

• at the point a liquid boils

• changes from a liquid to a gas

• boiling temperature is unchanging

Physical Properties- Color of Substance

• Can be used to identify substances along with other properties.

• The absence of color is also a physical property.

Open Ended

Describe how to use color as a physical property.

Physical Properties of Metals

• Good conductor of heat and electricity.

• Conductivity- does it heat up or allow electricity to pass through it.

• Is it ductile- can it be stretched out into a wire.

• Can it be hammered into sheets or pounded into shapes- Malleable.

• Do they have luster- are they Shiny?

• They are solid at room temperature. Except for Mercury (Hg).

Multiple Choice

In metals conductivity is a good

• good conductor of heat only

• conductor of heat and electricy

• conductor of electricity

Multiple Choice

The tranisition metal copper has luster. This means

• is is very dull

• it is very shiny

• it is very thin

• it is very dirty

Open Ended

Explain malleable and ductile metals. What can be done to them?

Chemical Properties

Can ONLY be observed by changing the identity of the substance. A material's properties that becomes evident during a chemical reaction

Wood can be burned to produce ash and smoke.  Both with different properties than the original

Chemical Properties

• Flammability- the ability of a chemical to burn or ignite.

• Combustibility-how easily a substance can burst into flames, through fire or combustion.

• Toxicity-an elements ability to become toxic or poisonous

• pH- how acidic or basicity something is. Acidic can have a sour taste, smell that burns, and a sticky texture. Basicity can be bitter like baking soda, no smell, and slippery.

Multiple Choice

Which chemical property has the ability to become poisonous?

• flammability

• combustibility

• toxicity

• pH

Multiple Choice

Which chemical property has an acidic or basicity measure?

• flammability

• combustibilty

• toxicity

• pH

Chemical Properties Continued

• Reactivity- the ability of matter to react chemically with other substances.

• Oxidize- ability to react with oxgyen

• Ability of substances to react with acids or water but not all substances do this.

Open Ended

Explain reactivity.

Poll

The characteristic chemical and physical properties of a substance are always the ________ whether you are observing a large or small sample.

• same

• different

Multiple Choice

Which chemical property has the ability to burn or ignite?

• combustibility

• flammability

• toxicity

• pH