Atomic Theory

REVIEW:
Matter, Chemical trends, & Chemical Bonding

Multiple Choice

Does the following reaction violate Dalton’s Atomic Theory?

• TRUE

• FALSE

EXPLANATION:

​Daltons theory states that atoms cannot be created or destroyed

Multiple Choice

Isotopes of the same element differ in what property? 

• Proton

• Electron

• Neutron

• Ice

Multiple Choice

Isotopes of the same element are similar by which property?

• Proton

• Electron

• Neutron

• Ice

EXPLANATION:

Some elements contain isotopes:

Isotopes of the same element has the same amount of protons and electron but differ in the neutron amount. Which also increases of decreases the atomic mass

Fill in the Blank

Identify the ion with a 1+ charge, atomic number 55, and mass number 133:

________

EXPLANATION:

Cesium :

Atomic #: 55

Atomic Mass: 132.9

Charge: 1+

Draw

Draw the correct Bohr Diagram for: Argon 

EXPLANATION:

Multiple Choice

Periods tell us which characteristic?

• Valence electrons 

• Amount of shells 

• Amount of protons 

• Amount of neutrons

Multiple Choice

Groups tell us which characteristic?

• Valence electrons 

• Amount of shells 

• Amount of protons 

• Amount of neutrons

EXPLANATION:

1. Periods tell us the amount of shells for the given element
   

2. Groups tell us the amount of valence electrons for the given element

Multiple Choice

Non-metals are good conductors of electricity?

• TRUE

• FALSE

EXPLANATION:

• Metals: shiny, malleable, good conductors of heat and electricity
  

• Non-metals: dull, poor conductors of heat and electricity
  

• Metalloids: conduct heat and electricity moderately well, possessing some properties of metal and non-metals

Multiple Select

Which groups are the MOST reactive (select all that applies)

• Alkali metal 

• Alkali earth metals 

• Noble gasses 

  Transition metals 

  Halogens

• Transition metals 

• Halogens

EXPLANATION:

​Halogens and Alkali metals are the most reactive because they are only one electron away from satisfying the octet rule:

• Halogens: need to gain 1 electron

• Alkali Metals: need to lose 1 electron

Multiple Choice

What group does Nitrogen belong to?

• Alkali metals 

• Alkali earth metals 

• Pnictogens 

• Chalcogens 

EXPLANATION:

Multiple Choice

In an Ionization reaction is there a release of energy or absorption of energy?

• Release energy  

• Absorption of energy

EXPLANATION:

Multiple Choice

Does a cation gain protons to form a positive charge or does it lose electrons?

• Gains protons 

• Loses electrons

EXPLANATION:

Cations: Lose electrons to become more positive

Anions: Gain electrons to become negative

Multiple Select

Which of the following atoms would be expected to form negative ions in binary ionic compounds (select all that apply):

• P

• Mg

• Cl

• Cs

Multiple Select

What is the charge of: Lead (select all that applies)

• 2+

• 3+

• 4+

• 5+ 

EXPLANATION:

Multiple Choice

Why is it incorrect to say NaCl is a molecular compound?

• NaCl is made from an anion and cation 

• NaCl is made from a non-metal and metal 

• NaCl is a crystal 

• All of the above

EXPLANATION:

NaCl is an ion:

• Na is a metal with a charge of 1+ (CATION)

• Cl is a non metal with a char 1- (ANION)

• Forms a crystal (SALT)

Multiple Choice

Is this molecule ionic or covalent: NO

• ionic

• covalent

EXPLANATION:

Covalent because the compound is made from two non-metals and if you calculate the electronegativity it will form covalent bonds

Draw

Draw the Lewis Dot Diagram for Se

EXPLANATION:

Draw

Draw the correct Lewis dot diagram for the ion: As

RMR: to show the charge required to make it a full octet

EXPLANATION:

Draw

Write Lewis structures for the following: ClNO

EXPLANATION:

Multiple Choice

Which atom in each pair is more electronegative: Si or N

• Si 

   

• N

EXPLANATION:

​Si: 1.8

N: 3.0

Multiple Choice

Identify the more polar bond in each of the following pairs of bonds: 

• SH

• OH

EXPLANATION:

SH: 2.5-2.1 = 0.4

OH: 3.5 -2.1 = 1.4

Multiple Choice

Identify if this compound has ionic, polar covalent, or non-polar covalent bonds: BH

• Non-polar 

• Polar 

• Ionic

Multiple Choice

Name the following compound: CsCl

• Cesium chlorine 

• Cesium chloride 

• Calcium chloride 

• Cesium Calcide

Multiple Choice

Name the following compound: S₃O₅

• Sulfur oxide 

• Trisulfur oxide

• Trisulfur pentaoxide 

• Sulfur pentaoxide

Fill in the Blank

Write the formulas of the following compound: aluminum bromide

Multiple Choice

Write the correct chemical name for the following compounds: FeCl₂

• Iron Chloride 

• Iron Chloride (II)

• Iron (II) Chloride

Multiple Choice

What is the correct name for Calcium nitrate? 

• CaNO₃

• Ca(NO₃)₂

• Ca(NO)₂