Earth Science SOL Review Sheet #6 - Rocks

Earth Science SOL Review Sheet #6:

Rocks

·   Non-clastic sedimentary rocks include limestone and rock salt.

·   Metamorphic rocks can be foliated or unfoliated (nonfoliated).

·   Foliated metamorphic rocks have bands of different minerals. Slate, schist, and gneiss are foliated metamorphic rocks.

·   Unfoliated metamorphic rocks have little or no banding and are relatively homogenous throughout. Marble and quartzite are unfoliated metamorphic rocks.

·   Interpret the rock cycle diagram.

·   Classify the following rock types as igneous, metamorphic, or sedimentary: pumice, obsidian, basalt, granite, sandstone, conglomerate, shale, limestone, slate, schist, gneiss, marble, and quartzite.

·   Igneous rock forms from molten rock that cools and hardens either below or on Earth’s surface.

·   Sedimentary rocks may either form from rock fragments or organic matter bound together or they are formed by chemical precipitation.

·   Metamorphic rocks form when any rock is changed by the effects of heat, pressure, or chemical action.

·   Extrusive igneous rocks have small or no crystals resulting in fine- grained or glassy textures.

·   Intrusive igneous rocks have larger crystals and a coarser texture.

·   Extrusive igneous rocks include pumice, obsidian, and basalt.

·   Intrusive igneous rocks include granite.

·   Sedimentary rocks are clastic or chemical

·   Clastic sedimentary rocks are made up of fragments of other rocks and include sandstone, conglomerate, and shale.

Essential Knowledge and Skills

Let's practice important words you need to know.

​

​Vocabulary

Multiple Choice

Metamorphic rock whose minerals are arranged in parallel layers

• magma

• basalt

• foliated

• clastic

Multiple Choice

Rock formed from the cooling and hardening of magma or lava

• Granite
• Metamorphic rock
• Sedimentary rock
• Igneous rock

Multiple Choice

Formed from lava; 

  they cool fast, so they have small or no crystals

  examples include:  basalt, pumice, obsidian

• Extrusive igneous rocks

• Metamorphic rocks
• Sedimentary rocks
• Intrusive igneous rock

Multiple Choice

Formed from magma;

  they cool slow so they have visible mineral  

  crystals and coarse texture.  Example: granite

• Extrusive igneous rocks

• Metamorphic rocks
• Sedimentary rocks
• Intrusive igneous rock

Multiple Choice

Molten rock beneath the earth’s surface

• magma
• lava
• volcanic ash
• igneous rock

Multiple Choice

Rock that has undergone physical and chemical changes due to extreme heat or pressure.

• Igneous rock
• Sedimentary rock
• Granite
• Metamorphic rock

Multiple Choice

Metamorphic rock that shows

  parallel banding Example: gneiss and schist

• Igneous rocks

• Non-foliated metamorphic rocks

• Foliated metamorphic rocks

• Sedimentary rocks

Multiple Choice

Metamorphic rock that has

  been recrystalized; does not show banding

• Igneous rocks

• Non-foliated metamorphic rocks

• Foliated metamorphic rocks

• Sedimentary rocks

Multiple Choice

Rock that has undergone physical and chemical changes due to extreme heat or pressure

• Igneous rock
• Sedimentary rock
• Metamorphic rock
• Granite

Multiple Choice

Sedimentary rocks made from  

  fragments of other rocks. Example: sandstone

• Foliated metamorphic rocks

• Non-foliated Metamorphic rocks

• Non-clastic sedimentary rocks

• Clastic sedimentary rocks

Multiple Choice

Sedimentary rocks made

  from chemical processes. Example: limestone

• Foliated metamorphic rocks

• Non-foliated Metamorphic rocks

• Non-clastic sedimentary rocks

• Clastic sedimentary rocks

Multiple Choice

How large the mineral crystals are

• Texture

• Microscopic

• Intrusive

• Clastic

Multiple Choice

A diagram showing how the formation of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks are interrelated

• The granite cycle

• The clastic cycle

• The rock cycle

• The mineral cycle

Now, let's practice some SOL-type questions.

​

Sol Review

Multiple Choice

Which rock is metamorphic and shows evidence of foliation?

Multiple Choice

The diagrams below show the crystals of four different rocks viewed through the same hand lens. Which crystals most likely formed from molten material that cooled and solidified most rapidly?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following rocks is NOT igneous?

• Granite

• Gneiss

• Obsidian

• Basalt

Multiple Choice

The "weathering" position in the rock cycle would be found–

• At position 1

• At position 2

• At position 3

• At position 4

Multiple Choice

During metamorphism, shale becomes–

• Marble

• Quartzite

• Slate

• Gneiss

Multiple Choice

This picture shows a section of the Rocky Mts.. The rocks are mainly limestone. The dark horizontal stripe is a sill. Barely noticeable, above and below the sill is a white band of metamorphic rock. What kind of rock should it be?

• Marble

• Quartzite

• Slate

• Basalt

Multiple Select

The two types of metamorphic rock are– (Select both)

• Foliated

• Non-foliated

• Clastic

• Non-clastic

Multiple Choice

Which of these best describes intrusive igneous rock?

• solidifies from lava, cools quickly, large crystals

• solidifies from lava, cools slowly, small crystals

• solidifies from magma, cools quickly, large crystals

• solidifies from magma, cools slowly, large crystals

Multiple Choice

Pumice is an igneous rock that can float on water. Which of these is most likely pumice?