EXPLANATION TEXT

​Do you know how rain can fall from the sky?

​Do you know how rainbows appear?

EXPLANATION TEXT

• Generic Structure

• Language Features

How to write explanation text

• Definition

• Purpose

• Types of explanation

What is explanation text

EXPLANATION TEXT

Definition

Explanation text is a text which tells the processes relating to forming of natural, social, scientific, and cultural phenomena

This text explains "why" and "How" the phenomena happen.

Kita bisa menemukan teks tersebut di buku bidang sains, georgrafi dan sejarah.

​Purpose

To explain how or why something happens


tujuan dari explanation text adalah untuk menjelaskan bagaimana atau kenapa sesuatu terjadi

this type explains the details what causes the change from the one to the next

memaparkan detail tentang penyebab perubahan dari satu tahap ke tahap yang lainnya

eg; why people feel sleepy after meal?

​Casual Explanation
Penyebab perubahan Penomena

this type tells the details stages of an event

jenis teks yang menjelaskan tahapan terjadinya sesuatu. runtut dari awal hingga akhir

eg; How caterpillar turns into a butterfly, how life circle of frog is ?

Sequence Explanation
urutan suatu penomena

TYPES

Generic Structure

General Statement

it states the phenomena or issue which are to be explained

di paragrap pertama, memaparkan isu yang akan dijelaskan dan memberikan latar belakang fenomena atau isu yang akan dibahas

Two-thirds of the Earth’s surface is covered in water, and 97% of that is salty seawater. Only 3% of our planet’s water is fresh such as water in rivers, lake, and streams. This fresh water plays a big role in explaining how the sea becomes salty. Water moves around our planet in a cycle powered by the sun: from the sea, to the sky, to the land and then back to the sea.

Generic Structure

Explanation

it states a series of steps which explain the phenomena

di paragrap ini, menjelaskan tahapan/ urutan kejadian yang juga menjawab bagaimana sebuah fenomena itu terjadi

When the sun heats the water in the sea, it changes into gas called water vapour and rises into the air, through a process called evaporation. After that, the water vapour turns back into liquid water while floating in the air, forming clouds through a process called condensation. Then this water eventually falls from the clouds in the sky as rain, sleet, hail or snow in which the process is also called precipitation. When these flows into streams and rivers, and eventually makes its way back to the sea

Generic Structure

Conclusion

which contains the conclusions of the entire process that has been explained previously.

Terakhir, ada bagian conclusion, yang berisi kesimpulan dari seluruh proses yang sudah dijelaskan sebelumnya.

Thus, the main salt in seawater is sodium chloride. The rain water flows off the land and into the rivers and streams that lead all the way to the sea, carrying the dissolved salts along with it that makes the seawater salty.

Language Features

• Abstract Nouns : Kt. Benda yang tidak berwujud (ex; phenomena, proses, love)

• Simple present : S + V1 + S/ES

• Passive Voice : S + TOBE + V3

• Action verb : Kt. Kerja yang menjelaskan aksi

• technical Terms : istilah teknis terkait semua fenomena atau isu

​How Seawater Becomes Salty

General Statement:

Two-thirds of the Earth’s surface is covered in water, and 97% of that is salty seawater. Only 3% of our planet’s water is fresh such as water in rivers, lake, and streams. This fresh water plays a big role in explaining how the sea becomes salty. Water moves around our planet in a cycle powered by the sun: from the sea, to the sky, to the land and then back to the sea.

Explanation:

When the sun heats the water in the sea, it changes into gas called water vapour and rises into the air, through a process called evaporation. After that, the water vapour turns back into liquid water while floating in the air, forming clouds through a process called condensation. Then this water eventually falls from the clouds in the sky as rain, sleet, hail or snow in which the process is also called precipitation. When these flows into streams and rivers, and eventually makes its way back to the sea.

Furthermore, the rain that falls from the sky contains small amounts of chemicals called carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide which makes the rain slightly acidic. This acid can absorb small amounts of mineral salts, including sodium and chloride. These mineral salts are dissolved from the rocks which then enter the water.

Conclusion:

Thus, the main salt in seawater is sodium chloride. The rain water flows off the land and into the rivers and streams that lead all the way to the sea, carrying the dissolved salts along with it that makes the seawater salty.