NOTES: Kinetic and Potential Energy

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes energy?

• The ability to do work or cause change

• The amount of matter in an object

• The speed at which an object moves

• The color of an object

Open Ended

Why is understanding energy important in our daily lives?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between potential and kinetic energy?

• Energy can change from potential to kinetic and vice versa, but it is never created or destroyed.

• Potential energy can only be converted into kinetic energy, not the other way around.

• Kinetic energy is always greater than potential energy in any system.

• Energy can be created when potential energy is converted to kinetic energy.

Multiple Select

Which of the following factors affect the amount of kinetic energy an object has?

• Mass of the object

• Speed of the object

• Color of the object

• Shape of the object

Open Ended

Based on the graph and table, how does the kinetic energy of an object change as its speed increases?

Fill in the Blank

The SI unit for kinetic energy is the ______.

Multiple Select

Which information do you need to calculate the kinetic energy of a moving object?

• The object's mass

• The object's velocity

• The object's color

• The object's direction

Multiple Choice

A car with a mass of 1200 kg is traveling at a velocity of 100 m/s. What is its kinetic energy?

• 6,000,000 J

• 120,000 J

• 60,000 J

• 1,200,000 J

Multiple Choice

What is the kinetic energy of a bicycle with a mass of 14 kg traveling at a velocity of 3.0 m/s east?

• 42 J

• 63 J

• 84 J

• 56 J

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes potential energy?

• Energy due to motion

• Stored energy due to position

• Energy released as heat

• Energy from chemical reactions

Multiple Choice

Which variables are needed to calculate the gravitational potential energy of an object?

• Mass, velocity, and time

• Mass, gravity, and height

• Force, distance, and time

• Mass, acceleration, and position

Multiple Choice

Which of the following scenarios best demonstrates kinetic energy?

• A ferris wheel before it starts turning

• A yoyo before it is released

• A boy running around the track in a 400 m race

• A child sitting at the top of a slide

Open Ended

Explain how energy is transformed in the process of using a yoyo, from when it is held still to when it is moving.

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about potential and kinetic energy are correct?

• Potential energy is the energy of motion.

• Kinetic energy is stored energy.

• Potential energy can transform into kinetic energy.

• Kinetic energy can transform into potential energy.

Fill in the Blank

After liftoff, the space shuttle mostly has ________ energy.

Fill in the Blank

According to the law of conservation of energy, energy is never created nor destroyed; it just ________ forms.

Open Ended

Describe a real-life situation where the law of conservation of energy can be observed, and explain the energy transformations that occur.

Multiple Choice

What happens to kinetic energy when potential energy increases as an object moves up a hill?

• Kinetic energy increases

• Kinetic energy decreases

• Kinetic energy stays the same

• Kinetic energy disappears

Open Ended

Explain the relationship between an object's speed and its kinetic and potential energy as it moves up and down a hill.

Fill in the Blank

The sum of kinetic energy and potential energy in a roller coaster is a ___

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements are true about the conversion of potential energy to kinetic energy in a roller coaster?

• As the coaster goes down, potential energy is converted to kinetic energy.

• At the lowest point, the coaster has maximum kinetic energy and minimum potential energy.

• As the coaster goes up, kinetic energy is converted to potential energy.

• The sum of kinetic and potential energy is always changing.

Fill in the Blank

Energy is the capacity to do ___ or cause change.

Open Ended

How would you explain the relationship between energy, work, and force based on what you learned in this lesson?