Protein Synthesis

Open Ended

How does DNA code for protein?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in the human body?

• Providing structure to muscles

• Acting as enzymes

• Storing genetic information

• Facilitating cell transport

Multiple Choice

Which part of an amino acid determines its unique chemical properties?

• Amino group

• Carboxyl group

• R group

• Hydrogen atom

Multiple Select

Which of the following are functions of proteins in the human body?

• Transporting oxygen

• Providing genetic code

• Catalyzing chemical reactions

• Building muscle tissue

Open Ended

Explain how the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain affects the final structure and function of a protein.

Multiple Choice

What is gene expression?

• The process of copying DNA into RNA

• The turning on and off of genes to synthesize needed proteins

• The translation of mRNA into proteins

• The mutation of genes in a cell

Multiple Choice

During translation, what molecule carries amino acids to the ribosome?

• mRNA

• DNA

• tRNA

• rRNA

Multiple Choice

What is the main function of insulin in the human body after consuming foods high in sugar, such as cake and ice cream?

• To help cells absorb sugar from the bloodstream

• To break down proteins into amino acids

• To transport oxygen in the blood

• To produce digestive enzymes

Open Ended

Explain the process of transcription and its significance in protein synthesis.

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements are true about the process of transcription as shown in the diagram?

• RNA polymerase synthesizes mRNA from a DNA template

• Transcription occurs in the cell nucleus

• Uracil in mRNA replaces thymine found in DNA

• Transcription produces amino acids directly

Multiple Choice

If the mRNA codon is CAU, what amino acid does it code for according to the codon chart?

• Histidine

• Glutamine

• Leucine

• Methionine

Open Ended

Describe the steps you would take to determine the polypeptide sequence coded by a given DNA sequence, using the information from the images.

Open Ended

Explain the roles of the nucleus, ribosome, rough ER, and Golgi apparatus in the process of protein synthesis and transport within a cell.

Multiple Choice

Which process involves the conversion of DNA to mRNA, and which process involves the conversion of mRNA to protein?

• Transcription converts DNA to mRNA, and translation converts mRNA to protein.

• Translation converts DNA to mRNA, and transcription converts mRNA to protein.

• Replication converts DNA to mRNA, and translation converts mRNA to protein.

• Transcription converts DNA to protein, and translation converts mRNA to DNA.