Evidence For Evolution Days 2&3

​Think about it... you'll answer on the next slide.

Multiple Choice

Which statement best describes a direct role of ATP in a paramecium?

• ATP provides the energy to move cilia.

• ATP stores the genetic code for replication.

• ATP signals the presence of other nearby organisms.

• ATP senses changes in the surrounding aquatic environment.

Draw

Draw a line from the definition to the word.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following terms matches the definition: 'structures that look similar but evolved from different ancestors'?

• Homologous structures

• Vestigial structures

• Analogous structures

• Common ancestor

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are examples of homologous structures?

• The wing of a bat and the flipper of a dolphin

• The wing of a bee and the wing of a bird

• The tail of a horse and the stinger of a bee

• The fin of a fish and the leg of a horse

Multiple Choice

Which of these statements best describes homologous structures?

• Structures shaped the same that evolved from different ancestor

• The fingers of your hand compared to your kneecap

• The tail of a horse compared with the stinger of a bee

• Structures with different shapes that evolved from the same ancestor

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the difference between divergent and convergent evolution?

• Divergent evolution leads to new species from a common ancestor, while convergent evolution leads to similar traits from different ancestors.

• Divergent evolution leads to similar traits from different ancestors, while convergent evolution leads to new species from a common ancestor.

• Divergent evolution causes analogous structures, while convergent evolution causes homologous structures.

• Divergent evolution merges species together, while convergent evolution splits species apart.

Multiple Choice

What word best describes why the wolf and the thylacine have similar body shapes?

• convergent evolution

• divergent evolution

• homologous structure

• comparative anatomy

​As you watch the video pay attention to how these trees reproduce without animals to eat and spread their seeds.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are reasons why ginkgo and avocado trees are still alive today, according to the video?

• Both species of trees live for thousands of years.

• Humans like the trees, so they plant the trees' seeds.

• Ginkgo and avocado trees evolved the ability to reproduce asexually.

• The trees evolved flying seeds to disperse themselves.

Multiple Choice

The human tailbone is a vestigial organ. The tailbone is a remnant of the tails that our distant ancestors used to survive.

Which statement most likely describes what will happen to the human tailbone in the future?

• The tailbone will continue to get smaller until it disappears.

• Humans will evolve a new use for the tailbone.

• Humans that choose to have a tail will grow one from their tailbone.

• The tailbone will grow longer until humans have a tail again.

Match

Match each statement to the claim, evidence, or reasoning:

• Vestigial structures support the theory of evolution by natural selection.

• The pelvic bone of whales, human appendix and dandelion flower petals provide evidence for evolution.

• Vestigial structures are traits that once benefited an organism but no longer have any use. Vestigial structures remain for one of two reasons: 1. the trait causes no disadvantage for natural selection to select against; or 2. the trait lost its usefulness too recently for natural selection to eliminate it.

Claim

Evidence

Reasoning

• Claim

• Evidence

• Reasoning

Multiple Choice

The rhea is a flightless bird that lives in South America. Rheas have vestigial wings, but they cannot fly.

Which statement most likely describes why rheas have wings?

• Rheas evolved nonfunctional wings to blend in with other birds.

• Rheas kept their wings in case they need to fly again in the future.

• Rheas evolved wings separately from other birds.

• The ancestor of rheas had wings it used to fly.

​Think about it, we'll answer on the next slide.

Multiple Choice

Based on the information in the table, which of the following statements is true?

• Orcas and tiger sharks both have dorsal fins due to convergent evolution.

• The baleen whale and orca developed warm blood through convergent evolution.

• Baleen whales are more distantly related to orcas than tiger sharks.

• All characteristics of baleen whales, orcas, and tiger sharks evolved from different ancestors.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the process of natural selection?

• Organisms change their traits by choice to adapt to the environment.

• The environment selects individuals with advantageous traits to survive and reproduce.

• All individuals in a population survive equally regardless of their traits.

• Evolution occurs only when organisms want to change.

Draw

Draw lines to match the definition to the word.

Multiple Select

Based on DNA sequencing and chromosomal analysis, biologists concluded that chromosome 2 in humans consists of two combined chromosomes inherited from a common ancestor with chimpanzees. What evidence supports this claim?

• Human chromosome 2 contains two centromeres.

• The karyotypes of humans and chimpanzees look identical.

• Humans and chimpanzees have the same number of chromosomes.

• Human chromosome 2 contains the same genes as two chimpanzee chromosomes.

Multiple Choice

What can scientists determine using a molecular clock?

• how many common ancestors two species shared

• how many mutations offspring will inherit

• how fast a species will evolve in the future

• how long ago a common ancestor lived

Multiple Choice

Which group of organisms is most closely related to crocodiles according to the cladogram?

• birds

• snakes

• tuatara

• lizards

Multiple Choice

Examine the diagram to the left.

Which statement best explains why the tortoise and chicken embryos look similar in early development?

• The genes that control early development come from a common ancestor.

• Early embryos choose which genes to express.

• The embryos can develop into either chickens or tortoises depending on temperature.

• Embryos evolve into other species as they develop.

Match

Identify the parts of the scientific argument that Embryology supports the theory of evolution by natural selection.

• Embryology provides evidence that supports the theory of evolution by natural selection.

• Vertebrates look similar as embryos due to genes of early development that came from a common ancestor. Later development genes are activated that are specific to each species.

• As an embryo develops the adaptations from parents begin to change the organism and allow for different fitness opportunities with natural selection.

Claim

Evidence

Reasoning

• Claim

• Evidence

• Reasoning

Multiple Choice

A researcher observed two species of frogs. Both species had a similar diet, appearance, and DNA. The species breed in different habitats. Which data provides the best evidence that the species share a common ancestor?

• Breeding Habits

• DNA

• Appearance

• Diet

Multiple Choice

What observation from embryology supports evolution?

• Offspring evolve new adaptations as they develop.

• Offspring from the same parents are born as different species.

• All organisms evolve a larger tail as they develop.

• The offspring of several species look similar as they develop.