SSA: SPACE SCIENCE (8th GRADE)

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the universe?

• A collection of only stars and planets

• All the empty space, matter, and energy in existence

• Just the solar system and the Milky Way galaxy

• Only the things we can see with telescopes

Multiple Choice

What does the Big Bang theory explain?

• How the universe began from a central explosion of matter and energy

• How stars are formed in galaxies

• Why planets orbit the sun

• How black holes are created

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about galaxies are correct?

• A galaxy can contain up to 1 trillion stars

• Galaxies are always close together

• There are an estimated 200 billion galaxies in the universe

• All galaxies are spiral shaped

Multiple Choice

How far does light travel in one year at the speed of light?

• 9.5 x 10^12 km

• 150,000,000 km

• 1,000,000 km

• 300,000 km

Multiple Choice

A light year is the 

• distance that light travels in one year
• Speed at which light travels 
• Distance between the sun and the earth. 
• Distance at which light no longer exists. 

Multiple Choice

What is an astronomical unit (A.U.)?

• the time it takes light to travel one year

• the distance between the Earth and the Moon

• the distance between the Earth and the Sun

• the distance between the Earth and the Neptune

Multiple Choice

What do we use astronomical units to measure?

• distances in our solar system
  
• How far our solar system is from others in our galaxy.
  
• The distances between galaxies. 
  
• The distance from one side of the universe to the other. 

Multiple Choice

Light year is a unit of _?_.

• time

• distance

• brightness

• heat

Multiple Choice

A light-year (ly) is the distance that light travels in one year. If a star is 3 ly from Earth, how long does it take light from that star to reach Earth?

• 3 minutes

• 3 hours

• 3 years

• 3 light-years

Multiple Choice

What does the H-R diagram classify stars by?

• Temperature and brightness

• Size and distance

• Age and color

• Shape and orbit

Multiple Choice

Which object is closest to Earth?

• Barnard’s Star

• Planet Neptune

• Andromeda galaxy

• Triangulum galaxy

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about brightness are correct?

• Absolute brightness is how bright a star would be from a standard distance.

• Apparent brightness is how bright a star appears from Earth.

• Smaller, negative numbers mean a star is dimmer.

• Larger, positive numbers mean a star is brighter.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a property used to classify stars according to the standard SC.8.E.5.5?

• Apparent magnitude

• Temperature (color)

• Distance from Earth

• Luminosity (absolute brightness)

Multiple Choice

A constellation is a group of visible ____ that form a pattern when viewed from Earth.  

• planets
• stars
• patterns
• creatures

Multiple Choice

Constellations may be only visible during certain seasons due to the Earth’s orbit around the____.  

• Earth
• Mars
• Planets
• sun

Multiple Choice

What is one property of the Sun described in the lesson?

• It is composed of 6 layers.

• It is the coldest object in the solar system.

• Its poles rotate faster than its equator.

• It is younger than most stars.

Multiple Choice

What element is primarily produced in the Sun's core during its main sequence stage?

• Carbon

• Helium

• Oxygen

• Iron

Multiple Choice

Which process in the Sun's core combines hydrogen atoms to form helium?

• Fission

• Combustion

• Nuclear fusion

• Radioactive decay

Multiple Choice

Which process is responsible for transferring energy through the circulation of hot and cold fluids in the sun?

• Convection

• Radiation

• Conduction

• Reflection

Multiple Select

Which of the following are layers or features of the sun as shown in the diagram?

• Core

• Corona

• Photosphere

• Asthenosphere

Multiple Choice

Which model of the solar system places the Sun at the center?

• Heliocentric

• Geocentric

• Lunar-centric

• Astrocentric

Multiple Select

Which characteristics are true for gas giant planets based on the diagram and description?

• Large size

• Thick atmospheres

• Few moons

• Ring systems

Multiple Choice

Which planets are terrestrial planets

• Inner planets
• Outer planets
• Both
• Asteroid belt

Multiple Choice

A force of attraction between any two objects is called _____________.

• static electricity 
• rotation
• gravity
• orbit

Multiple Choice

Which planet is the hottest?

• Earth
• Neptune
• Mercury
• Venus

Multiple Choice

What is the correct order of the planets in the Solar System, starting closest to the Sun?

• Mars, Mercury, Earth, Venus, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune,

• Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

• Mercury, Mars, Venus, Earth, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune,

• Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Neptune, Uranus, Saturn

Multiple Choice

The four inner planets are rocky and small. Which description best fits the next four outer planets?

• They are also rocky and small.

• They are very large and has no moons

• They are small and made of ice.

• They are very large, made of gases with no solid surface

Multiple Choice

Which of the following objects is a chunk of ice and rock originating from the outer solar system, often accompanied by a coma and tail?

• Comet

• Asteroid

• Meteoroid

• Meteorite

Multiple Choice

What do we call a meteor that strikes the Earth's surface?

• comet

• meteorite

• meteoroid

• asteroid

Multiple Choice

Which object has a tail that forms when it moves closer to the Sun and begins to melt?

• asteroid

• meteor

• black hole

• comet

Multiple Choice

Distance and Gravitational Force are ___ proportional.

• Directly

• Inversely

• Not

Multiple Choice

Mass and Gravitational Force are ___ proportional.

• Directly

• Inversely

• Not

Multiple Choice

If you double the mass of an object, how will the gravity force it exerts on other objects be affected?

• Gravity force will double.

• Gravity force will be 1/4 as much.

• Gravity force will be 1/2 as much.

• Gravity force will not be affected.

Multiple Choice

If two objects are brought closer to 1/2 the original distance, by what factor would the gravity force between them change?

• 1/2 as much

• 2 x as much

• 4 x as much

• 1/4 as much

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements are true about planets that are farther from the Sun?

• They have weaker gravity.

• They are colder.

• They have shorter planetary revolutions.

• They have longer planetary revolutions.

Multiple Choice

Which EM waves have the longest wavelength?

• radio

• x-rays

• ultraviolet

• gamma rays

Multiple Choice

Which EM waves have the shortest wavelength?

• radio

• x-rays

• ultraviolet

• gamma rays

Multiple Choice

Which EM waves are have a SHORTER wavelength than visible?

• radio

• none

• infrared

• x-rays

Multiple Choice

The diagram shows a person observing a thunderstorm located several kilometers away. The person hears the thunder several seconds after seeing the lightning. Which statement accurately explains the difference in observations of sound and light by the observer?

 

• Human eyes see light faster than their ears can hear sound.

• The medium the waves are traveling through is different for each type of wave.

• Light waves travel faster than sound waves.

• Sound waves travel faster than light waves.

Multiple Choice

What do electromagnetic waves NOT need to transfer energy?

• matter

• speed

• wavelength

• frequency

Multiple Choice

Select the correct order of waves on the EMS 

• Radio, Micro, Infra, Visible, Ultra, X-ray, Gamma
• Gamma, X-ray, Ultra, Vis, Infra, Micro, Radio
• Vis, Micro, Infra, Ultra, X-ray, Gamma, Radio
• Micro, Radio, Vis, Infra, Ultra, X-ray, Gamma

Multiple Choice

The blue section of the wave is measuring _________________.

• wavelength
• crest
• trough
• amplitude 

Multiple Choice

Which of the following correctly lists the order of mediums from fastest to slowest for the speed of light?

• Empty space (Vacuum), Gas, Liquid, Solid

• Solid, Liquid, Gas, Empty space (Vacuum)

• Gas, Liquid, Solid, Empty space (Vacuum)

• Liquid, Solid, Gas, Empty space (Vacuum)

Multiple Choice

An object that does not allow light to pass through

• transparent 
• clear
• opaque
• translucent

Multiple Choice

If an object allows most all light to pass through it then it is...

• transparent
• opaque 
• translucent
• cold

Multiple Choice

A block of wood is opaque.

• true
• false

Multiple Choice

What is this

• translucent
• transparent
• opaque

Multiple Choice

The windows that you can easily see through is transparent.

• true
• false

Multiple Choice

A brick is

• transparent
• translucent
• opaque

Multiple Choice

What is this?

• Opaque
• transparent
• translucent

Multiple Choice

_____?_____ materials allow light waves to pass through easily.

• Opaque
• Transparent
• Translucent