Summary Writing

Open Ended

Why do you think it is important to focus on the central ideas when summarizing a text?

Multiple Select

Which of the followings should NOT be included in a summary?

• Opinions

• Central ideas

• Personal information

• Background knowledge

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for a good summary answer according to the guidelines?

• It should be a complete sentence or two.

• It should cover main point and key ideas.

• It should be in your own words.

• It should include every detail from the text.

Multiple Choice

What question should you ask yourself to decide if information belongs in your summary?

• Is this information interesting?

• Do you need this information to understand the text?

• Does this information have big words?

• Is this information repeated?

Open Ended

Explain the difference between key points and supporting details when writing a summary.

Multiple Choice

Based on the example text, what are the two rare and valuable pennies mentioned?

• The 1943 copper penny and the 1955 double die penny

• The 1943 steel penny and the 1955 copper penny

• The 1943 silver penny and the 1955 double die penny

• The 1943 copper penny and the 1956 double die penny

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes why the first incorrect example response is not a good summary?

• It is too long and detailed.

• It is too short and does not include key ideas.

• It uses too many big words.

• It is written in someone else's words.

Open Ended

How can you apply the concept of summarizing to other subjects or areas in your life?

Multiple Choice

What should a summary mainly focus on?

• Central ideas of a text

• Personal opinions

• Background knowledge

• Personal information

Multiple Choice

Which one of the following is NOT a part of a summary?

• using your own words
• summary being shorter than the text
• quotes words from the text
• including main ideas only

Multiple Choice

Does the meaning of the text change when you write an objective summary?

• No, it's shorter but has the same meaning.
• Yes, of course the meaning changes because someone else is writing it.
• It depends on the material and who originally wrote it. 

Multiple Choice

When you write the events you'll want to paraphrase them. What does paraphrase mean?

• to list chronologically

• to list objectively

• to reduce to five sentences or less

• to change the wording to your own words

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose for using transitional words?

• To create more work
• To become a successful writer
• To help your reader follow your ideas
• To create a disconnect

Multiple Choice

Which is NOT an example of a transition word?

• Also
• For example
• And
• Finally

Multiple Choice

You should only include the main events or ideas from the passage when writing a summary.

• True

• False

Open Ended

Picture this: a herd of elephants flies past you at sixty miles per hour, followed by a streak of tigers, a pride of lions, and a bunch of clowns. What do you see? It must be a circus train! One of the first uses of the circus train is credited to W.C. Coup. He partnered with P.T. Barnum in 1871 to expand the reach of their newly combined shows using locomotives. That's another word for train. You see, before trains, moving the circus was hard. They had to lug around all their animals, performers, and equipment with a team of more than 600 horses. Since there were no highways, these voyages were rough and took a long time. Circuses would stop at many small towns between the large venues. Performing at many of these small towns was not very profitable. Because of these limitations, circuses could not grow as large as the imaginations of the operators. After they began using circus trains, Barnum and Coup only brought their show to large cities. These performances were much more profitable and the profits went toward creating an even bigger and better circus. More stages or 'rings' were added and the show went on. Ringling Bros. and Barnum and Bailey Circus relied on the train to transport their astounding show until they went defunct in 2017.

Summary

Circuses used to have a difficult time travelling and had to stop at many small towns along the way. Trains allowed circuses to travel easily from large city to large city.

Open Ended

How do you say “'Holy cow”' in French? The fastest thing in France may just be the fastest ground transportation in the world. The TGV (Train à Grande Vitesse: French for very high speed) is France’s national high-speed rail service. On April 3rd, 2007, a TGV test train set a record for the fastest wheeled train, reaching 357.2 miles per hour. In mid 2011, TGV trains operated at the highest speed in passenger train service in the world, regularly reaching 200 miles per hour. But what you may find most shocking is that TGV trains run on electric power not petrol. Now if you’ll excuse me; I have a record to catch.

Summary

The TGV is a French train that set a record for the fastest wheeled train and the fastest passenger train service.

Open Ended

Electric trolley cars or trams were once the chief mode of public transportation in the United States. Though they required tracks and electric cables to run, these trolley cars were clean and comfortable. In 1922, auto manufacturer General Motors created a special unit to replace electric trolleys with cars, trucks, and buses. Over the next decade, they lobbied for laws and regulations that made operating trams more difficult and less profitable. In 1936 General Motors created several front companies to purchase and dismantle the trolley car system. They received big investments from Firestone Tire, Standard Oil of California, Phillips Petroleum, and others in the automotive industry. Some people suspect that these parties wanted to replace trolley cars with buses to make public transportation less desirable. This would then increase automobile sales. The decline of the tram system in North America could be blamed on many things—labor strikes, the Great Depression, regulations that were unfavorable to operators. Yet, perhaps the primary cause was having a group of powerful men from rival sectors of the auto industry working together to ensure its destruction. Fill it up, please.

Summary

Cows were not worth a lot of money until they could be easily transported to the East after the invention of the train. Many people then became cowboys despite the dangers they faced.

Open Ended

Giddy-up, cowboys and girls! In the Southwest during early half of the 1800s, cows were only worth 2 or 3 dollars apiece. They roamed wild, grazed off of the open range, and were abundant. Midway through the century though, railroads were built and the nation was connected. People in the Southwest could suddenly ship cows in freight trains to the Northeast. The Yankees there had a growing taste for beef and were willing to pay for it. Out of the blue, the same cows that were once worth a couple of bucks were now worth between twenty and forty dollars each. The only problem was that they had to get these cows to the train station. A new profession emerged from this. It became pretty lucrative to wrangle up a drove of cattle and herd them to the nearest train town. Of course it was dangerous too. Cowboys were threatened at every turn. They faced cattle rustlers, stampedes and extreme weather. But they kept pushing those steers to the train station. By the turn of the century, barbed wire killed the open range. Some may say the cowboy, too, was killed by barbed wire. Maybe, but it was the train that birthed them.

Summary

This passage is about how many large companies that served the automotive market conspired to dismantle the electric trolley car system and replace them with less desirable buses.