Lab 3 Study Guide Session

Lab 3 Study Guide

By Kyla Cymone

Match

Match the following word roots to their definitions.

• Poly-

• Mono-

• Meta-

• Ecto-

• Endo-

Many

One

Beyond/Change

Outside/External

Within

• Many

• One

• Beyond/Change

• Outside/External

• Within

Match

Match the following word roots to their definitions.

• -ase

• Hydro-

• Macro-

• -lysis

• Ester

Enzyme

Water

Large

To break

Acid

• Enzyme

• Water

• Large

• To break

• Acid

Multiple Choice

What is Brownian movement?

• he constant, random motion of molecules

• Movement caused only by gravity

• A type of cell transport

• Movement of solids only during melting

Poll

How do you think temperature impacts Brownian movement?

• Increases

• Decreases

• Does not impact it

a.        High Heat, High Temperature

b.       High Heat, Low Temperature

c.        Low Heat, High Temperature

d.       Low Heat, Low Temperature

Give examples:

Explain temperature vs heat and how they relate to kinetic energy and thermal energy.

Discuss with your partner:

Temperature vs Heat

a.        High Heat, High Temperature: Large hot spring [Large & hot object]

b.       High Heat, Low Temperature: Glacier [Large & cold object]

c.        Low Heat, High Temperature: Flame on a candle [Small & hot object]

d.       Low Heat, Low Temperature: Ice cubes [Small & cold object]

Examples:

Kinetic energy is the energy an object has due to being in motion while thermal energy relates to how fast that molecule is moving; the faster the more thermal energy it produces. Temperature measures how fast the molecules are moving in a substance while heat is simply a sum of the energy a substance has based on the amount of molecules it is made up of. In short: heat is a sum of kinetic energy while temperature is directly proportional to thermal energy.

Answer:

Temperature vs Heat

Multiple Choice

What is metabolism?

• The amount of oxygen in the body

• The sum of all chemical reactions in the body

• The number of times an organism eats

• How fast the heart beats

Multiple Select

Which of the following are characteristics of endothermic organisms?

• Maintain a constant body temperature

• Rely on the environment for heat

• Have high metabolic rates

• Eats less food

Multiple Choice

Which of the following organisms is ectothermic?

• Bat

• Human

• Frog

• Dolphin

• Horse

Match

Match the terms to their definitions.

• A chemical that triggers an action potential (used to harvest energy to preform a reaction); Used for intercellular communication.

• A chemical that stimulates a response from a cell in the body

• The most common type of lipid (fat), found in the liver & adipose (fat) tissue in the body

• The process of building a molecule

• The process of breaking down a molecule

Neurotransmitter

Hormone

Triglyceride

Anabolic

Catabolic

• Neurotransmitter

• Hormone

• Triglyceride

• Anabolic

• Catabolic

Dropdown

​

Select answer

are macromolecules that are made up of ​

Select answer

subunits.

​

Select answer

is the process of breaking the ​

Select answer

bonds between two monomers.

The two components of a split water molecule are hydrogen ions (H+) and​

Select answer

(OH-) Those molecules will then bind to the exposed section of the recently broken polymer.

Dropdown

When monomers are built from polymers a ​

Select answer

reaction occurs, which releases ​

Select answer

. The exposed bonds can now bind to another monomer  to form a ​

Select answer

.

Catabolic is to ​

Select answer

as anabolic is to ​

Select answer

.

Macromolecules Fill in the Blank

Complete question 10 on page 4 to help you with the next set of questions.

Refer to page 90 in your textbook or pages 59 - 63 in your lab manual for help.

Labelling

Identify which macromolecule is comprised of which elements.

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Proteins

Nucleic Acids

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Open Ended

Why are lipids not considered true polymers? What are they commonly composed of? What is another term for ‘fats’? What is the importance of a phospholipid? List 2 other lipids.

Categorize

Options (20)

Structure & facilitating chemical reactions in the body

Stores genetic information

Short term energy

Long term energy

Amino Acids

Peptide bond

Peptidase & Protease

Nucleotide

Glucose

Glycerol & Fatty Acid Chains

Phosphodiester

Glycosidic

Ester

Nuclease

Amylase

Lipase

DNA & RNA

Cellulose

Chitin

Steroid

Organize each option into the macromolecule it relates to. Be sure to write these answers down on the table for question 10.

Protein

Nucleic Acid

Carbohydrate

Lipid

Categorize

Options (9)

Butter

Oil

Solid at room temp

Liquid at room temp

Easier to digest

Harder to digest

Contributes to hear disease

Explain the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats. Use these options to answer question 11 on your study guide. (Reference page 59 in lab manual)

Saturated Fats

Unsaturated Fats

Multiple Select

Select the nitrogen bases found in RNA.

• Adenine

• Guanine

• Cytosine

• Uracil

• Thymine

Draw

What functional groups do amino acids always contain? Circle one in green and the other in blue in the molecules.

Drag and Drop

All of the following are types of proteins. Identify them based on the given definitions.

​

Placeholder

: known as actin and myosin; they are the protein filaments that help the muscle contract.

​

Placeholder

: the most abundant tissues in the body, providing structural support that makes up bone and cartilage.

​

Placeholder

: proteins that act as a catalyst, lowering the amount of energy required to do a chemical reaction in the body.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

Myofilaments

Collagen

Enzymes

Protein Structure Fill in the Blank

Complete question 15 on page 5 to help you with the next set of questions.

Hint: Look up a diagram in your textbook or on google to help!

Categorize

Options (12)

Sequence of amino acids

Peptide bond

Alpha helix & beta pleated sheets

Hydrogen bond

Multiple secondary structures binding together

Multiple polypeptides together to form a fully functioning protein

Primarily hydrogen bonds with some van der Waal interactions

Disulfide bonds with some Van der Waal interactions

Organize each option regarding protein structure into the correct category. Be sure to use this information to fill out the table on question 14.

Primary Structure

Secondary Structure

Tertiary Structure

Quaternary Structure

Word Cloud

What are two factors that can cause a protein to be denatured?

Multiple Choice

What is an indicator?

• A tool used to heat chemicals

• A substance that changes temperature

• A substance that shows a chemical reaction has occurred

• A machine that analyzes compounds

Name That Test:
Indicators & Observations

Try to figure out 2 things the images on page 7, question 21 represent.

Be sure to also fill out the table for question 22, page 8.

Open Ended

Identify the organ the yellow organ below.

What body system is it a part of?

What 2 important hormones does it produce and what do they do?

What the organ’s function? Could we survive without it?

Open Ended

If you were to teach your best friend what enzymes are, how would you explain them? Use the terms substrates, active sites, activation energy, and pancreatin.

List at least 4 enzymes in the body and what they do.

What is the most abundant enzyme on earth? Describe where it can be found and what it does.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not a sign of a chemical reaction?

• Formation of a gas

• Formation of a precipitate (solid)

• Change in temperature

• Dissolving in water

• They are all signs of chemical reactions

Multiple Choice

What is the function of a test strip?

• To stir solutions

• To detect specific compounds in a solution

• To measure mass

• To track blood pressure

Match

Match the indicators to the macromolecule it tests for.

• Test Strips

• Blue litmus

• Benedict's Solution

• Iodine

Protein

Primarily Lipids

Simple Carbohydrates

Complex Carbohydrates

• Protein

• Primarily Lipids

• Simple Carbohydrates

• Complex Carbohydrates

Open Ended

You used heat at 2 points in the experiment. What were they? What was the purpose of using heat? Could you have used an incubator instead of a water bath? Why or why not?

Open Ended

When the pancreatin from the experiment was boiled, did it have the same effect on the macromolecules? How did you test this?

Open Ended

What was the purpose of using hydrochloric acid in this experiment? What was the purpose of dextrose in this experiment?