BL Ch 10 Gases

Open Ended

Why do you think gases are able to expand to fill their containers, unlike solids and liquids?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a characteristic property of gases?

• They have high densities.

• They are highly compressible.

• They do not mix to form homogeneous mixtures.

• They are composed mainly of metallic elements.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a property that defines the state of a gas sample?

• Temperature

• Pressure

• Color

• Volume

Fill in the Blanks

Pressure is the amount of force applied to an area, mathematically represented as P = F /

.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are common units used to measure pressure?

• Pascal

• Bar

• Joule

• mm Hg

Open Ended

Explain the difference between a barometer and a manometer, including what each instrument measures.

Multiple Choice

What is the value of standard atmospheric pressure at sea level?

• 1.00 atm

• 500 torr

• 0.5 kPa

• 200 mm Hg

Multiple Choice

According to Boyle’s Law, what happens to the volume of a fixed quantity of gas if the pressure is doubled at constant temperature?

• The volume doubles

• The volume is halved

• The volume remains the same

• The volume increases slightly

Multiple Choice

Which of the following graphs will result in a linear relationship according to Boyle's Law?

• V vs. P

• V vs. 1/P

• P vs. V

• P vs. 1/V

Multiple Choice

According to Charles's Law, what is the mathematical relationship between volume and temperature?

• V = constant × T

• V = constant / T

• V = constant × P

• V = constant / P

Open Ended

Explain how the volume of a gas changes with temperature at constant pressure, as described by Charles's Law.

Multiple Choice

Which variables are needed to calculate the density of a gas according to the formula provided?

• Molecular mass, pressure, temperature

• Mass, volume, temperature

• Volume, pressure, temperature

• Molecular mass, volume, pressure

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is true according to Avogadro's Law?

• The volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles at constant temperature and pressure.

• The volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the number of moles at constant temperature and pressure.

• The pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles at constant volume and temperature.

• The temperature of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles at constant pressure and volume.

Open Ended

Explain how the ideal gas law can be used to relate the volumes of reactants and products in a chemical reaction involving gases.

Open Ended

Combine Boyle's Law, Charles's Law, and Avogadro's Law to write the ideal-gas equation.

Multiple Choice

According to Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures, what is the total pressure of a mixture of non-reacting gases equal to?

• The sum of the partial pressures of each gas

• The product of the partial pressures of each gas

• The difference between the largest and smallest partial pressures

• The average of the partial pressures of each gas

Fill in the Blanks

The density of a gas can be expressed as d =

.

Open Ended

After learning about the characteristics of gases, what is one question you still have or something you would like to explore further about gases?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a main tenet of the kinetic-molecular theory of gases?

• Gases consist of large numbers of molecules in continuous, random motion.

• The combined volume of all the molecules of the gas is negligible relative to the total volume.

• Gas molecules are strongly attracted to each other.

• Attractive and repulsive forces between gas molecules are negligible.

Multiple Choice

What are some key characteristics that distinguish gases from liquids and solids?

• Gases expand to fill their containers, are highly compressible, and have low densities.

• Gases have fixed shapes and volumes like solids.

• Gases are composed mainly of metallic elements.

• Gases cannot form mixtures with other gases.

Open Ended

How does the kinetic-molecular theory explain the origin of pressure in a gas?

Multiple Choice

According to the kinetic-molecular theory, what happens to the average kinetic energy of gas molecules if the temperature remains constant?

• It increases over time.

• It decreases over time.

• It remains the same.

• It fluctuates randomly.

Open Ended

Explain the difference between the most probable speed, average speed, and root-mean-square speed of gas molecules.

Multiple Choice

The root-mean-square speed (urms) of a gas is given by the formula urms = sqrt(3RT/M). If two gases are at the same temperature, which property determines which gas will have a higher urms?

• The pressure of the gas

• The volume of the gas

• The molecular mass of the gas

• The number of moles of the gas

Fill in the Blanks

Fill in the blank: Effusion is the escape of gas molecules through a tiny hole into an

space.

Open Ended

According to Graham's Law, which gas will effuse faster: a gas with a higher molar mass or a gas with a lower molar mass? Explain why.