Pharmacokinetics

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT one of the four main components of pharmacokinetics?

• Absorption

• Distribution

• Metabolism

• Synthesis

Fill in the Blank

Passive diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of ___ concentration.

Multiple Select

Which mechanisms allow drugs to move across cell membranes?

• Passive diffusion

• Facilitated diffusion

• Active transport

• Pinocytosis/phagocytosis

Fill in the Blank

For passive diffusion to occur, a drug must be small in size, lipophilic, and ___ (uncharged).

Multiple Select

Which characteristics are true for hydrophilic drugs?

• Water loving

• Usually ionized

• Pass easily through lipid-rich membranes

• Dissolve in water

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes a lipophilic drug?

• Fat loving and able to dissolve in phospholipid cell membranes

• Water loving and dissolves in water

• Usually ionized and passes through membranes easily

• Cannot be absorbed from the gut via passive diffusion

Fill in the Blank

Non-ionized molecules tend to be ___ and therefore diffuse more easily through cell membranes.

Multiple Choice

What happens to drugs injected intramuscularly (IM) according to passive diffusion principles?

• They are deposited in fluid around cells and picked up by capillaries for rapid absorption

• They remain in the muscle tissue and are absorbed slowly

• They are immediately broken down by enzymes

• They do not diffuse into the bloodstream

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of passive diffusion in the human body?

• O2 and CO2 exchange in the lungs

• Glucose uptake by active transport

• Protein synthesis in the ribosome

• DNA replication in the nucleus

Multiple Choice

What is the main role of a carrier molecule in facilitated diffusion?

• To provide energy for transport

• To help large or non-lipid soluble molecules cross the membrane

• To block molecules from entering the cell

• To increase the concentration gradient

Multiple Choice

According to the diagram, why can't glucose molecules cross the cell membrane by simple diffusion?

• They are too small.

• They are not lipid soluble and are too big.

• They are charged ions.

• They are already inside the cell.

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about facilitated diffusion are correct?

• It requires energy from ATP.

• It uses carrier proteins to move molecules.

• It moves molecules down their concentration gradient.

• It is a type of passive transport.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the difference between passive diffusion and facilitated diffusion as shown in the diagram?

• Passive diffusion does not require a carrier protein, while facilitated diffusion does.

• Facilitated diffusion moves molecules against the concentration gradient, while passive diffusion does not.

• Passive diffusion requires energy, while facilitated diffusion does not.

• Facilitated diffusion only occurs in plant cells.

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about active transport are correct based on the text and diagram?

• Active transport requires energy.

• Active transport moves molecules from low to high concentration.

• Active transport uses carrier molecules.

• Active transport moves molecules from high to low concentration.

Multiple Choice

Which process is described as 'cell eating' and involves engulfing solid particles?

• Pinocytosis

• Phagocytosis

• Facilitated diffusion

• Osmosis

Multiple Select

Select all statements that correctly describe pinocytosis and phagocytosis.

• Pinocytosis is known as 'cell drinking'.

• Phagocytosis involves engulfing solid particles.

• Both processes require energy.

• Phagocytosis is used to absorb nutrients from the gut.

Open Ended

After reviewing the objectives of pharmacokinetics, what is one area you would like to explore further or need more clarification on?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT one of the objectives of studying pharmacokinetics as outlined in this session?

• Describe the role of receptors in pharmacology.

• Explain ion trapping.

• List the side effects of all drugs.

• Outline the 4 components of pharmacokinetics.