Lectrolysis

Open Ended

Which type of compound can conduct an electric current? Why?

Multiple Choice

Why do metals tend to form cations while non-metals form anions?

• Because metals have loosely bound electrons that are easily lost, while non-metals have a higher tendency to gain electrons.

• Because metals are always larger in size than non-metals.

• Because non-metals are always found in gaseous state.

• Because metals and non-metals have the same number of electrons.

Multiple Choice

Why do ionic compounds conduct electricity only when dissolved in water?

• Because the ions are able to move freely in solution

• Because water is a conductor

• Because the solid form is more reactive

• Because electrons move through the lattice

Open Ended

Predict: Which ion would be attracted to each electrode? Explain why.

Multiple Select

Based on the diagrams, which statement(s) about the movement of ions during electrolysis are correct?

• Cations move toward the cathode

• Anions move toward the anode

• Cations move toward the anode

• Anions move toward the cathode

Multiple Choice

Which statement best describes what happens at the cathode during electrolysis?

• Positive ions gain electrons and are reduced.

• Negative ions lose electrons and are oxidized.

• Positive ions lose electrons and are oxidized.

• Negative ions gain electrons and are reduced.

Multiple Choice

During electrolysis, which electrode attracts the cations and what is its charge?

• Cathode, negative

• Anode, positive

• Cathode, positive

• Anode, negative

Open Ended

Explain how the movement of ions in the electrolyte leads to the separation of elements at the electrodes during electrolysis.

Multiple Choice

If an ionic compound contains halide ions, what will be produced at the anode?

• The halogen

• Oxygen

• Hydrogen

• The metal

Multiple Select

Which of the following are possible products at the anode during the electrolysis of ionic compounds?

• Chlorine

• Oxygen

• Iodine

• Sodium

Open Ended

Explain why hydrogen gas is produced at the cathode during the electrolysis of potassium iodide solution (KI) instead of potassium metal.

Multiple Choice

Which gas is produced at the anode during the electrolysis of sodium chloride (NaCl)?

• Chlorine gas

• Oxygen gas

• Hydrogen gas

• Iodine gas

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements best explains why oxidation occurs at the anode during electrolysis?

• Because electrons are gained at the anode

• Because electrons are lost at the anode

• Because positive ions move to the anode

• Because the anode is always negative

Open Ended

Describe the role of the diaphragm in the diaphragm cell used for the electrolysis of concentrated sodium chloride solution.

Multiple Select

Select all the correct products formed at the electrodes during the electrolysis of concentrated sodium chloride solution.

• Chlorine gas at anode

• Hydrogen gas at cathode

• Sodium metal at cathode

• Oxygen gas at anode

Open Ended

Chlorine is made by the electrolysis of concentrated aqueous sodium chloride. Describe this electrolysis. Write ionic equations for the reactions at the electrodes and name the sodium compound formed.

Multiple Choice

Which products are formed at the electrodes during the electrolysis of concentrated aqueous sodium chloride?

• Hydrogen at the cathode and chlorine at the anode

• Sodium at the cathode and chlorine at the anode

• Hydrogen at the anode and sodium at the cathode

• Chlorine at the cathode and hydrogen at the anode

Multiple Choice

During the electrolytic purification of copper, what happens at the anode and what happens at the cathode?

• Anode: Impure copper dissolves; Cathode: Pure copper is deposited

• Anode: Pure copper is deposited; Cathode: Impure copper dissolves

• Anode: Hydrogen is formed; Cathode: Chlorine is formed

• Anode: Sodium is formed; Cathode: Chlorine is formed

Multiple Select

Which statements about oxidation and reduction are correct?

• Oxidation is loss of electrons

• Reduction is gain of electrons

• Oxidation is gain of electrons

• Reduction is loss of electrons

Multiple Choice

Which of the following equations represents the oxidation reaction at the anode during the electrolysis of concentrated sodium chloride solution?

• 2Cl⁻ → Cl₂ + 2e⁻

• 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → H₂

• Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻ → Cu

• Na⁺ + e⁻ → Na

Open Ended

Summarize what you have learned about how metals and non-metals form ions and how this relates to their ability to conduct electricity in solution.