Biotechnology

Open Ended

How can artificial manipulation of DNA sequences potentially impact the characteristics of an organism?

Multiple Choice

What is the significance of biotechnology in understanding heredity and genetic traits?

• It helps in identifying plant species only

• It is used only for creating new medicines

• It allows us to manipulate and understand genetic information, impacting agriculture, medicine, and more

• It is mainly about studying animal behavior

Multiple Choice

What is the main purpose of creating a gene knockout organism?

• To make the organism stronger

• To make a gene inoperative to study its function

• To increase the organism's lifespan

• To create a new species

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about CRISPR sequences is correct?

• CRISPR sequences are only found in plants

• CRISPR sequences help bacteria defend against viral infections

• CRISPR sequences are used to make proteins

• CRISPR sequences are not related to gene editing

Multiple Select

Select all correct statements about gene editing using CRISPR-Cas9.

• Guide RNA (gRNA) can be manufactured to target specific genes

• Cas9 nuclease can excise target DNA sequences

• Gene editing can only silence genes, not replace them

• A new DNA sequence can be inserted to replace excised DNA

Open Ended

List two potential benefits of gene editing in crops as described in the images.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the correct order of steps in the CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing process?

• Identify target sequence, manufacture guide RNA, introduce gRNA and Cas9, find target DNA, excise DNA, add replacement sequences

• Manufacture guide RNA, identify target sequence, introduce gRNA and Cas9, excise DNA, find target DNA, add replacement sequences

• Introduce gRNA and Cas9, identify target sequence, manufacture guide RNA, excise DNA, find target DNA, add replacement sequences

• Find target DNA, identify target sequence, manufacture guide RNA, introduce gRNA and Cas9, excise DNA, add replacement sequences

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about highly conserved sequences is/are correct?

• They remain identical or very similar over long periods of evolution.

• A change in their sequence would prevent survival, so mutations are not passed on.

• They always mutate faster than other sequences.

• Genes with high expression levels have less active DNA proofreading mechanisms.

Open Ended

Explain the difference between somatic and germline mutations and discuss their implications for inheritance.