Final Exam Prep

​Final Exam Prep

By Kaliyah Desormeaux

Week 2: Sociological Method

Multiple Choice

Which term describes the capacity of individuals to act and make decisions independently?

• Anomie

• Agency

• Culture

• Social structure

Multiple Choice

What is the term for a social condition characterized by a lack of clear norms, leading to a sense of normlessness?

• Disenchantment

• Anomie

• Reification

• Solidarity

Multiple Choice

Which economic system is characterized by private ownership and production of goods in a competitive market?

• Socialism

• Capitalism

• Communism

• Feudalism

Multiple Choice

Who is associated with the concept of “social action,” emphasizing subjective meaning attached to actions?

• Emile Durkheim

• Karl Marx

• Max Weber

• Talcott Parsons

Multiple Choice

The perspective that explains social behavior in terms of the meanings individuals attribute to it is called:

• Structural functionalism

• Critical sociology

• Macro-sociology

• Interpretive sociology

Multiple Choice

Which sociological perspective focuses on how societal structures and institutions contribute to the stability of society?

• Symbolic interactionism

• Critical sociology

• Functionalism

• Social constructivism

Multiple Choice

The concept of “disenchantment of the world” refers to society embracing magical thinking over scientific rationality.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

The sociological imagination allows individuals to see the relationship between personal troubles and larger social forces.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Reification involves understanding social relationships as fluid and changeable.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Anomie is a condition where individuals feel connected and integrated into society.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

A sociological measurement that accurately reflects what it is intended to measure is called __________.

• Valid

• Reliable

• Systematic

• Objective

Multiple Choice

When a change in one variable accompanies a change in another variable but does not imply causation, it is called __________.

• Causation

• Correlation

• Contingency

• Control

Multiple Choice

In an experiment, the __________ group is the one that is not exposed to the independent variable.

• Experimental

• Treatment

• Control

• Comparison

Multiple Choice

Validity refers to whether a measurement actually measures what it claims to measure.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

A primary data source is data collected directly from firsthand experience.

• True

• False

Week 3: Socialization

Multiple Choice

According to sociologists, self-development is influenced by society and social interaction. Which sociologist emphasized the importance of the “looking glass self”?

• Charles Cooley

• George Mead

• Lawrence Kohlberg

• Carol Gilligan

Multiple Choice

The “game stage” in child development is characterized by children recognizing and interacting based on:

• Random play

• Fixed norms and roles

• Imitation only

• External rewards

Multiple Choice

West and Zimmerman’s performative model explains __________ as social behaviour based on gender performance.

• Role conflict

• Moral development

• Doing gender

• Anticipatory socialization

Multiple Choice

The “hidden curriculum” in schools refers to:

• Informal teaching of societal norms

• Formal lessons in civics and history

• Extracurricular activities

• School hallway routines

Multiple Choice

The “game stage” in child development marks the beginning of understanding social roles based on fixed norms.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

The caste system is characterized by:

• Social mobility based on achievement

• People being born into a social standing they retain for life

• A system allowing easy movement between classes

• Equal opportunities for all

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes conspicuous consumption?

• Purchasing goods to save money

• Consuming only necessities

• Buying products to display social status

• Avoiding material goods to maintain humility

Multiple Choice

The Gini Index measures income inequality, where a higher value indicates more inequality.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

According to Marx, social class is primarily based on a group’s relationship to the ownership of the means of production.

• True

• False

Week 4: Sex, gender, Sexuality; Race & Ethnicity

Multiple Choice

An individual’s self-conception of being male or female based on their association with gender roles is called:

• Gender identity

• Gender bias

• Sexual orientation

• Sexual attitudes

Multiple Choice

From a functionalist perspective, the reason women continue to assume household responsibilities alongside paid work is because:

• Women enjoy unpaid domestic labor.

• Men do not want to take on household tasks.

• It maintains social stability and household balance.

Multiple Choice

The statement “Only women are affected by gender stratification” is:

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

The terms “sex” and “gender” are interchangeable because they mean the same thing.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Gender stereotypes are always accurate and reflect the true differences between men and women.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Stereotypes can be based on:

• Race

• Ethnicity

• Gender

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

Discrimination is:

• An overrated concept

• Biased actions against an individual or group

• Not related to prejudice

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes ethnocentrism?

• Judging another culture based on your own cultural standards

• Valuing all cultures equally

• Celebrating cultural diversity

Week 5: Families

Multiple Choice

Sociologists tend to define family as:

• Relationships of people connected through blood, marriage, or adoption

• The roles of breadwinner, homemaker, and children

• Blood relations

Multiple Choice

The family as understood by sociologists is only based on biological kinship

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

The family life course suggests that family events occur in fixed and predictable stages.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Cohabitation refers specifically to couples who live together but are not yet married.

• True

• False

Week 6: Health, Illness, & Crime

Multiple Choice

Deviance is best described as:

• A violation of social norms

• An act strictly defined by law

• Any criminal act

Multiple Choice

The concept of recidivism refers to:

• The tendency of offenders to reoffend

• Reintegrating offenders into society

• The initial arrest of a criminal

Multiple Choice

A moral panic generally involves:

• Accurate assessments of actual crime levels

• Public fears that are amplified by media coverage

• Systematic policy planning

Multiple Choice

The Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) is an example of:

• Medicalization

• Disability accommodations

• Illness

Multiple Choice

What is social epidemiology?

• The spread of diseases

• Mental health of societies

• The study of the causes and distribution of diseases

Multiple Choice

Society determines which illnesses are stigmatized, not just medical professionals.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Biomedicine defines health and illness primarily in terms of physical and biological systems.

• True

• False

Week 7: Globalization

Multiple Choice

Jane, living in Thailand and without stable access to food or shelter, is an example of:

• Subjective poverty

• Relative poverty

• Absolute poverty

Multiple Choice

Dependency theory argues that global inequality results from:

• Independent development of all nations

• Equal contribution of all nations to the global market

• Core nations exploiting other nations

Multiple Choice

Countries classified as semi-peripheral are:

• Poor, non-industrialized countries

• In-between nations that produce raw materials and serve as middle-class markets

• Wealthy core nations

Multiple Choice

The Columbian Exchange was an exchange between Eastern and Western hemispheres involving plants, animals, diseases, and culture.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

The second wave of globalization is associated with the period after WWII, beginning roughly after 1945.

• Trie

• False

Multiple Choice

Primitive accumulation involves the expropriation of land and unfree labor in the early stages of capitalism.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Disembedding describes how local social interactions are increasingly coordinated across global systems, weakening local traditions.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Neo-colonialism refers to ongoing socio-economic and political dominance by former colonial powers after political independence.

• True

• False