Chapter 16

​Chapter 16: Tobacco

By Kevin Peterson

Why Teens Use Tobacco

1. Influence of friends

2. Influence of family

3. Influence of media

Tobacco Products

• Smoked- Cigarettes are the most frequently used tobacco products.

• Smokeless- Tobacco that is chewed

  • Chewing tobacco known as "dip" or "chew" consists of poor quality, ground tobacco. Placed between cheek and gum.

  • Snuff is finely ground, powdered tobacco. Placed between lower lip and teeth.

Chemicals in Tobacco Products

Nicotine

• Once in the blood, it reaches the brain in seconds.

• Major short term effects are: increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, and changes in the brain that may lead to addiction.

Chemicals in Tobacco Products

Nicotine Withdrawal

• Symptoms include:

  • headaches, irritability, difficulty sleeping, inability to concentrate, intense cravings.

Chemicals in Tobacco Products

Nicotine Addiction

• People begin to rely on it for feelings of alertness and pleasure.

• Once addicted, people experience a strong craving for nicotine.

• Teens may become addicted faster and more intensely than adults.

Other Dangerous Chemicals

1. Tar- dark, sticky substance that forms when tobacco burns.

   1. Contains carcinogens, or cancer causing agents.

2. Carbon Monoxide- odorless, poisonous gas

   1. Inhibits the ability of red blood cells to transport oxygen. Over time, this will damage the cardiovascular system.

Risks of Tobacco Use

Respiratory Diseases

• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)- Permanent damage caused by smoking over a long period of time.

  • Develops slowly by has severe effects.

  • Simple activities leave people with COPD gasping for air.

• Treatments- No cure, but quitting smoking can prevent symptoms from getting worse.

Risks of Tobacco Use

Cardiovascular Disease

• Kill about 138,000 smokers per year in the US

• Smokers 2-3 times more likely to have a heart attack

• Smoking doubles chances of a stroke

• Nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide force the cardiovascular system to work harder than normal.

Open Ended

How do you think smoking would affect your ability to stay active as you age?

Risks of Tobacco Use

Cancer

• Lung cancer-leading cause of cancer death. 85% are related to smoking. Only 15% survive for more than 5 years.

• Oral cancer- cancer of mouth, tongue, and throat.

• Other cancers- tobacco increases cancer in other parts of the body as well including kidneys, bladder, blood, and stomach.

Secondhand Smoke

Mainstream smoke- exhaled from a smoker's lungs.

Sidestream smoke- smoke that goes into the air directly from the cigarette.

Secondhand smoke- combination of mainstream and sidestream smoke. Called environmental tobacco smoke.

Secondhand Smoke

Dangers

• Long-term exposure can cause cardiovascular disease, respiratory problems and cancer.

• Causes about 50,000 deaths from heart attacks and lung cancer.

• Children are vulnerable to secondhand smoke.

Secondhand Smoke

Avoiding secondhand smoke

• Ask smokers not to smoke around you

• Don't allow people to smoke in your home or car

• Sit in non-smoking areas

Tobacco Use and Pregnancy

• Increases baby's heart rate, reduces oxygen supply, and slows cell growth.

• Babies tend to weigh less

• Higher rate of miscarriages, premature births, and stillbirths.

• Higher risk for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)