AEMT: The Human Body

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a key competency for an Advanced Emergency Medical Technician (AEMT) according to the National EMS Education Standards?

• Understanding the EMS system and safety/well-being of the provider

• Performing advanced surgical procedures

• Diagnosing chronic diseases

• Prescribing medications

Open Ended

Explain how knowledge of anatomy and physiology is integrated into the practice of EMS, particularly in relation to the airway, respiratory, and circulatory systems.

Open Ended

Describe how comprehensive knowledge of the pathophysiology of respiration and perfusion can aid in patient assessment and management in EMS practice.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the difference between gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy?

• Gross anatomy examines body functions, while microscopic anatomy examines body parts visible to the naked eye.

• Gross anatomy includes body parts visible to the naked eye, while microscopic anatomy involves body parts visible only through a microscope.

• Gross anatomy is the study of cells, while microscopic anatomy is the study of tissues.

• Gross anatomy involves chemical processes, while microscopic anatomy involves physical processes.

Multiple Choice

What are the main functions that cells perform in the human body, according to the slides?

• Cells only provide structure to the body.

• Cells perform excretion, respiration, and communicate electrochemically.

• Cells are responsible for digestion and absorption only.

• Cells do not have specialized functions.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following structures are found within a typical human cell?

• Nucleus, ribosomes, mitochondrion, Golgi apparatus

• Heart, lungs, brain, liver

• Skin, bone, muscle, fat

• Veins, arteries, capillaries, nerves

Fill in the Blank

The cell membrane allows movement ___ and ___ of the cell.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the function of organelles in a cell?

• They accomplish tasks related to cell structure, growth, maintenance, and metabolism.

• They provide energy for the cell only.

• They store waste products exclusively.

• They are responsible for cell division only.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are examples of organelles found in cells?

• Centrioles

• Ribosomes

• Endoplasmic reticulum

• Cytosol

Open Ended

Explain the role of the nucleus in the cell and why it is considered the control center.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a stage in the life cycle of a cell?

• Interphase

• Mitosis

• Cytokinesis

• Photosynthesis

Fill in the Blank

The process of specialization of a cell is called ___.

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about glycolysis are correct?

• It occurs in the cytosol of the cytoplasm.

• It requires oxygen to proceed.

• It involves a series of enzymatically catalyzed reactions.

• It is a form of anaerobic metabolism.

Multiple Choice

During aerobic cellular respiration, which process produces the greatest number of ATP molecules?

• Glycolysis

• Citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle)

• Electron transport chain

• Lactic acid fermentation

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

• Helps maintain homeostasis

• Allows differences in concentrations between intracellular and extracellular environments

• Determines whether materials are allowed to pass through

• Produces ATP for cellular activities

Open Ended

Explain how the cell membrane helps maintain homeostasis within the cell.

Fill in the Blank

The passive movement of a solute from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is called ___.

Multiple Choice

Which organ is primarily responsible for filtering compounds from the blood and removing wastes in the urine?

• Liver

• Kidney

• Lung

• Heart

Multiple Select

Which of the following statements about facilitated diffusion are correct?

• It requires a carrier molecule.

• Energy is required for the process.

• The number of molecules transported depends on concentration.

• It is a form of passive transport.

Multiple Choice

Based on the diagrams, what is the main difference between facilitated diffusion and active transport?

• Facilitated diffusion moves molecules against the concentration gradient, while active transport does not.

• Active transport requires energy input, while facilitated diffusion does not.

• Both processes require energy input.

• Facilitated diffusion only occurs in plant cells.

Fill in the Blank

Osmosis is the passive movement of a solvent from an area of low to high ___ concentration.

Open Ended

Explain how tonicity affects the movement of water in and out of cells, using the terms hypertonic, isotonic, and hypotonic.

Multiple Choice

Which hormone is released by the posterior pituitary to increase water reabsorption in the kidneys?

• Insulin

• Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

• Aldosterone

• Glucagon

Open Ended

What are some medical/legal and ethical issues that may arise in the provision of emergency care?

Open Ended

How does fundamental knowledge of the EMS system contribute to the safety and well-being of the AEMT during emergency care?