Practice Test 02 Review Session

​Practice Test 02 Review Session

By Adesti Komalasari

Multiple Choice

1. What does the author suggest is the root cause of the shift in power toward the executive branch?

• The Constitution explicitly grants unlimited war powers to the President.

• Presidents are evidently more effective communicators than Congress.

• Congressional inaction and political division have enabled greater executive autonomy.

• The public increasingly favors presidential and ministerial decision-making in peacetime.

Multiple Choice

2. What is the author’s likely purpose in referencing the AUMF of 2001?

• To praise bipartisan cooperation after national tragedy

• To demonstrate how Congress reasserted its military authority

• To illustrate how Congress ceded long-term war powers to the President

• To show how the Constitution’s war-making process was strengthened

Multiple Choice

3. Based on the passage, which statement most accurately reflects the author’s viewpoint?

• The legislative branch has become stronger in modern U.S. politics.

• Constitutional mechanisms no longer constrain the presidency.

• The erosion of legislative oversight is largely a political, not legal, failure.

• Congress’s power has been permanently removed by executive orders.

Multiple Choice

4. Which of the following would be considered a  fact based on the passage?

• Congress often ignores constitutional obligations.

• The President is the commander-in-chief of the military.

• The AUMF was a misuse of legislative power.

• Presidents always exceed their authority during crises.

Multiple Choice

5. What reasoning is used by critics of the AUMF to argue it gave excessive power to the President?

• It limits military funding from Congress.

• It allows the President to conduct foreign policy independently.

• It authorizes long-term use of force beyond its original target.

• It made congressional approval necessary for all future wars.

Poll

The text "The Reconstruction Era: A Battle Over Freedom and Power" is for question number 6 until number 10

You do not need to take the pool, read the text in 45 seconds

• Read

• Read

Multiple Choice

6. What central tension does the author highlight in the Reconstruction era?

• The South’s desire to industrialize versus the North’s push for agriculture

• The conflict between local economic prosperity and national budget deficits

• The struggle between federal authority and Southern resistance to racial equality

• The balance between state-sponsored education and religious institutions

Multiple Choice

7. Which sentence best supports the claim that federal reforms were insufficient to achieve lasting equality?

• “The Civil War may have ended in 1865… but the conflict over the meaning of freedom….”

• “Southern states…passed ‘Black Codes’ to limit the rights of African Americans.”

• “Congress imposed military rule on much of the South…”

• “The Freedmen’s Bureau was created to assist freedmen…”

Multiple Choice

8. Which of the following reflects the author’s  point of view regarding Reconstruction?

• Reconstruction was a complete failure and should never have been attempted.

• Reconstruction achieved its intended goal and permanently transformed the South.

• Reconstruction was an ambitious but ultimately fragile effort toward racial justice.

• Reconstruction proved that local governments are more effective than federal ones.

Multiple Choice

9. What conclusion can be drawn from the author’s description of the Freedmen’s Bureau?

• The Bureau was largely responsible for the resurgence of Southern white supremacy.

• The Bureau’s failure was due to excessive federal interference in state matters.

• Despite its intent, the Bureau lacked the resources to enact meaningful change.

• The Bureau was more focused on punishment than empowerment.

Explanation Slide...

The tone suggests respect for the ambition but acknowledges that the effort was “fragile” and resulted in “broken promises.”

Multiple Choice

10. Based on the passage, which development most clearly marked the end of Reconstruction?

• Ratification of the 13th Amendment

• Withdrawal of federal troops in 1877

• Supreme Court rulings against the Freedmen’s Bureau

• Founding of the NAACP

Multiple Choice

11. What core similarity underlies both speakers’ arguments?

• Both demand greater access to fossil fuels for developing nations.

• Both challenge the effectiveness of private-sector climate solutions.

• Both emphasize that climate justice requires accountability from wealthier nations.

• Both advocate for expanding economic growth in the Global South.

Multiple Choice

12. What symbol does President Petro use to convey the urgency of environmental preservation?

• A political revolution

• A crumbling financial system

• The Amazon as a living entity

• The fossil fuel as a necessary evil

Multiple Choice

13. Which  statement from either speech most reflects a call to moral action rather than a policy demand?

• “Climate justice is not charity. It is about fairness.”

• “Colombia will no longer be complicit.”

• “How many reports do you need before you act?”

• “Loans in exchange for destroying what little nature we have left.”

Multiple Choice

14. Which  inference can be drawn from Nakate’s reference to failed crops and school dropouts?

• The climate crisis is primarily caused by poor infrastructure.

• Delayed climate finance directly affects human development.

• African governments are to blame for economic mismanagement.

• Patience will eventually solve the underlying issue.

Multiple Choice

15. Which of the following statements is most likely a  propaganda technique if used by an opposing political group?

• “The Amazon is a global resource vital to planetary health.”

• “Delays in climate action threaten vulnerable communities.”

• “Climate activists want to destroy your jobs and your way of life.”

• “Historical emissions must shape climate solutions.”

Multiple Choice

16. How does tone differ between the two speeches?

• Petro’s is more optimistic, while Nakate’s is rather indifferent.

• Nakate’s is confrontational and urgent, while Petro’s is diplomatic and firm.

• Both speeches use passive language to avoid responsibility and to show negligence.

• Petro’s tone is apolitical, while Nakate’s is highly partisan.

Multiple Choice

17. What conclusion can be drawn from the comparison between Biden’s and Trump’s executive orders?

• Biden issued more orders in a shorter time than Trump.

• Trump used executive orders more aggressively in early 2025 than during his previous term.

• Biden focused mostly on immigration policies.

• Trump issued fewer executive orders than Biden across both terms.

Multiple Choice

18. What does the inclusion of “Settling scores, attacking litigators” as a category suggest about the tone or character of some executive actions?

• All executive orders were legal challenges.

• Some orders may have been used for personal or retaliatory purposes.

• The judiciary was required to approve each order.

• These actions were part of environmental reform.

Multiple Choice

19. Which topic had the highest frequency among the executive orders, and what might this imply about the administration’s priority?

• Energy and natural resources – energy independence was key.

• Immigration and refugees – border security dominated policy.

• Reforming bureaucracy – the administration aimed to reduce federal government size and influence.

• DEI and gender issues – social justice reform was central.

Multiple Choice

20. What inference can you make about how the Trump administration views climate and environmental issues based on the number of orders?

• Environmental issues were prioritized over defense.

• There was minimal interest in addressing climate issues.

• Environmental issues received equal attention as religion and freedom.

• Climate change was the central narrative in most orders.

Multiple Choice

21. Based on the passage, which of the following BEST represents the central idea?

• Climate change is a localized problem affecting only island nations.

• Legal systems worldwide have adapted to the threat of climate migration.

• Climate-induced migration is a growing global crisis lacking adequate legal frameworks and international response.

• Economic migrants pose a greater threat to border security than climate migrants.

Multiple Choice

22. Which of the following is a factual claim supported by the passage?

• Over 30 million people were displaced by climate-related disasters in 2022.

• All climate migrants eventually cross international borders.

• Wealthy nations have pledged to resettle all environmental refugees.

• Coastal communities have always been uninhabitable.

Multiple Choice

23. Which  authorial perspective can be inferred from the passage?

• Climate migration should be seen as a national security issue.

• International law is intentionally designed to exclude climate migrants.

• Governments should collaborate to address climate-induced displacement as a matter of justice.

• Migration is best controlled through tighter border enforcement.

Multiple Choice

24. What is the primary cause-and-effect relationship discussed in the passage?

• Economic sanctions cause migration restrictions.

• Sea-level rise and droughts are leading to displacement of populations.

• Refugee laws cause coastal flooding.

• Infrastructure development prevents climate migration.

Multiple Choice

25. Which of the following is most likely an  opinion rather than a fact?

• International refugee law does not cover climate-related displacement.

• Island nations face existential threats due to rising sea levels.

• The global community must respond with empathy and cooperation.

• Climate migrants are often internally displaced.

Multiple Choice

26. Which  inference can be drawn from the author’s mention of countries like Kiribati and Tuvalu?

• These countries are wealthy enough to protect themselves from sea-level rise.

• They are used as examples of international cooperation in climate policy.

• They exemplify the most severe and permanent consequences of climate change.

• They are refusing foreign aid to preserve sovereignty.

Poll

The map "Military Reconstruction DIstrict " is for question number 27 until number 30

You do not need to take the pool, read the map in one minute

Information on the map:
Military Reconstruction Districts (1865–1870)

After the Civil War, the U.S. government divided the South into five Military Reconstruction Districts as part of the Reconstruction Acts of 1867. This was a federal effort to reorganize and reintegrate the former Confederate states into the Union while protecting the rights of newly freed African Americans.

Each district was overseen by a Union general and headquartered in a major Southern city. States were required to:

• Ratify the 14th Amendment (granting citizenship and equal protection),

• Draft new constitutions recognizing civil rights, and

• Guarantee voting rights for Black men.

The map:

• Shows which states were in each military district.

• Notes when each state was readmitted to the Union.

• Identifies Freedmen’s Bureau activity in Texas counties (inset).

Shows that Tennessee was exempt from military rule, having already rejoined the Union in 1866.

• Read

• Read

​The map "Military Reconstruction District "

Information on the map:

Military Reconstruction Districts (1865–1870)

After the Civil War, the U.S. government divided the South into five Military Reconstruction Districts as part of the Reconstruction Acts of 1867. This was a federal effort to reorganize and reintegrate the former Confederate states into the Union while protecting the rights of newly freed African Americans.

Each district was overseen by a Union general and headquartered in a major Southern city. States were required to:

Ratify the 14th Amendment (granting citizenship and equal protection),

Draft new constitutions recognizing civil rights, and

Guarantee voting rights for Black men.

The map:

Shows which states were in each military district.

Notes when each state was readmitted to the Union.

Identifies Freedmen’s Bureau activity in Texas counties (inset).

Shows that Tennessee was exempt from military rule, having already rejoined the Union in 1866.

Multiple Choice

27. What does the creation of five military districts suggest about the federal government’s approach to Reconstruction?

• The South was seen as a stable region ready for self-rule.

• The government prioritized economic development over civil rights.

• Military enforcement was necessary to ensure Southern compliance with new civil rights laws.

• States in the West posed a greater threat than those in the South.

Multiple Choice

28. Which state was the last to be readmitted to the Union, according to the map?

• Texas

• Georgia

• Alabama

• Florida

Multiple Choice

29. What can be inferred from the inset showing Freedmen’s Bureau posts in Texas?

• Every Texas county had a Freedmen’s Bureau post to extend its influence. 

• Freedmen’s Bureau activity was focused in a specific part of the state.

• The Bureau was more active in the western regions of Texas.

• The Freedmen’s Bureau replaced local governance in Texas.

Multiple Choice

30. What conclusion can be drawn from the map about the role of military headquarters in Reconstruction?

• Each military district was governed from Washington, D.C.

• Military headquarters were positioned and centralized in symbolic Confederate capitals.

• Headquarters were placed in central cities within each district to enable effective control.

• There was no coordination between military districts.

Multiple Choice

31. What  central theme unites both speeches?

• The need for stronger trade relationships between rural and urban economies.

• The demand for recognition and justice in the face of environmental collapse.

• A call for privatization of climate and agricultural sectors.

• The promotion of agricultural technology in small communities.

Multiple Choice

32. Which metaphor best captures the  tone and urgency of the Prime Minister’s message?

• “Our islands are not .... : they are the frontline.”

• “Noise-cancelling headphones made of profit and policy.”

• “We come with open hands ready to build.”

• “Budget lines will save our planet.”

Multiple Choice

33. What  inference can be drawn from the farmer’s phrase: “the skies break promises like brittle branches” ?

• Local governments are offering farmers generous support.

• Weather has become increasingly unpredictable and unreliable.

• Farmers are using outdated methods of irrigation.

• Religious beliefs are decreasing in rural areas.

Poll

The cartoon is for question number 34 until number 35

You do not need to take the pool, see the pic in 45 seconds

This political cartoon shows a couple wearing shirts with Democratic Party logos (donkey symbol) standing in front of a newsstand filled entirely with headlines about President Trump’s impeachment. Ironically, the man comments, “I can’t believe stores have Christmas stuff out already,” ignoring the flood of impeachment news around him.

• Read

• Read

This political cartoon shows a couple wearing shirts with Democratic Party logos (donkey symbol) standing in front of a newsstand filled entirely with headlines about President Trump’s impeachment. Ironically, the man comments, “I can’t believe stores have Christmas stuff out already,” ignoring the flood of impeachment news around him.

Multiple Choice

34. Which theme is most emphasized by the cartoon?

• Media censorship and stunt publicity

• Political violence and poster advertisement

• Media saturation and public distraction

• Economic policy reform

Multiple Choice

35. What is the cartoonist’s likely criticism of the news media?

• The media refuses to report on Trump’s impeachment

• The media manipulates all political news and shows Democrats destroying newspapers

• The media floods the public with repetitive political headlines, leading to apathy

• The media promotes early holiday shopping