4.1-Electric Circuits

​Lesson 4
Electric Circuits-Day 1

By Jessica Freeman

Electric Circuits

we use electricity everyday

Electricity: is one of the most important resources in the world.

Electricity powers your homes, schools, shopping malls and everything around you.

Electricity

Multiple Choice

Electricity is produced by

• generators

• mining under the ground

Multiple Choice

Electricity is used everyday in our life.

• everyday

• every year

When you turn on a light, electrical energy moves. The flow of electrical energy happens because the particles that make up matter move.

These particles can have a positive or a negative charge. Two particles that have the same charge push away from each other. Two particles that have opposite charges pull towards each other or attract.

​

Electric Charge

Let's Watch a Video Atoms!

Be prepared to answer a question regarding the video!


https://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/matter/atoms.htm

Multiple Choice

In an atom, what is the number of protons equal to?

• the number of electrons

• the number of neutrons

• the number of molecules

• none of these choices

Fill in the Blank

__________ flows around a circuit to create electricity.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes electricity?

• The presence and flow of an electric charge

• The movement of water through pipes

• The process of burning fuel for energy

• The transfer of heat between objects

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes a conductor?

• A material that allows heat or electric current to flow through easily

• A material that blocks all forms of energy

• A material that glows when heated

• A material that cannot be bent or shaped

Multiple Select

Which of the following are examples of insulators?

• Rubber gloves

• Copper wire

• Plastic coating

• Wooden stick

Open Ended

Why is it important to understand the difference between conductors and insulators in our daily lives?

Fill in the Blank

Fill in the blank: Energy that causes a transfer of heat between materials is called ___.

Open Ended

What questions do you still have about conductors, insulators, or the types of energy discussed today?

The flow of charged particles in the same direction is called electric current.

​

Electric Current

A material that allows electric current to flow through it.

Ex: Metal is a good conductor of electricity. This is why wires have copper wire inside of them.

​

Conductor

This is a material that does not allow current to flow through.

Ex: Plastic is an insulating material. This is why the outside of the wires are coated in plastic or rubber.

​

Insulator

This is the starting point of the energy in a circuit to keep it moving. Circuits must flow in a complete path.

A battery is considered source.

​

Electrical Source

Resistors help control the flow of electricity. Often it gets changed into another type of energy such as light or heat. Thin wires often have less resistance and can heat up or start glowing

​

Resistor

2

Do Now

Which of these changes to the electric circuit shown will cause the light bulb to light up?

A. Straightening the wire so that the current can flow
more easily

B. Adding a switch and more wire so that the current
can flow more easily

C. Turning one battery so that its positive end connects
to the other battery’s negative end

D. Making the length of wire the same on both sides of
the light bulb

Fill in the Blank

Fill in the blank: In a circuit, wires act as ______ because they allow energy to flow.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are parts of a simple electric circuit?

• Power source

• Switch

• Load

• Insulator

Open Ended

What is the difference between an open circuit and a closed circuit?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a way that electrical circuits help us in our daily lives?

• They allow us to use devices that need electricity, like lights and computers.

• They help plants grow by providing sunlight.

• They make water flow through pipes.

• They help us cook food without any heat.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are parts of a simple electric circuit?

• Power source

• Switch

• Load

• Insulator

Open Ended

What is the difference between an open circuit and a closed circuit?

Open Ended

Why is only one bulb lit in the circuit shown in the picture? What change could cause all of the bulbs to be lit?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following devices converts electrical energy into mechanical energy?

• Flashlight

• Toaster

• Fan

• Radio

Multiple Choice

a flow of electric charges

• electric current

• motor

• energy

• filament

Multiple Choice

The path made for current is called a

• circuit

• pathway

• conductor

• insulator

Multiple Choice

Which of the following devices transforms electrical energy into mechanical energy?

• Fan

• Television

• Holiday lights

• Microwave

Multiple Choice

The flow of electric charges is called a

• river

• current

• stream

Multiple Choice

A material that current can flow through easily is a

• insulator

• conductor

Multiple Choice

Material that current cannot flow through easily is an

• conductor

• insulator

Multiple Choice

Electrical current will pass easily through metals such as copper, aluminum and gold. These metals are good

• things

• insulators

• charged particles

• conductors

Multiple Choice

Most circuits include a device that opens and closes the circuit. This device allows you to turn a light bulb on and off. This device is a

• computer

• wire

• switch

• flashlight

Multiple Choice

A device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy is call a

• battery

• conductor

• parallel circuit

• flashlight

Multiple Choice

Charged particles that flow continuously through material is called

• Insulator

• Electric Current

• Flashlight

• closed circuit

Multiple Choice

When too much electric current flows through an object, the object can heat up. What might this cause?

• your computer will turn on

• a fire

• the circuit to open

• carry information from the brain

Multiple Choice

interactions between electric charges

• solar cells

• energy

• electricity

• motor

Multiple Choice

Objects with unlike charges will...

• repel

• attract

Multiple Choice

objects with like charges will...

• attract

• repel

Multiple Choice

a push or pull between two charged objects

• electric force

• electrical circuit

• static electricity

• electric discharge

Multiple Choice

a complete loop without any breaks in it through which electric current flows

• open circuit

• closed circuit

Multiple Choice

an electrical circuit with at least one break in the loop

• open circuit

• closed circuit

Multiple Select

Which of the following are Conductors of Electricity?

(multiple answers)

• copper

• rubber

• aluminum

• wood

• gold

Multiple Select

Which of the following are Conductors of Electricity?

(multiple answers)

• iron

• many plastics

• steel

• glass

• dry air

Multiple Select

Which of the following are Conductors of Electricity?

(multiple answers)

• water

• cloth

• sand

• aluminum

Multiple Select

Which of the following are Insulators of Electricity?

(multiple answers)

• wood

• rubber

• dry air

• cloth

• water

Multiple Select

Which of the following are Insulators of Electricity?

(multiple answers)

• glass

• silver

• copper

• many plastics

• sand

Resistor

A Device to control flow of electricity

Source

The point that something comes from

Match

Match the following

• Source

• Resistor

• Insulator

• Conductor

The point that something comes from

A Device to control flow of electricity

A material that stops the flow of electr

​A material that energy can easily flow

• The point that something comes from

• A Device to control flow of electricity

• A material that stops the flow of electr

• ​A material that energy can easily flow