Study Guide for Quiz #1

​Study Guide Measurement & Physical / Chemical

By John On

Open Ended

What do you know about scientific measurements? Explain the tools and units for measuring mass, length, volume.

Physical Science 1-5: Measurement & math in Physical Science

Multiple Choice

What is this?

• Balance
• Test Tube

• Beaker

• Graduated cylinder

Multiple Choice

The Curved surface of the liquid in a graduated cylinder - always read the bottom!

• graduated cylinder

• meter stick

• meniscus

• volume

How do scientists Record Measurements?

• In everyday life, different countries use different units of measurement

  • Units can depend on certain situations

• Since scientists communicate with people all over the world, they have agreed to use the same units of measurement to keep things consistent

• The Metric system used in science

  • Written in multiples of 10 for easy conversion

• ​There are seven base units in SI Measurement

  • In Physical science, we will focus on some units more than other

    • mass

    • volume

    • length/distance

    • temperature

​The International System of Units

Length

• The Base SI unit is a Meter

  • In class, we will mostly use centimeters

• Tells the distance or height/length of an object

• Measured using a meter stick, ruler, or tape measure

  • Make sure you are using the correct side

Mass

• Base Unit is the Kilogram (Kg)

  • When we use smaller objects in the class, we will measure them in grams

• Mass tells you the amount of matter in an object

  • NOT how much something weighs

• Measured on the electric balance or the Toledo Scale on the back for larger objects

Volume

• Volume: The amount of space that something fills

• The unit depends on the substance being measured

  • Liquids: Liters

  • Solids: Cubic Meters

• Solids Can be measured in different ways that we will explore throughout the year

• Liquids are measured in a graduated cylinder

Tempurature

• Temperature: A measurement of the average kinetic energy of particles in an object

  • Energy creates heat, which is what we feel when we say an object is "hot"

• The SI unit for Temperature is Kelvin, but we will mainly use Celsius

  • An easier scale for comparison

• Measured using thermometers and temperature probes

Multiple Choice

What is mass a measure of?

• The force of gravity on an object

• The amount of matter in an object

• The volume of an object

• The density of an object

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a METRIC unit of measure for LENGTH?

• mL

• in.

• kg

• cm

Multiple Choice

Which unit is used to measure Mass of an object?

• Centimeters
• Milliliters
• Grams
• Volume

Multiple Choice

What would you use a RULER for?

• To measure length.

• To measure mass.

• To measure volume.

• To measure time.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a METRIC unit of measure for VOLUME?

• mL

• cups

• kg

• cm

Multiple Choice

What is the relationship between meters and kilometers?

• 1 kilometer = 500 meters
• 1 kilometer = 1,000 meters
• 1000 kilometer = 1 meter

• 1 kilometer = 100 meters
• 100 kilometers=1 meter

Averages

• When we do different measurements, we can sometimes get different results each time

  • Which number is the most correct?

• To get the best representation of data, we take the average of a dataset

• To calculate your average

  • Add all of your data points/trials together

  • Divide by how many data points/trials you have

Multiple Choice

What is this tool?

• Beaker

• Flask

• Test Tube

Multiple Choice

What is this tool?

• flask

• triangle

• flash

Multiple Choice

What is this called?

• mini beaker

• graduated cylinder

• graduated tube

Multiple Choice

Name that tool!

• Ruler

• stick

• a lengthy tool

Used to measure objects

Science uses the SI units (international system of units)

Ruler

Used to find the mass of an object

Digital Balance/Scale

Used to obtain measurements of mass

Triple Beam Balance

Density

Learning Goal:

To estimate the volume and density of different objects and substances

​

Multiple Choice

A golf ball and a ping-pong ball are about the same size. In other words, they have about the same volume. However, a golf ball has more mass than a ping-pong ball. What can you conclude from this information?

• A ping-pong ball contains more matter than a golf ball.

• A ping-pong ball has the same properties as a golf ball.

• A golf ball contains a smaller amount of mass per volume than a ping-pong ball.

• A golf ball has a greater density than a ping-pong ball.

Volume and Density Problems (Notebook)

Open Ended

What is the volume of the hammer?

Open Ended

A graduated cylinder has a mass of 50 g when empty. When 30 mL of water is added, the graduated cylinder has a mass of 120 g. If a rock is added to the graduated cylinder, the water level rises to 75 mL and the total mass is now 250 g. What is the density of the rock?

Open Ended

In your own words describe how you would find the volume of the rock in the picture. Write in complete sentences with correct grammar and punctuation.

Multiple Choice

What is the volume of the liquid?

• 6.5

• 6.7

• 6.6

• 66

Volume

To find the volume of an irregularly shaped object like a rock: use the water displacement
method.

This method

involves dropping
the object into a
measured amount of water and seeing how much the water level rises.

In order to find the displacement of water you must know
how to read themeniscus correctly! Look at the bottom of the curve to accurately read the measurement.

Fill in the Blanks

The Greenhouse Effect

What is the greenhouse effect?

• Sun produces solar radiation

• Some is reflected back into space by Earth's atmosphere

• Some passes through atmosphere & is absorbed by Earth's surface

• More greenhouse gases released 🢂 Greater gas layer & more thermal energy absorbed

Multiple Choice

What happens to the temperature of the atmosphere if more greenhouse gases are added? (Hint: think about Venus)

• The temperature goes up

• The temperature goes down

Multiple Choice

What happens to the temperature of the atmosphere if there were no greenhouse gases? (Hint: think about Mars)

• The temperature goes up

• The temperature goes down

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SN5-DnOHQmE

Multiple Choice

Burning fossil fuel (coal & oil) releases _____ into Earth's atmosphere.

• water vapor (H₂O)

• oxygen (O₂)

• methane (CH₄)

• carbon dioxide (CO₂)

Physical Changes

Examples
✔Cutting or breaking into smaller pieces
✔Molding or bending to change shape
✔Changing state of matter; freezing,

melting, evaporating, etc.

✔Dissolving

Chemical Changes

• Usually irreversible chemical reaction
•Rearrangement of the atoms of one or
more substances
• A change in their chemical properties or
composition
•New substance formed

Drag and Drop

Which of the following are physical changes?​

Placeholder

​

Placeholder

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

ice melting

iron rusting

Dropdown

Which of the following is a chemical change?​

Select answer

Multiple Choice

Two clear liquids are mixed and a yellow color forms 

• CHEMICAL CHANGE

• PHYSICAL CHANGE

Multiple Choice

Baking cookies

• CHEMICAL CHANGE

• PHYSICAL CHANGE

Multiple Choice

Diamonds are used to scratch glass

• CHEMICAL CHANGE

• PHYSICAL CHANGE

Multiple Choice

A tree burns to form ashes

• CHEMICAL CHANGE

• PHYSICAL CHANGE

Multiple Choice

Water freezes to form ice

• CHEMICAL CHANGE

• PHYSICAL CHANGE

Multiple Choice

Glass Breaking

• CHEMICAL CHANGE

• PHYSICAL CHANGE

Multiple Choice

Water evaporates into steam

• CHEMICAL CHANGE

• PHYSICAL CHANGE

Multiple Choice

A piece of apple rots on the ground

• CHEMICAL CHANGE

• PHYSICAL CHANGE

Multiple Choice

A bicycle chain rusts

• CHEMICAL CHANGE

• PHYSICAL CHANGE

Open Ended

come up with two examples each for a physical change, and a chemical change. Give examples that have not already been provided.