Unit 5 Notes- Transcription

Multiple Choice

Why is protein synthesis important for living organisms?

• It helps in digestion of food

• It is essential for building and repairing tissues

• It provides energy directly

• It helps in breathing

Multiple Choice

Which process occurs first during protein synthesis?

• Transcription

• Translation

• Replication

• Reverse transcription

Fill in the Blanks

The sugar found in RNA is

.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are differences between DNA and RNA?

• DNA contains thymine, RNA contains uracil

• DNA is double-stranded, RNA is single-stranded

• DNA contains ribose, RNA contains deoxyribose

• DNA contains deoxyribose, RNA contains ribose

Multiple Choice

What is the main function of messenger RNA (mRNA)?

• Carries the message from DNA to be translated into a protein

• Forms the main components of the ribosome

• Transfers amino acids to the ribosome

• Replicates DNA

Multiple Choice

Which type of RNA forms the main components of the ribosome?

• rRNA

• mRNA

• tRNA

• snRNA

Multiple Choice

Which type of RNA is responsible for transferring amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome during protein synthesis?

• Messenger RNA (mRNA)

• Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

• Transfer RNA (tRNA)

• Small nuclear RNA (snRNA)

Multiple Choice

What type of RNA is shown?

• mRNA

• tRNA

• rRNA

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about transcription is correct?

• Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm and produces proteins.

• Transcription uses one strand of DNA as a template to synthesize RNA in the nucleus.

• Transcription pairs amino acids with tRNA in the ribosome.

• Transcription forms the main components of the ribosome.

Fill in the Blanks

RNA polymerase binds to the

of a gene to begin transcription.

Multiple Choice

Which enzyme initiates and starts the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template?

• RNA Polymerase

• DNA Polymerase

• Helicase

Multiple Choice

What is the role of the RNA polymerase in protein synthesis?

• RNA polymerase will unzip the DNA strand and transcribe an mRNA strand.

• RNA polymerase will transcribe the mRNA strand.

• RNA polymerase will unzip the DNA strand.

• RNA polymerase will unzip the RNA strand and transcribe an mRNA strand.

Multiple Choice

What happens to the DNA helix after the gene is transcribed during transcription?

• It is degraded by enzymes.

• It remains unwound permanently.

• It winds back up.

• It leaves the nucleus.

Multiple Choice

Which RNA base pairs with adenine (A) during transcription?

• Uracil (U)

• Thymine (T)

• Guanine (G)

• Cytosine (C)

Multiple Choice

Transcribe the following DNA strand into mRNA: ATCGAC

• UACGUG

• TAGCTG

• UAGCUG

• UAGCTG

Multiple Choice

What are genes?

• Change of the nucleotide sequence of the genome

• The arrangement of parts to form a living thing

• The portion DNA that determines traits

• Different forms or versions of something

Fill in the Blanks

During transcription, the enzyme responsible for synthesizing mRNA from a DNA template is called

Multiple Choice

What is the relationship between genes and proteins as described in the lesson?

• Each gene codes for one protein.

• Each gene codes for multiple proteins at once.

• Proteins code for genes.

• Genes are not related to proteins.

Multiple Choice

How would the DNA sequence GCTATA be transcribed to mRNA?

• GCUAUA
• CGATAT
• CGAUAU
• GCUTUT

Multiple Choice

The process by which the genetic code of DNA is copied into a strand of RNA is called

• translation
• transcription
• transformation
• replication

Multiple Choice

What is the correct order to make a protein?

• Protein, DNA, RNA

• RNA, DNA, Protein

• DNA, RNA, Protein

• Protein, RNA, DNA