CLO 2.2 part 1

Multiple Select

Which of the following are benefits of Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA)?

• Maximum information per dose

• Cost reduction

• Permits examination of high-risk patients

• Increased radiation exposure

Multiple Choice

Which principle is emphasized for quality control and assurance in the use of interventional fluoroscopy equipment?

• ALARA principle

• Inverse square law

• Ohm's law

• Newton's law

Open Ended

Why is it important to understand the scientific principles behind the design and operation of interventional fluoroscopy equipment in medical imaging?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a key component or principle in the comprehensive overview of interventional fluoroscopy?

• Main Components

• Scientific Principles

• Image Quality Factors

• Patient Nutrition

Open Ended

Compare the image quality factors in interventional fluoroscopy and general radiography. What aspects should be considered?

Open Ended

Explain how digital subtraction angiography (DSA) reduces anatomical clutter in radiographic images. What is the main objective of this technique?

Multiple Choice

How can post-processing improve image quality in DSA?

• By adjusting contrast, window width, and level, and correcting motion or misregistration.

• By increasing the radiation dose.

• By using a different imaging modality.

• By removing the contrast agent.

Multiple Choice

How does subtraction help visualize blood vessels more clearly in DSA?

• It eliminates structures common to both images, leaving only the vessels.

• It increases the brightness of the image.

• It adds more contrast agent to the vessels.

• It reduces the resolution of the image.

Open Ended

How does DSA improve patient safety and cost efficiency?

Multiple Choice

Which two images are required to perform subtraction in digital subtraction angiography (DSA)?

• Mask image and contrast image

• CT scan and MRI scan

• Pre-contrast and post-contrast ultrasound

• PET scan and SPECT scan

Multiple Choice

Which method of subtraction is currently used in digital subtraction angiography?

• Photographic (film) subtraction

• Electronic subtraction

• Manual subtraction

• Optical subtraction

Open Ended

What are the 3 conditions required for electronic subtraction?

Open Ended

Explain the process by which electronic subtraction is performed in digital subtraction angiography. Include the types of electronic subtraction mentioned.

Multiple Choice

Temporal subtraction in digital subtraction angiography involves subtracting an image obtained at one time from an image obtained at a later time. What is the main purpose of this technique?

• To reduce radiation dose

• To enhance visualization of blood vessels

• To increase image resolution

• To decrease image acquisition time

Multiple Choice

What is the main purpose of dual energy subtraction in medical imaging?

• To enhance image clarity by separating bone and soft tissue details

• To increase radiation exposure

• To reduce the number of images taken

• To speed up the imaging process

Open Ended

Explain how dual energy subtraction uses different X-ray energy levels to improve chest imaging.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are possible outcomes when using dual energy subtraction in chest imaging?

• Bone can be removed to show soft tissues or vessels clearly

• Soft tissue can be removed to show bones clearly

• Both bone and soft tissue are removed

• Only soft tissue is enhanced

Open Ended

Compare the images shown after soft tissue removal and bone removal in dual energy subtraction. What differences can you observe and what clinical advantages do these differences provide?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of dual energy subtraction imaging?

• It is less complex than standard imaging

• It is more sensitive to scatter radiation

• Some bones may remain visible

• It is more complex

Multiple Choice

What aspect of the ALARA principle is most important when operating interventional fluoroscopy equipment?

• Minimizing patient exposure to radiation

• Maximizing image quality at any cost

• Increasing the speed of the procedure

• Reducing the use of contrast agents

Open Ended

How does the design and operation of interventional fluoroscopy equipment differ from general radiography equipment, and why is quality control important within the ALARA principle?