Road to Revolution Review

Multiple Choice

What idea did the Enlightenment encourage among Englishmen and colonists?

• Trusting the king without question

• Relying only on tradition and religion

• Using reason and knowledge to question authority

• Obeying Parliament no matter what

Multiple Choice

According to John Locke, what was the main role of government?

• To expand the king’s power

• To protect people’s natural rights

• To collect taxes and manage trade

• To control the colonies

Multiple Choice

What was the purpose of Thomas Paine’s Common Sense?

• To argue that the colonies should separate from Britain

• To support loyalty to the king

• To describe the French and Indian War

• D. To end slavery in the colonies

Multiple Choice

The English Bill of Rights (1689) stated that:

• Parliament, not the king, made laws and taxes

• The king could ignore Parliament’s laws

• Only the king could pass taxes
  

• Colonists could not vote

Multiple Choice

What was one major effect of the French and Indian War?

• A. Britain was left in heavy debt

• (Correct)
  France gained control of all colonies

• 
  The colonies gained independence

• Native Americans gained land

Multiple Choice

What was Parliament’s main reason for creating new colonial taxes?

• To pay off debts from the French and Indian War

• To punish colonists for protesting

• 
  To limit trade with France
  

• To build new colonies

Multiple Choice

How did colonists respond to the Stamp Act?

• They ignored it

• 
  B. They boycotted British goods

• They supported it

• 
  They moved to Canada

Multiple Choice

Why did delegates meet at the First Continental Congress?

• To protest the Intolerable Acts

• To declare immediate war
  

• To write the U.S. Constitution

• To plan trade with France

Multiple Choice

Why were colonists angry about the continued tax on tea?

• It limited their freedom to choose trade partners

• It made coffee more expensive

• 
  It only affected Loyalists

• 
  It banned tea in the colonies

Outbreak of Open War

By 1775, tensions in Massachusetts had reached a boiling point. Colonial militias, known as "Minutemen," trained to be ready to fight at a moment's notice, and secret stashes of arms and supplies were stockpiled.

The Battles of Lexington and Concord

On the night of April 19, 1775, British troops moved out of Boston to seize colonial weapons hidden in Concord. Paul Revere, William Dawes, and Dr. Samuel Prescott rode ahead to sound the alarm.

1. Lexington: At dawn, British troops encountered a group of colonial militia led by Captain John Parker. A shot was fired—its origin unknown—sparking a brief skirmish. Eight colonists were killed, and the militia scattered. This event was later immortalized by Ralph Waldo Emerson as "the shot heard 'round the world."

2. Concord: The British moved on to Concord, where they discovered and destroyed the colonial supplies, but as they returned to Boston the Redcoats (aka British) were met by nearlly 4,000 Minutemen (militia) and were forced into a retreat.

These battles marked the irreversible transition from protest to war, compelling every colonist to decide whether to remain a Loyalist to the king or become a Patriot fighting for independence.

Multiple Choice

The phrase “the shot heard ‘round the world” refers to:

• The first battle at Lexington

• The signing of the Declaration of Independence

• 
  The French and Indian War

• The Boston Massacre

Multiple Choice

After the Battle of Concord, what did colonists do?

• Forced British troops to retreat under fire

• Surrendered their weapons peacefully

• Destroyed all of the British supplies

• Signed a peace treaty

Multiple Choice

What idea from John Locke is echoed in the Declaration?

• Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

• Parliament’s power to tax

• The right to serve the king

• 
  Equal rights for British citizens only

Multiple Choice

Why was the Declaration written for foreign governments to read?

• To gain their support for independence

• To threaten Britain with invasion

• To apologize for rebellion

• 
  To ask for more British troops